ขำขื่น
kǎm-kʉ̀ʉnMeaning
1AdjectiveB2
wry; amused yet bitter
Feeling or showing amusement mixed with bitterness or sadness; finding something funny while also hurt or resentful.
Examples
พอpɔɔพอpɔɔ1enough; sufficient2enough; sufficiently3[to] suffice; be enough4quite; rather; fairly5as soon as; whenได้ยินdâi-yinได้ยินdâi-yin1[to] hear2[to] hear of; be told; learn (by hearing)เรื่องตลกrʉ̂ʉang-dtà-lòkเรื่องตลกrʉ̂ʉang-dtà-lòk1joke; funny story2humorous incident3farce; not to be taken seriously (fig.)ที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerล้อเลียนlɔ́ɔ-liianล้อเลียนlɔ́ɔ-liian[to] mock; ridicule; teaseความผิดพลาดkwaam-pìt-plâatความผิดพลาดkwaam-pìt-plâatmistake; errorของตัวเองkɔ̌ɔng-dtuua-eengของตัวเองkɔ̌ɔng-dtuua-eengone's ownเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerยิ้มขำyím-kǎmยิ้มขำyím-kǎm[to] smile in amusementขื่นkʉ̀ʉnขื่นkʉ̀ʉn1bitter; astringent; acrid (taste)2bitter; painful; resentful (emotion)
When he heard a joke that mocked his own mistake, he gave a bitter smile.
3 more examplesShow less
เขาkǎoได้แต่dâai-dtɛ̀ɛหัวเราะhǔua-rɔ́ขำขื่นkǎm-kʉ̀ʉnเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเห็นhěnแฟนเก่าfɛɛn-gàoเดินมาdəən-maaกับgàpคนรักkon-rákใหม่mài
He could only give a bitter laugh when he saw his ex-girlfriend walk by with her new lover.
เธอtəəมองดูmɔɔng-duuความพยายามkwaam-pá-yaa-yaamที่tîiล้มเหลวlóm-lěeoของตัวเองkɔ̌ɔng-dtuua-eengตลอดทั้งปีdtà-lɔ̀ɔt-táng-bpiiด้วยdûuaiความรู้สึกkwaam-rúu-sʉ̀kขำขื่นkǎm-kʉ̀ʉn
She looked back on her own failed efforts throughout the year with a feeling of bitter amusement.
เรื่องราวrʉ̂ʉang-raaoโศกนาฏกรรมsòok-gà-nâat-dtà-gamของkɔ̌ɔngตัวละครdtuua-lá-kɔɔnนั้นnánน่าเศร้าnâa-sâoเสียจนsǐia-jonผู้ชมpûu-chomบางคนbaang-konรู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀kขำขื่นkǎm-kʉ̀ʉnในnaiโชคชะตาchôok-chá-dtaaที่tîiเล่นตลกlên-dtà-lòkกับgàpเขาkǎo
The character's tragic story was so sad that some viewers felt a bitter amusement at how fate had played a cruel joke on him.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ขำขื่น said ขัม-ขื่น?
kǎm-kʉ̀ʉn
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableThe vowel ำ hides a final -ม, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
kǎm
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
ขื่นkʉ̀ʉnขื่นkʉ̀ʉn1bitter; astringent; acrid (taste)2bitter; painful; resentful (emotion)bitter; astringent; acrid (taste)Part 2
ขำขื่นkǎm-kʉ̀ʉnขำขื่นkǎm-kʉ̀ʉnwry; amused yet bitterwry; amused yet bitterWord