อัณฑช
an-tá-cháMeanings
1NounC2
oviparous animal; egg-born creature
an oviparous animal; a living being that is born from an egg (typically used in formal, literary, or Buddhist contexts to classify types of birth)
Examples
นกnókนกnók1bird2[to] get stood up; miss out (slang)งูngooงูngoosnakeและláeและláeand (coordinating)เต่าdtàoเต่าdtào1turtle; tortoise; terrapin2slow person/thing (figurative)ต่างdtàangต่างdtàang1different; distinct2various; diverse3each; respectively4foreign; from another place5to differ; be different6in place of; as a substitute forก็gâwก็gâw1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerถูกtòokถูกtòok1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3[to] touch; come into contact with [sb/sth]4to be correct/right5proper; morally right6[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)7passive marker (often adverse)จัดให้jàt hâiจัดให้jàt hâi1you got it!; I'll handle it2[to] arrange for [sb]; [to] provideอยู่yòoอยู่yòo1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainในกลุ่มnai glùmในกลุ่มnai glùmin a group; among a groupอัณฑชan-tá-cháอัณฑชan-tá-chá1oviparous animal; egg-born creature2oviparous; born from an eggหรือrĕuหรือrĕu1or (choice/alternative)2or?; really? (question/finality particle)สัตว์sàtสัตว์sàt1animal (non-human creature)2beast; brute (pejorative)ที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerเกิดจากgèrt jàakเกิดจากgèrt jàak1[to] result from [sth]; be caused by [sth]; arise from [sth]2[to] be formed from; originate from; be produced byไข่kàiไข่kài1egg2[to] lay eggs; spawn3testicles (vulgar/slang)4zero score (slang, sports/exams)
Birds, snakes, and turtles are all classified in the group of oviparous animals, or animals born from eggs.
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ตามdtaamหลักคำสอนlàk kam sŏnทางtaangพระพุทธศาสนาprá-pút-tá-sàat-sà-năaกำเนิดgam-nèrtสี่ประการsèe bprà-gaanประกอบด้วยbprà-gòp dûuaiชลchonาพุชpútอัณฑชan-tá-cháสังsăngเสsăyทชและláeโอปปาติกะoh-bpà-bpaa-dtì-gà
According to Buddhist teachings, the four modes of birth consist of viviparous, oviparous, moisture-born, and spontaneously born beings.
ในnaiคัมภีร์kam-peeโบราณboh-raanมีmeeการกล่าวถึงgaan glàao tĕungสัตว์sàtอัณฑชan-tá-cháกำเนิดgam-nèrtว่าwâaต้องdtôngอาศัยaa-săiการgaanฟักตัวfák dtuuaจากjàakความอบอุ่นkwaam òp ùnก่อนที่gòn têeจะjàออกมาòk maaลืมตาleum dtaaดูdooโลกlôhk
Ancient scriptures mention that oviparous beings require incubation from warmth before coming out into the world.
พระธรรมกถึกprá tam-má-gà-tèukได้dâiอธิบายถึงà-tí-baai tĕungความทุกข์kwaam túkของkŏngสัตว์sàtที่têeเกิดเป็นgèrt bpenอัณฑชan-tá-cháเพื่อpêuuaชี้ให้เห็นถึงchée hâi hĕn tĕungวัฏสงสารwát sŏng-săanที่têeเต็มไปด้วยdtem bpai dûuaiความไม่เที่ยงแท้kwaam mâi tîiang táe
The Dhamma preacher explained the suffering of beings born as oviparous animals to point out the cycle of rebirth that is full of impermanence.
2AdjectiveC2
oviparous; born from an egg
oviparous; being born from an egg
Examples
ตามdtaamตามdtaam1[to] follow; go after2according to; in accordance with3after; behind; in pursuit of4[to] comply with; abide by; obey5along; along (a path); following (direction)6[to] send for; fetch [sb]7[to] light; kindle (literary)ความเชื่อโบราณkwaam chûuea boh-raanความเชื่อโบราณkwaam chûuea boh-raanancient belief; traditional beliefนาคnâakนาคnâak1naga; mythical serpent2pre-ordination man; candidate for monkhoodบางตระกูลbaang dtrà-goonบางตระกูลbaang dtrà-goonsome families; certain lineagesมีmeeมีmee1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoการกำเนิดgaan gam-nèrtการกำเนิดgaan gam-nèrt1origin; genesis; emergence2birth (formal)แบบbàepแบบbàep1style; type; kind; manner2classifier for types, styles, or designs3model; pattern; design; template4form; questionnaire5model; person posing6in a ... way; -ly (pre-head adverbial marker)อัณฑชan-tá-cháอัณฑชan-tá-chá1oviparous animal; egg-born creature2oviparous; born from an eggคือkeuคือkeu1to be (definition/identification)2namely; that is; i.e.ฟักตัวfák dtuuaฟักตัวfák dtuua1to incubate (embryo/egg)2to incubate (of a disease/pathogen)ออกจากòk jàakออกจากòk jàak1[to] leave; exit; depart from2from; out of (after a verb)ไข่kàiไข่kài1egg2[to] lay eggs; spawn3testicles (vulgar/slang)4zero score (slang, sports/exams)
According to ancient beliefs, some families of Nagas have an oviparous birth, meaning they hatch from eggs.
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วรรณคดีไทยwan-ná-ká-dee taiหลายlăaiเรื่องrêuuangมักกล่าวmák glàaoถึงtĕungตัวละครdtuua lá-konอมนุษย์à-má-nútที่têeมีmeeการกำเนิดgaan gam-nèrtแบบbàepอัณฑชan-tá-chá
Many Thai literary works often mention non-human characters that have an oviparous birth.
ตามdtaamคัมภีร์kam-peeทางtaangพระพุทธศาสนาprá-pút-tá-sàat-sà-năaการกำเนิดgaan gam-nèrtของkŏngสัตว์sàtแบ่งออกเป็นbàeng òk bpenสี่sèeประเภทbprà-pâytซึ่งsêungหนึ่งในnèung naiนั้นnánคือkeuอัณฑชan-tá-cháกำเนิดgam-nèrtหรือrĕuการเกิดgaan gèrtจากjàakไข่kài
According to Buddhist scriptures, the birth of beings is divided into four types, one of which is oviparous birth, or being born from an egg.
พญาครุฑpá-yaa krútจัดเป็นjàt bpenสิ่งมีชีวิตsìng mee chee-wítที่têeมีmeeการกำเนิดgaan gam-nèrtแบบbàepอัณฑชan-tá-cháตามdtaamคติความเชื่อká-dtì kwaam chêuuaในnaiศาสนาsàat-sà-năaพราหมณ์praamฮินดูhin duu
The Garuda is classified as a being with an oviparous birth according to beliefs in Brahmanism-Hinduism.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is อัณฑช said อัณ-ทด?
an-tá-chá
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ณ, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |