กลืน
glʉʉnMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] swallow
to cause food, drink, or another substance to pass from the mouth down the throat into the stomach
Examples
เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillกลืนgleuuanกลืนgleuuan1[to] swallow2[to] engulf; absorb3[to] blend in; harmonize4[to] assimilate (ling.)ข้าวkâaoข้าวkâao1rice (cooked)2rice (grain/uncooked)3meal; food (general)4rice plant; paddyช้าcháaช้าcháa1slow2slowly3late; delayed4[to] be slow; be lateๆ-
He swallows rice slowly.
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Yesterday I had a sore throat and swallowing water was difficult.
The doctor told me to swallow the capsule whole and not chew it.
เขาkǎoสูดsùutน้ำลายnáam-laaiแล้วlɛ́ɛoกลืนglʉʉnนมnomทีละtii-láอึกʉ̀kเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiสำลักsǎm-lák
He took a breath and swallowed the milk gulp by gulp to avoid choking.
2VerbB2
[to] engulf; absorb
to take in or envelop completely so that something disappears or becomes part of something else (literal or figurative)
Examples
ไฟป่าfai-bpàaไฟป่าfai-bpàawildfire; bushfire; forest fireลุกลามlúk-laamลุกลามlúk-laam[to] spread; escalate (esp. fire/disease/conflict)กลืนglʉʉnกลืนglʉʉn1[to] swallow2[to] engulf; absorb3[to] blend in; harmonize4[to] assimilate (ling.)บ้านbâanบ้านbâan1house; home2home (family unit)3village; hometown4classifier: หลังทั้งtángทั้งtáng1whole; entire2all3both4altogether; entirelyหมู่บ้านmùu-bâanหมู่บ้านmùu-bâan1village; hamlet2housing estate; gated communityจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofแทบtɛ̂ɛpแทบtɛ̂ɛp1almost; nearly2virtually; practicallyไม่เหลือmâi-lʉ̌ʉaไม่เหลือmâi-lʉ̌ʉanone left; all goneร่องรอยrɔ̂ng-rɔɔiร่องรอยrɔ̂ng-rɔɔitrace; clue; vestige
The forest fire spread and engulfed the entire village, leaving almost no trace.
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The darkness gradually swallowed the last light of the day.
คลื่นยักษ์klʉ̂ʉn-yákพัดpátเข้าkâoฝั่งfàngและlɛ́กลืนglʉʉnเรือประมงrʉʉa-bprà-mongลำเล็กlam-lékอย่างรวดเร็วyàang-rûuat-reo
A giant wave surged ashore and swiftly engulfed the small fishing boat.
เสียงโห่ร้องsǐiang-hòo-rɔ́ɔngถูกtùukความเงียบkwaam-ngîiapของkɔ̌ɔngราตรีraa-dtriiกลืนglʉʉnไปbpaiเหลือlʉ̌ʉaเพียงpiiangเสียงsǐiangลมหายใจlom-hǎai-jaiแผ่วเบาpɛ̀ɛo-bao
The cheering was swallowed by the silence of the night, leaving only the sound of faint breathing.
3VerbB2
[to] blend in; harmonize
to mix or merge so well with surroundings that it is not distinct; to harmonize with the background
Examples
เสื้อsʉ̂ʉaเสื้อsʉ̂ʉa1shirt; top2jacket; coat3classifier: ตัวสีเขียวsǐi-kǐiaoสีเขียวsǐi-kǐiao1green (color)2green; green-colored3eco-friendly; environmentalของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎohis; hers; theirsกลืนglʉʉnกลืนglʉʉn1[to] swallow2[to] engulf; absorb3[to] blend in; harmonize4[to] assimilate (ling.)ไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already pastกับgàpกับgàp1with; together with2and (informal)3side dish; accompaniment4against; versus5to; toward (recipient/target)6classifier: sets/pairs (spoon and fork)ป่าbpàaป่าbpàa1forest; woodland2the wild; wilderness3wild; undomesticated; uncultivatedจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofแทบtɛ̂ɛpแทบtɛ̂ɛp1almost; nearly2virtually; practicallyมองไม่เห็นmɔɔng-mâi-hěnมองไม่เห็นmɔɔng-mâi-hěn[to] be unable to see [sth]
His green shirt blended with the forest so much that it was hardly visible.
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ลายพรางlaai praangของkŏngทหารtá-hăanกลืนgleuuanเข้ากับkâo gàpภูมิประเทศpoom-bprà-têetหินhĭnอย่างyàangแนบเนียนnâep niian
The soldiers’ camouflage blended seamlessly with the rocky terrain.
สถาปัตยกรรมไม้sà-tăa-bpàt-dtà-yá-gam máaiของkŏngบ้านbâanหลังlăngนี้néeกลืนgleuuanกับgàpภูมิทัศน์poom-mí-tátชนบทchon-ná-bòtทำให้tam hâiภาพรวมpâap ruuamดูdooสงบsà-ngòpกลมกลืนglom gleuun
The wooden architecture of this house blends with the rural landscape, creating a calm, harmonious look.
โทนสีtoon-sǐiอบอุ่นòp-ùnในnaiห้องรับแขกhɔ̂ng-ráp-kɛ̀ɛkกลืนglʉʉnกับgàpแสงsɛ̌ɛngธรรมชาติtam-má-châatช่วยchûuaiลดlótความแข็งkwaam-kɛ̌ngของkɔ̌ɔngเฟอร์นิเจอร์โลหะfəə-ní-jə̂ə-loo-hà
The warm tones in the living room blend with the natural light, softening the harshness of the metal furniture.
4VerbC1
[to] assimilate (ling.)
to make a speech sound more like a neighboring sound in pronunciation, especially in the expression กลืนเสียง
Examples
ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)คำว่าkam wâaคำว่าkam wâathe word/term (introductory marker)นักเรียนnák riianนักเรียนnák riianschool student; pupilเสียงsĭiangเสียงsĭiang1sound; noise2voice3vote4tone; timbre5phonetic toneนnที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerต้นdtônต้นdtôn1tree; plant2beginning; early3origin; source; root cause4stem; trunk; stalk; base5classifier: trees; plants; poles6initial; primary (as prefix)คำkamคำkam1word; term2classifier for words/utterances3speech; saying; utteranceจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)กลืนgleuuanกลืนgleuuan1[to] swallow2[to] engulf; absorb3[to] blend in; harmonize4[to] assimilate (ling.)กับgàpกับgàp1with; together with2and (informal)3side dish; accompaniment4against; versus5to; toward (recipient/target)6classifier: sets/pairs (spoon and fork)เสียงsĭiangเสียงsĭiang1sound; noise2voice3vote4tone; timbre5phonetic toneรrจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofออกเสียงòk sĭiangออกเสียงòk sĭiang1[to] pronounce2[to] vote; cast a voteคล้ายkláaiคล้ายkláai1similar; alike (predicative)2[to] resemble; be similar toนักnákนักnák1person engaged in [field/activity]; specialist; -er/-ist (prefix)2very; greatly; muchเรียนriianเรียนriian1[to] study; learn2[to] take (a course/subject)3[to] respectfully inform; address (formal)
In the word ‘นักเรียน’, the initial N sound assimilates with the R sound, so it is pronounced like ‘nak-rian’.
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เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaพูดpûutเร็วreoเสียงsǐiangท้ายtáaiของkɔ̌ɔngคำkamแรกrɛ̂ɛkมักจะmák-jàกลืนglʉʉnกับgàpพยัญชนะต้นpá-yan-chá-ná-dtônของkɔ̌ɔngคำkamถัดไปtàt-bpaiทำให้เกิดtam-hâi-gə̀ətการกลืนgaan-glʉʉnเสียงsǐiangตามdtaamกฎgòtของkɔ̌ɔngภาษาไทยpaa-sǎa-tai
When speaking quickly, the final sound of the first word often assimilates with the initial consonant of the next word, resulting in assimilation according to Thai phonological rules.
ในnaiภาษาถิ่นpaa-sǎa-tìnนี้níiวรรณยุกต์wan-ná-yúkของkɔ̌ɔngบางbaangพยางค์pá-yaangจะjàถูกtùukกลืนglʉʉnเป็นbpenเสียงsǐiangระดับกลางrá-dàp-glaangเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaอยู่yùuหน้าnâaพยางค์pá-yaangที่tîiมีmiiวรรณยุกต์wan-ná-yúkโทtooเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaรักษาrák-sǎaจังหวะjang-wàเสียงsǐiangของkɔ̌ɔngวลีwá-lii
In this dialect, the tones of some syllables are neutralized to mid level when preceding a syllable with a falling tone, in order to maintain the rhythm of the phrase.
กระบวนการgrà-buan-gaanกลืนgleuuanเสียงsĭiangนาnaaสิsìกgกับgàpพยัญชนะpá-yan-chá-náระเบิดrà-bèrtทำให้เกิดtam hâi gèrtการปรับgaan bpràpลักษณะlák-sà-nàเสียงsĭiangร่วมกันrûuam ganส่งผลให้sòng pŏn hâiความต่างkwaam dtàangเชิงcherngสัทะsà-táถูกtòokกลืนgleuuanจนjonเหลือlĕuuaค่ากลางkâa glaangในnaiคำยืมkam yeuum
The assimilation of nasal sounds with plosives produces coarticulatory adjustments, resulting in phonetic distinctions being neutralized to a mid value in loanwords.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid classConsonant clusterIn the cluster กล, the first consonant ก sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
glʉʉn
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |