หลักเมือง(làk meuuang)

Meanings

2NounB1

City Pillar Shrine

the shrine that houses the city pillar (ศาลหลักเมืองศาลหลักเมืองsăan làk meuuangcity pillar shrine); หลักเมืองหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrine is also used to refer to this place

3NounB2

city pillar; sacred pillar of a city

a sacred pillar established when founding a city, believed to protect or embody the city's spirit; often counted with the classifier 'หลักหลักlàk1main; principal; primary2principle; basis; foundation3post; pillar; stake4evidence; proof (legal/official; formal)5classifier for principles, courses, or main items'

Examples

หลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineของkŏngของkŏng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsจังหวัดjang-wàtจังหวัดjang-wàt1provincial; upcountry (attrib., often before nouns)2provinceนี้néeนี้née1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ทำจากtam jàakทำจากtam jàak1[to] be made of/from [sth]2[to] make [sth] from [sth]ไม้ชัยพฤกษ์mái chai-yá-prêukไม้ชัยพฤกษ์mái chai-yá-prêukpink shower tree; Javanese cassiaซึ่งsêungซึ่งsêung1which; that (relative pronoun)2which/and this; introducing explanationเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] be + set expressionsไม้máiไม้mái1wood; timber2tone/diacritic mark (Thai orthography)3prefix in tool/implement names4classifier (long, rigid objects)5stick; rod; club; batที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2that/which/who (relative marker)3at; in; to (before place/recipient)4when; the time that (time marker)5ordinal/degree marker6classifier: place/seat/slotมีmeeมีmee1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoชื่อchêuชื่อchêu1name2reputation; renown3[to] be named; be calledเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] be + set expressionsมงคลmong-konมงคลmong-kon1auspicious; propitious2auspicious thing/sign
The city pillar of this province is made from cassia wood, which is a wood with an auspicious name.
4NounB2

City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)

by metonymy, the shrine that houses the city pillar (ศาลหลักเมืองศาลหลักเมืองsăan làk meuuangcity pillar shrine)

Examples

ก่อนgònก่อนgòn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerเดินทางไกลdern taang glaiเดินทางไกลdern taang glai[to] travel farคนไทยkon taiคนไทยkon taiThai person; Thai people; Thai nationalนิยมní-yomนิยมní-yom1[to] favor; be popular; be in vogue2popularity; fashion; vogue3-ism; ideology; doctrine4custom; accepted usageไปไหว้bpai wâiไปไหว้bpai wâi[to] go pay respects; go make offeringsขอพรkŏr ponขอพรkŏr pon[to] ask for a blessing; make a wish; pray for blessingsที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2that/which/who (relative marker)3at; in; to (before place/recipient)4when; the time that (time marker)5ordinal/degree marker6classifier: place/seat/slotหลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-konความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-kon1auspiciousness2auspicious benefit; good fortune
Before a long journey, Thai people like to go pay respects and ask for blessings at the city pillar shrine for good fortune.
5NounB2

city pillar

a sacred pillar believed to protect a city, traditionally enshrined and venerated as a symbol of the city's spiritual foundation

Examples

เมื่อmêuuaเมื่อmêuua1when; at the time that2when (past time marker)ย้ายyáaiย้ายyáai1[to] move; relocate2[to] transfer (jobs; schools; departments)3[to] move houseมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2come to (result/state)3past/as of now aspect markerอยู่yòoอยู่yòo1to be (located); be at2progressive/continuative marker3[to] live; reside; stay4to exist; remainจังหวัดjang-wàtจังหวัดjang-wàt1provincial; upcountry (attrib., often before nouns)2provinceใหม่màiใหม่mài1new; not old2new; different; fresh3again; anew4new; inexperienced (novice)หลายคนlăai konหลายคนlăai konmany/several peopleนิยมní-yomนิยมní-yom1[to] favor; be popular; be in vogue2popularity; fashion; vogue3-ism; ideology; doctrine4custom; accepted usageไปไหว้bpai wâiไปไหว้bpai wâi[to] go pay respects; go make offeringsหลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-konความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-kon1auspiciousness2auspicious benefit; good fortune
When moving to a new province, many people like to pay respect to the city pillar for good fortune.
6NounB2

city pillar shrine (by metonymy)

the shrine housing the city pillar; a place of worship associated with the city's guardian spirit

Examples

ก่อนgònก่อนgòn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerเริ่มrêrmเริ่มrêrm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] cook; prepare food3[to] cause; make4[to] work; be employed5[to] act; behaveธุรกิจใหม่tú-rá-gìt màiธุรกิจใหม่tú-rá-gìt màinew business; startupเขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillไปไหว้bpai wâiไปไหว้bpai wâi[to] go pay respects; go make offeringsขอพรkŏr ponขอพรkŏr pon[to] ask for a blessing; make a wish; pray for blessingsที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2that/which/who (relative marker)3at; in; to (before place/recipient)4when; the time that (time marker)5ordinal/degree marker6classifier: place/seat/slotหลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-konความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-kon1auspiciousness2auspicious benefit; good fortune
Before starting a new business, he went to pray for blessings at the city pillar shrine for good fortune.
7NounB2

city pillar (founding sacred pillar)

the consecrated pillar erected when founding a city, believed to protect the city; typically enshrined and venerated

Examples

ตามdtaamตามdtaam1[to] follow; go after2[to] comply with; abide by; obey3according to; in accordance with4along; along (a path); following (direction)5after; behind; in pursuit of6as; in the capacity of (ตามที่/ตามฐานะ)ประเพณีโบราณbprà-pay-nee boh-raanประเพณีโบราณbprà-pay-nee boh-raanancient traditionเมื่อmêuuaเมื่อmêuua1when; at the time that2when (past time marker)สร้างsâangสร้างsâang1[to] build; construct2[to] create; produce3[to] establish; found4[to] generate; developเมืองmeuuangเมืองmeuuang1country; state (literary/archaic)2region; realm (historical)3city; town; urban areaใหม่màiใหม่mài1new; not old2new; different; fresh3again; anew4new; inexperienced (novice)จะต้องjà dtôngจะต้องjà dtông1must; have to; be obliged to2be certain/inevitableมีmeeมีmee1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoพิธีpí-teeพิธีpí-tee1ceremony; rite2ritual; observance3formal procedure; protocolตั้งdtângตั้งdtâng1[to] set up; establish; found2[to] appoint; nominate3[to] put aside; save (money)4[to] aim; focus (eyes, mind)5classifier: sets; collections; installations6[to] set; fix (value, rule, goal)7[to] place upright; stand; erect8stack; pile; bundle9as much as; as many asเสาหลักเมืองsăo làk meuuangเสาหลักเมืองsăo làk meuuangcity pillar
According to ancient tradition, when a new city is founded, there must be a ceremony to erect the city pillar.
8NounB2

City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)

the shrine or place housing the city pillar (ศาลหลักเมืองศาลหลักเมืองsăan làk meuuangcity pillar shrine)

Examples

ทุกครั้งที่túk kráng têeทุกครั้งที่túk kráng têewhenever; every time thatฉันchănฉันchăn1I; me (1st person pronoun)2[to] eat (polite/old-fashioned)กลับบ้านglàp bâanกลับบ้านglàp bâan[to] go (back) home; return homeต่างจังหวัดdtàang jang-wàtต่างจังหวัดdtàang jang-wàt1provincial; out-of-town2upcountry; outside the capitalแม่mâeแม่mâe1mother; mom2madam; ma’am (rural/archaic)3prefix: female; main; baseจะจะ1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3then; would (result in conditionals)ชวนchuanชวนchuan1[to] invite; ask [sb] along2[to] urge; persuade; encourage3inviting; tempting (attributive use; not standalone)4tend to; apt to (in compounds; auxiliary use)ไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3(aspect) continuation into the future4gone; past (serial verb use)ทำบุญtam bunทำบุญtam bun1[to] make merit; perform religious good deeds2hold a merit-making ceremonyที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2that/which/who (relative marker)3at; in; to (before place/recipient)4when; the time that (time marker)5ordinal/degree marker6classifier: place/seat/slotศาลหลักเมืองsăan làk meuuangศาลหลักเมืองsăan làk meuuangcity pillar shrineเสมอsà-mĕrเสมอsà-mĕr1always; invariably2constantly; habitually3equal; level; even4[to] draw; [to] tie
Every time I return to my home province, my mom always asks me to go make merit at the City Pillar Shrine.
9NounB2

city pillar

a sacred pillar set when founding a city, regarded as its ceremonial foundation and spiritual protector

Examples

คนไทยkon taiคนไทยkon taiThai person; Thai people; Thai nationalเชื่อว่าchêuua wâaเชื่อว่าchêuua wâa1[to] believe (that) ...2it is believed that ...หลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] be + set expressionsเสาหลักsăo làkเสาหลักsăo làk1main pillar; principal column2mainstay; pillar; backbone (figurative)3pillar of the family; breadwinnerที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2that/which/who (relative marker)3at; in; to (before place/recipient)4when; the time that (time marker)5ordinal/degree marker6classifier: place/seat/slotคุ้มkúmคุ้มkúm1to guard; protect2under protection; protected3spirit guardian (Northern/Isan)4worth it; good valueครองเมืองkrong meuuangครองเมืองkrong meuuang1[to] rule a city; [to] control a city2[to] dominate; [to] be widespreadให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] have [sb] do; cause to3for (benefit of)4so that; in order to5until; to the point that (result)6[to] allow; let; permitสงบสุขsà-ngòp sùkสงบสุขsà-ngòp sùk1peaceful; tranquil and content2peace; tranquility; peacefulness
Thai people believe the city pillar is a sacred pillar that protects the city and keeps it peaceful.
10NounB2

city pillar shrine

the shrine that houses the city pillar (ศาลหลักเมืองศาลหลักเมืองsăan làk meuuangcity pillar shrine), a place of worship and civic symbolism

Examples

คนไทยkon taiคนไทยkon taiThai person; Thai people; Thai nationalจำนวนมากjam-nuuan mâakจำนวนมากjam-nuuan mâak1many; numerous; a large amount/number2in large numbers/amountsนิยมní-yomนิยมní-yom1[to] favor; be popular; be in vogue2popularity; fashion; vogue3-ism; ideology; doctrine4custom; accepted usageไปไหว้bpai wâiไปไหว้bpai wâi[to] go pay respects; go make offeringsหลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofขอพรkŏr ponขอพรkŏr pon[to] ask for a blessing; make a wish; pray for blessingsให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] have [sb] do; cause to3for (benefit of)4so that; in order to5until; to the point that (result)6[to] allow; let; permitชีวิตchee-wítชีวิตchee-wít1life (one’s life; way of living)2lifetime; lifespan3life (state of being alive)มีmeeมีmee1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoความมั่นคงkwaam mân kongความมั่นคงkwaam mân kong1stability; steadiness2security (esp. national)
Many Thai people like to go pay respects at the city pillar shrine to ask for stability in their lives.
12NounB2

City Pillar Shrine

the shrine or site housing the city pillar

Examples

นักท่องเที่ยวnák tông tîaoนักท่องเที่ยวnák tông tîaotouristส่วนใหญ่sùuan yàiส่วนใหญ่sùuan yài1the majority; most2most (of); the majority of3mostly; mainly; largelyที่มาtêe maaที่มาtêe maa1background; provenance; etymology2source; reference (citation)3origin; sourceจังหวัดjang-wàtจังหวัดjang-wàt1provincial; upcountry (attrib., often before nouns)2provinceนี้néeนี้née1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)มักจะmák jàมักจะmák jà1often; usually (habit/frequency)2tend to; be apt/prone to (general tendency)แวะไปwáe bpaiแวะไปwáe bpai[to] stop by; [to] drop in [somewhere]ไหว้wâiไหว้wâi1[to] wai; pay respect with palms together2wai (gesture)หลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofขอพรkŏr ponขอพรkŏr pon[to] ask for a blessing; make a wish; pray for blessings
Most tourists who come to this province usually stop by to pay respect at the City Pillar Shrine to ask for blessings.
13NounB2

city pillar (literal)

A sacred pillar that represents and protects a city, usually kept in a shrine and seen as the city’s spiritual center.

14NounB2

city pillar; auspicious founding pillar

A sacred pillar erected when a city is founded, believed to embody protective spirits and safeguard the city.

15NounB2

City Pillar Shrine (by extension)

By extension, the shrine that houses the city pillar (ศาลหลักเมืองศาลหลักเมืองsăan làk meuuangcity pillar shrine).

Examples

ก่อนgònก่อนgòn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerไปทำงานbpai tam ngaanไปทำงานbpai tam ngaan[to] go to workที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2that/which/who (relative marker)3at; in; to (before place/recipient)4when; the time that (time marker)5ordinal/degree marker6classifier: place/seat/slotจังหวัดjang-wàtจังหวัดjang-wàt1provincial; upcountry (attrib., often before nouns)2provinceใหม่màiใหม่mài1new; not old2new; different; fresh3again; anew4new; inexperienced (novice)เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillแวะไปwáe bpaiแวะไปwáe bpai[to] stop by; [to] drop in [somewhere]ไหว้wâiไหว้wâi1[to] wai; pay respect with palms together2wai (gesture)หลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-konความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-kon1auspiciousness2auspicious benefit; good fortune
Before going to work in the new province, he stopped by to pay respects at the city pillar shrine for good fortune.
16NounB2

city pillar

the ceremonial pillar erected to symbolize and protect a city, traditionally set during the city's founding

Examples

สมัยก่อนsà-măi gònสมัยก่อนsà-măi gòn1the old days; former times2formerly; in the past; back thenเมื่อmêuuaเมื่อmêuua1when; at the time that2when (past time marker)จะจะ1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3then; would (result in conditionals)สร้างsâangสร้างsâang1[to] build; construct2[to] create; produce3[to] establish; found4[to] generate; developเมืองmeuuangเมืองmeuuang1country; state (literary/archaic)2region; realm (historical)3city; town; urban areaใหม่màiใหม่mài1new; not old2new; different; fresh3again; anew4new; inexperienced (novice)จะต้องjà dtôngจะต้องjà dtông1must; have to; be obliged to2be certain/inevitableมีmeeมีmee1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoพิธีpí-teeพิธีpí-tee1ceremony; rite2ritual; observance3formal procedure; protocolตั้งdtângตั้งdtâng1[to] set up; establish; found2[to] appoint; nominate3[to] put aside; save (money)4[to] aim; focus (eyes, mind)5classifier: sets; collections; installations6[to] set; fix (value, rule, goal)7[to] place upright; stand; erect8stack; pile; bundle9as much as; as many asหลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-konความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-kon1auspiciousness2auspicious benefit; good fortune
In the past, when building a new city, there had to be a ceremony to erect the city pillar for auspiciousness.
17NounB2

city pillar shrine

the shrine that houses the city pillar (ศาลหลักเมืองศาลหลักเมืองsăan làk meuuangcity pillar shrine)

Examples

คนkonคนkon1person; human2people (as a group)3person; human being (as prefix-like element)4classifier: peopleนิยมní-yomนิยมní-yom1[to] favor; be popular; be in vogue2popularity; fashion; vogue3-ism; ideology; doctrine4custom; accepted usageไปไหว้bpai wâiไปไหว้bpai wâi[to] go pay respects; go make offeringsหลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofขอพรkŏr ponขอพรkŏr pon[to] ask for a blessing; make a wish; pray for blessingsให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] have [sb] do; cause to3for (benefit of)4so that; in order to5until; to the point that (result)6[to] allow; let; permitชีวิตchee-wítชีวิตchee-wít1life (one’s life; way of living)2lifetime; lifespan3life (state of being alive)มั่นคงmân kongมั่นคงmân kong1stable; steady2secure (finance/job/state)3stability; securityและláeและláeand (coordinating)เจริญรุ่งเรืองjà-rern rûng reuuangเจริญรุ่งเรืองjà-rern rûng reuuang1prosperous; flourishing2[to] prosper; thrive; flourish
People like to go pay respects at the city pillar shrine to ask for blessings for a stable and prosperous life.
18NounB2

mainstay; keystone (figurative)

figurative: a person or thing regarded as the core support or stabilizing force of a community or institution

Examples

เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเปรียบเสมือนbprìiap sà-mĕuuanเปรียบเสมือนbprìiap sà-mĕuuan[to] be likened to; [to] be analogous to; [to] be as ifหลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineของkŏngของkŏng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsบริษัทbò-rí-sàtบริษัทbò-rí-sàtcompany; firm; corporationนี้néeนี้née1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ถ้าtâaถ้าtâa1if; in case2if only; provided that (conditional emphasis)เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillลาออกlaa òkลาออกlaa òk[to] resign; quit; withdrawไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3(aspect) continuation into the future4gone; past (serial verb use)บริษัทbò-rí-sàtบริษัทbò-rí-sàtcompany; firm; corporationต้องdtôngต้องdtông1must; have to2should; likely to; bound to3correct; rightแย่yâeแย่yâe1terrible; awful (intensified)2[to] be in a bad way3bad; poorแน่ๆnâe nâeแน่ๆnâe nâedefinitely; for sure; certainly
He's like the pillar of this company; if he were to resign, the company would surely be in trouble.
19NounB2

city pillar; shrine

The sacred pillar installed at a city's founding, and by extension the shrine that houses it (ศาลหลักเมืองศาลหลักเมืองsăan làk meuuangcity pillar shrine), believed to protect the city.

Examples

ก่อนgònก่อนgòn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerเริ่มrêrmเริ่มrêrm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toทำธุรกิจtam tú-rá-gìtทำธุรกิจtam tú-rá-gìt[to] do business; run/operate a business; engage in commerceในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of (formal/official)จังหวัดjang-wàtจังหวัดjang-wàt1provincial; upcountry (attrib., often before nouns)2provinceใหม่màiใหม่mài1new; not old2new; different; fresh3again; anew4new; inexperienced (novice)เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillก็gâwก็gâw1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3even; after all (emphasis/justification)4conditional marker (if… then…)5topic/resumption markerไปไหว้bpai wâiไปไหว้bpai wâi[to] go pay respects; go make offeringsหลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-konความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-kon1auspiciousness2auspicious benefit; good fortune
Before starting a new business in a new province, he went to pay respects at the city pillar shrine for good fortune.
20NounB2

city pillar

a consecrated pillar marking the founding center of a city, traditionally believed to house the city's protective spirit (Thai tradition)

Examples

When the new city was founded, they held a ceremony to erect the city pillar.
21NounB2

City Pillar Shrine

the shrine that houses or centers the city pillar; a place of civic and spiritual significance

Examples

นักท่องเที่ยวnák tông tîaoนักท่องเที่ยวnák tông tîaotouristส่วนใหญ่sùuan yàiส่วนใหญ่sùuan yài1the majority; most2most (of); the majority of3mostly; mainly; largelyที่มาtêe maaที่มาtêe maa1background; provenance; etymology2source; reference (citation)3origin; sourceจังหวัดjang-wàtจังหวัดjang-wàt1provincial; upcountry (attrib., often before nouns)2provinceนี้néeนี้née1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ต้องdtôngต้องdtông1must; have to2should; likely to; bound to3correct; rightแวะไปwáe bpaiแวะไปwáe bpai[to] stop by; [to] drop in [somewhere]ไหว้wâiไหว้wâi1[to] wai; pay respect with palms together2wai (gesture)หลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-konความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-kon1auspiciousness2auspicious benefit; good fortune
Most tourists who come to this province must stop by to pay respects at the City Pillar Shrine for good fortune.
22NounB2

city pillar

a sacred pillar marking a city’s founding and believed to be its spiritual center and protector in Thai tradition

Examples

หลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineคือkeuคือkeu1to be (definition/identification)2namely; that is; i.e.3focus/clarifying marker after subjectสิ่งที่sìng têeสิ่งที่sìng têethe thing that; whatสร้างขึ้นsâang kêunสร้างขึ้นsâang kêun1[to] build; erect2[to] create; establish; set upเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] be + set expressionsอย่างแรกyàang râekอย่างแรกyàang râek1firstly; first of all2the first thingเมื่อmêuuaเมื่อmêuua1when; at the time that2when (past time marker)จะจะ1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3then; would (result in conditionals)สร้างsâangสร้างsâang1[to] build; construct2[to] create; produce3[to] establish; found4[to] generate; developเมืองmeuuangเมืองmeuuang1country; state (literary/archaic)2region; realm (historical)3city; town; urban areaใหม่màiใหม่mài1new; not old2new; different; fresh3again; anew4new; inexperienced (novice)ตามdtaamตามdtaam1[to] follow; go after2[to] comply with; abide by; obey3according to; in accordance with4along; along (a path); following (direction)5after; behind; in pursuit of6as; in the capacity of (ตามที่/ตามฐานะ)ธรรมเนียมโบราณtam-niiam boh-raanธรรมเนียมโบราณtam-niiam boh-raanancient custom; old tradition
The city pillar is the first thing erected when building a new city according to ancient tradition.
23NounB2

city pillar

the ceremonial pillar erected as the spiritual foundation and protector of a city

Examples

หลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineของkŏngของkŏng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsกรุงเทพฯgrung-têpกรุงเทพฯgrung-têpBangkok (capital of Thailand)ทำจากtam jàakทำจากtam jàak1[to] be made of/from [sth]2[to] make [sth] from [sth]ไม้ชัยพฤกษ์mái chai-yá-prêukไม้ชัยพฤกษ์mái chai-yá-prêukpink shower tree; Javanese cassiaและláeและláeand (coordinating)ถูกtòokถูกtòok1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3proper; morally right4to be correct/right5[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)6by (passive marker)ตั้งขึ้นdtâng kûenตั้งขึ้นdtâng kûen1[to] establish; found; set up [sth]2[to] erect; put upright; raise [sth]3[to] constitute; designate; institute [sth] asในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of (formal/official)สมัยsà-măiสมัยsà-măi1period; era; age2term; tenure3modern; contemporary4during; in the time ofรัชกาลrát-chá-gaanรัชกาลrát-chá-gaanreign (of a monarch); specific numbered reignที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2that/which/who (relative marker)3at; in; to (before place/recipient)4when; the time that (time marker)5ordinal/degree marker6classifier: place/seat/slot1
The city pillar of Bangkok is made of cassia wood and was erected during the reign of King Rama I.
24NounB2

City Pillar Shrine (by extension)

by extension, the shrine where the city pillar is housed

Examples

คนkonคนkon1person; human2people (as a group)3person; human being (as prefix-like element)4classifier: peopleนิยมní-yomนิยมní-yom1[to] favor; be popular; be in vogue2popularity; fashion; vogue3-ism; ideology; doctrine4custom; accepted usageไปไหว้bpai wâiไปไหว้bpai wâi[to] go pay respects; go make offeringsหลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofขอพรkŏr ponขอพรkŏr pon[to] ask for a blessing; make a wish; pray for blessingsให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] have [sb] do; cause to3for (benefit of)4so that; in order to5until; to the point that (result)6[to] allow; let; permitชีวิตchee-wítชีวิตchee-wít1life (one’s life; way of living)2lifetime; lifespan3life (state of being alive)มีความสุขmee kwaam sùkมีความสุขmee kwaam sùk[to] be happyความเจริญkwaam jà-rernความเจริญkwaam jà-rern1progress; development2prosperity; flourishing3modern amenities; civilization4personal or spiritual growth
People like to go to the city pillar shrine to pray for a happy and prosperous life.
25NounB2

city pillar

The sacred pillar that symbolizes and marks the foundation of a city (particularly in Thailand).

Examples

คนไทยkon taiคนไทยkon taiThai person; Thai people; Thai nationalเชื่อว่าchêuua wâaเชื่อว่าchêuua wâa1[to] believe (that) ...2it is believed that ...หลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] be + set expressionsศูนย์รวมจิตใจsŏon ruuam jìt-jaiศูนย์รวมจิตใจsŏon ruuam jìt-jaispiritual anchor; focal point of unityและláeและláeand (coordinating)ช่วยchûuaiช่วยchûuai1please (polite request)2[to] save; rescue [sb]3[to] help; assist [sb/sth]ปกป้องคุ้มครองbpòk bpông kúm krongปกป้องคุ้มครองbpòk bpông kúm krong[to] protect; safeguard; defend [sb]/[sth]เมืองmeuuangเมืองmeuuang1country; state (literary/archaic)2region; realm (historical)3city; town; urban areaให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] have [sb] do; cause to3for (benefit of)4so that; in order to5until; to the point that (result)6[to] allow; let; permitพ้นจากpón jàakพ้นจากpón jàak[to] be free from [sth]; [to] escape from [sth]ภัยpaiภัยpai1danger; hazard; threat2disaster; calamityอันตรายan-dtà-raaiอันตรายan-dtà-raai1danger; hazard2dangerous; hazardous
Thai people believe that the city pillar is the spiritual center and helps protect the city from danger.
26NounB2

City Pillar Shrine

The shrine that houses the city pillar and serves as a place of worship (ศาลหลักเมืองศาลหลักเมืองsăan làk meuuangcity pillar shrine).

Examples

คนkonคนkon1person; human2people (as a group)3person; human being (as prefix-like element)4classifier: peopleนิยมní-yomนิยมní-yom1[to] favor; be popular; be in vogue2popularity; fashion; vogue3-ism; ideology; doctrine4custom; accepted usageไปไหว้bpai wâiไปไหว้bpai wâi[to] go pay respects; go make offeringsขอพรkŏr ponขอพรkŏr pon[to] ask for a blessing; make a wish; pray for blessingsที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2that/which/who (relative marker)3at; in; to (before place/recipient)4when; the time that (time marker)5ordinal/degree marker6classifier: place/seat/slotหลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineก่อนจะgòn jàก่อนจะgòn jàbefore; just before (introducing an earlier action)เริ่มrêrmเริ่มrêrm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toทำอะไรtam à-raiทำอะไรtam à-raiwhat are you doing?ใหม่ๆmài màiใหม่ๆmài mài1recently; just; newly2very new; brand-new3fresh; just-made/just-picked4at first; initiallyเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-konความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-kon1auspiciousness2auspicious benefit; good fortune
People like to go to the City Pillar Shrine to pray for blessings before starting something new, for good fortune.
29NounB2

cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)

A person, thing, or principle considered the stabilizing foundation of a community, organization, or nation.

Examples

ผู้อาวุโสpôo aa-wú-sŏhผู้อาวุโสpôo aa-wú-sŏhsenior; elderในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of (formal/official)หมู่บ้านmòo bâanหมู่บ้านmòo bâan1village; hamlet2housing estate; gated communityท่านtâanท่านtâan1you (formal/polite)2he; she (honorific)3sir; madam4honorific title5classifier (polite for persons)นี้néeนี้née1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)เป็นเหมือนbpen mĕuuanเป็นเหมือนbpen mĕuuan1[to] be like; resemble [sb/sth]; be similar to [sb/sth]2[to] amount to; be tantamount to; be effectively equivalent to [sth]หลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2that/which/who (relative marker)3at; in; to (before place/recipient)4when; the time that (time marker)5ordinal/degree marker6classifier: place/seat/slotทุกคนtúk konทุกคนtúk koneveryone; everybodyให้ความเคารพhâi kwaam kao-rópให้ความเคารพhâi kwaam kao-róp[to] respect [sb/sth]; [to] show respect [to sb/sth]; [to] pay respect(s) [to sb/sth]
This village elder is like a stabilizing foundation that everyone respects.
30NounB2

city pillar; founding pillar

The sacred city pillar set when a city is founded in Thai tradition. It marks the city’s foundation and is believed to protect the city.

Examples

ตามdtaamตามdtaam1[to] follow; go after2[to] comply with; abide by; obey3according to; in accordance with4along; along (a path); following (direction)5after; behind; in pursuit of6as; in the capacity of (ตามที่/ตามฐานะ)ความเชื่อโบราณkwaam chûuea boh-raanความเชื่อโบราณkwaam chûuea boh-raanancient belief; traditional beliefหลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineถูกtòokถูกtòok1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3proper; morally right4to be correct/right5[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)6by (passive marker)สร้างขึ้นsâang kêunสร้างขึ้นsâang kêun1[to] build; erect2[to] create; establish; set upเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofเป็นสิริมงคลbpen sì-rì mong-konเป็นสิริมงคลbpen sì-rì mong-konauspicious; bringing good luckและláeและláeand (coordinating)ปกป้องคุ้มครองbpòk bpông kúm krongปกป้องคุ้มครองbpòk bpông kúm krong[to] protect; safeguard; defend [sb]/[sth]เมืองmeuuangเมืองmeuuang1country; state (literary/archaic)2region; realm (historical)3city; town; urban area
According to ancient beliefs, the city pillar was erected for auspiciousness and to protect the city.
31NounC1

mainstay; linchpin (figurative)

Someone or something seen as a key support of a community or country.

Examples

ท่านtâanท่านtâan1you (formal/polite)2he; she (honorific)3sir; madam4honorific title5classifier (polite for persons)ผู้ใหญ่บ้านpôo yài bâanผู้ใหญ่บ้านpôo yài bâanvillage head; village chiefเป็นเหมือนbpen mĕuuanเป็นเหมือนbpen mĕuuan1[to] be like; resemble [sb/sth]; be similar to [sb/sth]2[to] amount to; be tantamount to; be effectively equivalent to [sth]หลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2that/which/who (relative marker)3at; in; to (before place/recipient)4when; the time that (time marker)5ordinal/degree marker6classifier: place/seat/slotคอยkoiคอยkoi1[to] wait (for [sb]/[sth])2keep (doing); keep on (doing)3[to] be on standby; be readyช่วยเหลือchûuai-lĕuuaช่วยเหลือchûuai-lĕuua1[to] help; assist2aid; assistance; support3to rescue; to provide reliefและláeและláeand (coordinating)เป็นที่bpen têeเป็นที่bpen têe1grammatical marker: widely/commonly; object of2[to] be/serve as a place (for…)พึ่งpêungพึ่งpêung[to] rely on; depend on; lean onให้กับhâi gàpให้กับhâi gàpto; for (recipient/beneficiary)คนkonคนkon1person; human2people (as a group)3person; human being (as prefix-like element)4classifier: peopleในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of (formal/official)ชุมชนchum-chonชุมชนchum-chon1community2community (online/interest-based)
The village headman is like the pillar of the community, always helping and providing support for the people.
32NounC1

mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)

something regarded as a fundamental support of the state or community; a vital institution or safeguard

33NounC1

City Pillar Shrine

By extension, the shrine that houses the city pillar (ศาลหลักเมืองศาลหลักเมืองsăan làk meuuangcity pillar shrine).

Examples

ก่อนจะgòn jàก่อนจะgòn jàbefore; just before (introducing an earlier action)เริ่มrêrmเริ่มrêrm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] cook; prepare food3[to] cause; make4[to] work; be employed5[to] act; behaveธุรกิจใหม่tú-rá-gìt màiธุรกิจใหม่tú-rá-gìt màinew business; startupหลายคนlăai konหลายคนlăai konmany/several peopleนิยมní-yomนิยมní-yom1[to] favor; be popular; be in vogue2popularity; fashion; vogue3-ism; ideology; doctrine4custom; accepted usageไปไหว้bpai wâiไปไหว้bpai wâi[to] go pay respects; go make offeringsขอพรkŏr ponขอพรkŏr pon[to] ask for a blessing; make a wish; pray for blessingsที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2that/which/who (relative marker)3at; in; to (before place/recipient)4when; the time that (time marker)5ordinal/degree marker6classifier: place/seat/slotหลักเมืองlàk meuuangหลักเมืองlàk meuuang1city pillar2City Pillar Shrine3city pillar (literal)4mainstay; linchpin (figurative)5city pillar; auspicious founding pillar6City Pillar Shrine (by extension)7city pillar shrine8city pillar (protective)9mainstay; keystone (figurative)10city pillar; sacred pillar of a city11City Pillar Shrine (by metonymy)12city pillar shrine (by metonymy)13city pillar (founding sacred pillar)14mainstay; cornerstone (figurative)15cornerstone; mainstay (figurative)16city pillar; founding pillar17city pillar; shrineเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-konความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam bpen sì-rí-mong-kon1auspiciousness2auspicious benefit; good fortune
Before starting a new business, many people like to go pay respect and ask for blessings at the City Pillar Shrine for good fortune.