เหี้ยน
hîianMeanings
1AdjectiveB2
cut very short; worn down to a stump
Cut off or worn down so far that little or none of the original length remains.
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillชอบchɔ̂ɔpชอบchɔ̂ɔp1[to] like; be fond of2tend to; usually3be proper; be fitting (formal)กัดgàtกัดgàt1[to] bite2[to] corrode; [to] etch3[to] sting; [to] irritate (skin)4caustic; irritating (to skin)5[to] mill (machining)เล็บlépเล็บlépnail (human); claw (animal)จนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofเหี้ยนhîianเหี้ยนhîian1cut very short; worn down to a stump2completely; with nothing leftเวลาwee-laaเวลาwee-laa1time2time; period; occasion3when; at the time (that)4classifier: scheduled occasions; meals; dosesเครียดkrîiatเครียดkrîiat1stressed; tense; anxious2[to] feel stressed; be under stressก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerยิ่งyîngยิ่งyîng1even; increasingly; more2the more … (the more …)3very; exceedingly (formal/emphatic)กัดgàtกัดgàt1[to] bite2[to] corrode; [to] etch3[to] sting; [to] irritate (skin)4caustic; irritating (to skin)5[to] mill (machining)บ่อยbɔ̀iบ่อยbɔ̀ioften; frequently
He tends to bite his nails down to stubs, and he bites them even more often when he's stressed.
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ไม้กวาดmáai-gwàatอันนี้an-níiใช้cháiมานานmaa-naanจนjonปลายbplaaiเหี้ยนhîianกวาดgwàatพื้นpʉ́ʉnไม่ค่อยmâi-kɔ̂iสะอาดsà-àatแล้วlɛ́ɛo
This broom has been used so long that its bristles are worn down to stubs, and it no longer sweeps the floor very well.
หลังจากlăng jàakคนสวนkon sŭuanตัดdtàtกิ่งgìngเสียจนsĭia jonเหี้ยนhîianต้นมะม่วงdtôn-má-mûuangก็gâwเหลือlĕuuaเพียงpiiangลำต้นlam dtônกับgàpกิ่งgìngสั้นsânๆ-ซึ่งsêungแทบtâepไม่มีmâi meeใบbaiติดอยู่dtìt yòoเลยloie
After the gardener cut the branches back to stubs, the mango tree was left with only its trunk and short branches bearing hardly any leaves.
แม้máeดินสอdin sŏrแท่งtâengนั้นnánจะjàถูกtòokเหลาlăoจนjonเหี้ยนhîianเหลือlĕuuaแค่kâeท่อนtônสั้นsânๆ-เธอterก็gâwยังyangเก็บไว้gèp wáiเพราะpráwเป็นbpenของขวัญkŏng kwănชิ้นchínแรกrâekที่têeได้รับdâi rápจากjàakพ่อpôr
Although that pencil had been sharpened down to a tiny stub, she still kept it because it was the first gift she had received from her father.
2AdverbB2
completely; with nothing left
Completely, leaving nothing behind, especially when something is eaten, used up, removed, or cleared away.
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)เก็บgèpเก็บgèp1to keep; store; put away2to collect; pick up; gather3to tidy up; put in order4to keep back; save5[to] harvest; pick (fruit/flowers)6to charge; take (a fee/payment)7[to] tuck in; gather up (hair/clothes)ขนมkà-nǒmขนมkà-nǒmsnack; sweet; dessertไว้กินwái-ginไว้กินwái-gin[to] keep for eating laterพรุ่งนี้prûng-níiพรุ่งนี้prûng-níi1tomorrow (the day after today)2tomorrow; on the day after todayแต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)น้องnɔ́ɔngน้องnɔ́ɔng1younger sibling2junior; younger person3I; you (for the younger person)กินginกินgin1[to] eat2[to] drink (colloquial/with some nouns)3[to] take medicine (colloquial)4[to] consume; use up5[to] corrode; erode; eat into6[to] take (a bribe); pocketจนหมดjon-mòtจนหมดjon-mòtuntil all is gone; completelyเหี้ยนhîianเหี้ยนhîian1cut very short; worn down to a stump2completely; with nothing leftแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)
I saved the snacks for tomorrow, but my younger sibling has already eaten every last bit.
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พอpɔɔแขกkɛ̀ɛkกลับglàpอาหารaa-hǎanบนbonโต๊ะdtóก็gɔ̂หมดmòtเหี้ยนhîianเหลือlʉ̌ʉaแต่dtɛ̀ɛจานjaanเปล่าbplàao
By the time the guests left, all the food on the table was gone, leaving only empty plates.
หลังจากlǎng-jàakต้องdtɔ̂ngจ่ายjàaiค่ารักษาพยาบาลkâa-rák-sǎa-pá-yaa-baanโดยdooiไม่มีmâi-miiประกันbprà-ganเงินเก็บngən-gèpที่tîiสะสมมาsà-sǒm-maaหลายlǎaiปีbpiiก็gɔ̂หมดmòtเหี้ยนhîianในnaiเวลาwee-laaไม่กี่mâi-gìiเดือนdʉʉan
After having to pay medical bills without insurance, the savings accumulated over many years were completely depleted within a few months.
ระหว่างที่rá-wàang-tîiเจ้าของบ้านjâao-kɔ̌ɔng-bâanไปเที่ยวbpai-tîiaoต่างจังหวัดdtàang-jang-wàtโจรjooก็gɔ̂ขนkǒnของมีค่าkɔ̌ɔng-mii-kâaไปbpaiจนหมดjon-mòtเหี้ยนhîianแม้แต่mɛ́ɛ-dtɛ̀ɛโทรทัศน์too-rá-tátเครื่องkrʉ̂ʉangเก่าgàoก็gɔ̂ไม่เหลือmâi-lʉ̌ʉa
While the homeowner was away on a trip to another province, thieves took every last valuable—even the old television was gone.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Falling tone
hîian
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
High class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |