หัวข้อ
hǔua-kɔ̂ɔMeanings
1NounA2
topic; subject
a subject or theme for discussion, study, or writing
Examples
วันนี้wan-níiวันนี้wan-níi1today (time of speech)2today; this day3nowadays; at presentในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ชั้นเรียนchán-riianชั้นเรียนchán-riian1class; lesson; course session2class/group of students3class level; grade/yearเราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)คุยกันkui-ganคุยกันkui-gan1[to] talk together; chat2[to] discuss; talk things through; negotiate3[to] be talking (romantically); be seeing each other (informal)เรื่องrʉ̂ʉangเรื่องrʉ̂ʉang1matter; issue; subject2story; tale3classifier for stories/films/cases4about; regarding (as a topic marker)หัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔ1topic; subject2title; heading3item; list entryสิ่งแวดล้อมsìng-wɛ̂ɛt-lɔ́ɔmสิ่งแวดล้อมsìng-wɛ̂ɛt-lɔ́ɔm1environment; the environment (natural)2surroundings; environment (general)
Today in class, we talked about the topic of the environment.
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เมื่อวานmʉ̂ʉa-waanครูkruuให้เลือกhâi-lʉ̂ʉakหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔสำหรับsǎm-ràpรายงานraai-ngaanและlɛ́ฉันchǎnเลือกlʉ̂ʉakเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangอาหารaa-hǎanสุขภาพsùk-kà-pâap
Yesterday the teacher let us choose a topic for the report, and I chose healthy food.
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiเราraoจะjàประชุมbprà-chumโดยdooiมีmiiหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔหลักlàkคือkʉʉการประหยัดพลังงานgaan-bprà-yàt-pá-lang-ngaanในnaiสำนักงานsǎm-nák-ngaan
Tomorrow we will have a meeting, with the main topic being energy saving in the office.
สำหรับsǎm-ràpบทความbòt-kwaamนี้níiฉันchǎnจะjàวางกรอบwaang-grɔ̀ɔpหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔการทำงานgaan-tam-ngaanยืดหยุ่นyʉ̂ʉt-yùnและlɛ́ผลกระทบpǒn-grà-tópต่อdtɔ̀ɔคุณภาพชีวิตkun-ná-pâap-chii-wít
For this article, I will frame the topic of flexible work and its impact on quality of life.
2NounA2
title; heading
a line of text that names or introduces an article, section, slide, or list item
Examples
โปรดbpròotโปรดbpròot1please (formal/request)2favor; like; be fond of (formal)3favorite; preferredเขียนkǐianเขียนkǐian1[to] write2[to] draw; sketch3[to] fill out; write in4[to] compose; author5[to] write (data); burn (a disc)หัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔ1topic; subject2title; heading3item; list entryบทความbòt-kwaamบทความbòt-kwaamarticle; essayให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)สั้นsânสั้นsân1short (length)2short (time; brief)3conciseและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)ชัดเจนchát-jeenชัดเจนchát-jeen1clear; distinct; obvious2explicit; definite; unambiguous; unequivocal3clearly; explicitly; unambiguously
Please write the article’s headline to be short and clear.
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The first slide has the headline “Plan for Next Year.”
ฉันchǎnเพิ่มpə̂əmหัวข้อใหม่hǔua-kɔ̂ɔ-màiในnaiรายการraai-gaanเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiผู้pûuอ่านเข้าใจàan-kâo-jaiง่ายขึ้นngâai-kʉ̂n
I added a new heading in the list to make it easier for readers to understand.
ก่อนgɔ̀ɔnส่งsòngรายงานraai-ngaanเราraoต้องdtɔ̂ngจัดรูปแบบjàt-rûup-bɛ̀ɛpหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔแต่ละส่วนdtɛ̀ɛ-lá-sùuanให้hâiเหมือนกันmʉ̌ʉan-ganเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaความเป็นมืออาชีพkwaam-bpen-mʉʉ-aa-chîip
Before submitting the report, we must format the section headings consistently for professionalism.
3NounB1
item; list entry
an individual listed point or entry under a section or outline; a numbered item
Examples
โปรดbpròotโปรดbpròot1please (formal/request)2favor; like; be fond of (formal)3favorite; preferredตอบคำถามdtɔ̀ɔp-kam-tǎamตอบคำถามdtɔ̀ɔp-kam-tǎam[to] answer [a question]ตามdtaamตามdtaam1[to] follow; go after2according to; in accordance with3after; behind; in pursuit of4[to] comply with; abide by; obey5along; along (a path); following (direction)6[to] send for; fetch [sb]7[to] light; kindle (literary)หัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔ1topic; subject2title; heading3item; list entryที่หนึ่งtîi-nʉ̀ngที่หนึ่งtîi-nʉ̀ng1first; number one (ordinal)2first place; top rank3supremely; exceptionally; the best (postposed)ถึงtʉ̌ngถึงtʉ̌ng1to; until; up to2[to] arrive; reach3to; toward (recipient/goal)4even if; even though5as much as; as many as; to the point of6only then; then as a result (informal)7about; concerning; regardingหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔ1topic; subject2title; heading3item; list entryที่สามtîi-sǎamที่สามtîi-sǎam1third; 3rd (in order)2the third (one); third place
Please answer the questions for items one through three.
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ในnaiแบบฟอร์มbɛ̀ɛp-fɔɔmนี้níiให้hâiกรอกgrɔ̀ɔkเฉพาะchà-pɔ́หัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔที่tîiมีmiiเครื่องหมายkrʉ̂ʉang-mǎaiดอกdɔ̀ɔkจันjan
In this form, fill in only the items marked with an asterisk.
รายงานraai-ngaanแบ่งเป็นbɛ̀ng-bpenห้าhâaหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔโดยdooiหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔที่สี่tîi-sìiว่าด้วยwâa-dûuaiผลการทดลองpǒn-gaan-tót-lɔɔng
The report is divided into five items, with item four concerning the experimental results.
คู่มือkûu-mʉʉใช้งานchái-ngaanจัดเรียงjàt-riiangหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔเป็นลำดับbpen-lam-dàpเลขlêekเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiผู้อ่านpûu-àanอ้างอิงâang-ingแต่ละdtɛ̀ɛ-láหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔได้dâaiสะดวกsà-dùuak
The user manual arranges the items in numerical order so that readers can easily reference each item.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableA long vowel with no final consonant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
hǔua
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
ข้อkɔ̂ɔข้อkɔ̂ɔ1item; point; clause2classifier: items/points/clauses/questions3joint (anatomy)4condition; term5node; joint; segment (botany/zoology)item; point; clausePart 2
หัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔtopic; subjecttopic; subjectWord