น่วม
nûuamMeanings
1AdjectiveB1
bruised; battered; sore
injured with bruises and swelling; sore all over from being hit or beaten
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already past5too; excessivelyมีเรื่องmii-rʉ̂ʉangมีเรื่องmii-rʉ̂ʉang1[to] have an issue; something came up2[to] get into a quarrel/fightมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerเลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceedโดนdoonโดนdoon1[to] get; be subjected to (passive, often negative)2[to] be hit; be struck; be affected3[to] hit the mark; be spot on (slang/colloq.)ต่อยdtɔ̀ɔiต่อยdtɔ̀ɔi1[to] punch; hit with the fist2[to] stingซะsáซะsá1imperative/emphatic particle2completive/emphatic particle (colloq.)น่วมnûuamน่วมnûuam1bruised; battered; sore2soft; mushy; pulpyเลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceed
He got into some trouble, so he got punched until he was bruised all over.
3 more examplesShow less
นักมวยnák-muuaiฝ่ายแดงfàai-dɛɛngดูduuน่วมnûuamไปbpaiทั้งตัวtáng-dtuuaหลังจากlǎng-jàakชกchókครบkrópสิบสองsìp-sɔ̌ɔngยกyók
The boxer in the red corner looked battered all over after fighting for twelve full rounds.
เมื่อวานmʉ̂ʉa-waanฉันchǎnตกdtòkบันไดban-daiวันนี้wan-níiเลยləəiรู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀kน่วมnûuamไปbpaiทั้งตัวtáng-dtuua
I fell down the stairs yesterday, so today my whole body feels sore and bruised.
สภาพsà-pâapรถrótของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoหลังจากlǎng-jàakเกิดอุบัติเหตุgə̀ət-ù-bàt-dtì-hèetเรียกได้ว่าrîiak-dâai-wâaยับเยินyáp-yəənส่วนsùuanคนขับkon-kàpก็gɔ̂โดนdoonกระแทกgrà-tɛ̂ɛkจนjonน่วมnûuamไปหมดbpai-mòt
The condition of his car after the accident could be described as wrecked, and the driver himself was slammed around until he was sore all over.
2AdjectiveB1
soft; mushy; pulpy
soft and squishy from being pressed, soaked, or overripe
Examples
มะม่วงmá-mûuangมะม่วงmá-mûuang1mango (fruit)2mango treeลูกlûukลูกlûuk1child; son; daughter2offspring (of animals); young3ball; spherical object4fruit5classifier: fruits, balls, and certain other objectsนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)น่วมnûuamน่วมnûuam1bruised; battered; sore2soft; mushy; pulpyแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)กินginกินgin1[to] eat2[to] drink (colloquial/with some nouns)3[to] take medicine (colloquial)4[to] consume; use up5[to] corrode; erode; eat into6[to] take (a bribe); pocketไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)อร่อยà-rɔ̀iอร่อยà-rɔ̀i1delicious; tasty2[to] taste good; be delicious
This mango is mushy already; it won't be tasty.
3 more examplesShow less
Don't boil the vegetables for too long, or they'll all get soft and mushy, which isn't delicious.
ฉันchǎnวางwaangของหนักkɔ̌ɔng-nàkทับtápถุงtǔngสตรอว์เบอร์รีsà-dtrɔɔ-bəə-riiตอนนี้dtɔɔn-níiมันmanเลยləəiน่วมnûuamเละléไปbpaiหลายlǎaiลูกlûukเลยləəi
I put something heavy on the bag of strawberries, so now many of them are squashed and mushy.
พอpɔɔทิ้งtíngขนมปังkà-nǒm-bpangแช่chɛ̂ɛไว้wáiในnaiนมnomเป็นเวลานานbpen-wee-laa-naanมันmanก็gɔ̂ดูดซับdùut-sápของเหลวkɔ̌ɔng-lěeoและlɛ́กลายเป็นglaai-bpenน่วมnûuamจนjonแทบจะtɛ̂ɛp-jàละลายlá-laai
After leaving the bread soaking in milk for a long time, it absorbed the liquid and became so soggy it almost dissolved.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
nûuam
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + Mai ek → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |