ฝืน
fʉ̌ʉnMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] force oneself; push through; tough it out
To make oneself do something despite reluctance, pain, or difficulty.
Examples
เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเหนื่อยมากnèuua-i mâakเหนื่อยมากnèuua-i mâakvery tired; exhaustedแต่dtàeแต่dtàe1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)ก็gâwก็gâw1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerฝืนfĕuunฝืนfĕuun1[to] force oneself; push through; tough it out2[to] resist; go against3[to be] forced; unnatural; strainedอ่านหนังสือàan năng-sĕuอ่านหนังสือàan năng-sĕu[to] read; [to] studyต่อdtòต่อdtò1[to] continue; go on2per; each (rate/unit)3[to] connect; attach; join4[to] bargain; haggle5[to] renew; extendจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofจบjòpจบjòp1[to] end; be over2[to] complete; finish (an activity/task)3finished; over; done4[to] graduateบทbòtบทbòt1chapter; section2lesson (unit of study)3role; part (acting)4script/text; lyrics5clause; provision (law/regulation)6role; duty; function
He was very tired but forced himself to keep studying until finishing the chapter.
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ปวดหัวbpùuat-hǔuaอยู่yùuแต่dtɛ̀ɛเธอtəəก็gɔ̂ฝืนfʉ̌ʉnไปทำงานbpai-tam-ngaanเพราะprɔ́มีmiiกำหนดส่งgam-nòt-sòng
She had a headache but forced herself to go to work because of a deadline.
ผมpǒmฝืนfʉ̌ʉnซ้อมsɔ́ɔmต่อdtɔ̀ɔแม้mɛ́ɛกล้ามเนื้อglâam-nʉ́ʉaจะjàล้าláaเพราะprɔ́อยากyàakผ่านpàanการคัดตัวgaan-kát-dtuuaครั้งนี้kráng-níi
I forced myself to keep practicing even though my muscles were fatigued because I wanted to pass this tryout.
เธอtəəฝืนfʉ̌ʉnคุยkuiกับgàpแขกkɛ̀ɛkทั้งคืนtáng-kʉʉnทั้งที่táng-tîiเพิ่งpə̂ngผ่าpàaฟันคุดfan-kútและlɛ́เจ็บjèpมากmâak
She forced herself to chat with guests all night even though she had just had a wisdom tooth removed and was in a lot of pain.
2VerbB2
[to] resist; go against
To act or move contrary to rules, advice, feelings, or conditions; to resist or defy (e.g., ฝืนคำสั่ง, ฝืนธรรมชาติ, ฝืนกระแส).
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillถูกtùukถูกtùuk1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3to be correct/right4proper; morally right5[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)6passive marker (often adverse)เตือนdtʉʉanเตือนdtʉʉan1[to] remind2[to] warn3[to] caution; admonishแล้วแต่lɛ́ɛo-dtɛ̀ɛแล้วแต่lɛ́ɛo-dtɛ̀ɛ1up to; depends on2as per; according toยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)ฝืนfʉ̌ʉnฝืนfʉ̌ʉn1[to] force oneself; push through; tough it out2[to] resist; go against3[to be] forced; unnatural; strainedกฎจราจรgòt-jà-raa-jɔɔnกฎจราจรgòt-jà-raa-jɔɔntraffic laws; traffic rulesขับkàpขับkàp1[to] drive; operate (a vehicle)2[to] expel; drive out; repel3[to] sing; chant (traditional)4[to] excrete; secrete; emitย้อนศรyɔ́ɔn-sɔ̌ɔnย้อนศรyɔ́ɔn-sɔ̌ɔn1[to] drive against traffic2[to] go against the flow; buck the trend (figurative)เข้าไปkâo-bpaiเข้าไปkâo-bpai1[to] go in; enter (away from the speaker)2directional complement: into; in (away from speaker)
He was warned but still defied traffic rules by driving against the flow.
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อย่าyàaฝืนfʉ̌ʉnคำkamสั่งของsàng-kɔ̌ɔngครูkruuเพราะprɔ́เป็นระเบียบbpen-rá-bìiapเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaความปลอดภัยkwaam-bplɔ̀ɔt-paiของkɔ̌ɔngทุกคนtúk-kon
Don't defy the teacher’s instructions, as they are rules for everyone’s safety.
บริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiไม่mâiฝืนfʉ̌ʉnกระแสตลาดgrà-sɛ̌ɛ-dtà-làatและlɛ́ชะลอchá-lɔɔการเปิดตัวgaan-bpə̀ət-dtuuaสินค้าsǐn-káaใหม่mài
The company decided not to go against market trends and delayed the launch of the new product.
โครงการkroong-gaanผันpǎnน้ำnáamนี้níiถูกtùukวิจารณ์wí-jaanว่าwâaฝืนfʉ̌ʉnธรรมชาติtam-má-châatและlɛ́เสี่ยงsìiangต่อdtɔ̀ɔระบบนิเวศrá-bòp-ní-wêet
This water diversion project is criticized for defying nature and risking the ecosystem.
3AdjectiveB2
[to be] forced; unnatural; strained
Of behavior, speech, or expression: appearing forced or not natural (e.g., ยิ้มฝืน ๆ).
Examples
เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillยิ้มyímยิ้มyím1[to] smile2smileฝืนfĕuunฝืนfĕuun1[to] force oneself; push through; tough it out2[to] resist; go against3[to be] forced; unnatural; strainedๆ-ตอนdtonตอนdton1section; part2episode; chapter3when; at the time (of)4time segment; periodถ่ายรูปtàai rôopถ่ายรูปtàai rôop[to] take a photo; photograph [sb/sth]เพราะpráwเพราะpráw1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)ไม่สบายใจmâi sà-baai jaiไม่สบายใจmâi sà-baai jai1uneasy; worried; troubled2[to] feel uneasy/worried (about [sth])
He forced a smile in the photo because he still felt uneasy.
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เธอterหัวเราะhŭua róแบบbàepฝืนfĕuunๆ-ให้hâiจบjòpเรื่องrêuuangแม้máeในใจnai jaiจะjàไม่mâiขำkămเลยloie
She laughed in a forced way to end the matter, even though she didn’t find it funny.
คำชมkam chomของเขาkŏng kăoฟังดูfang dooฝืนfĕuunๆ-ราวกับraao gàpพูดpôotไปbpaiอย่างนั้นyàang nánไม่ได้mâi dâaiมาmaaจากใจจริงjàak jai jing
His compliment sounded forced, as if he was just saying it without sincerity.
สีหน้าsĕe nâaฝืนfĕuunๆ-ของkŏngเธอterบอกbòkได้dâiทันทีtan teeว่าwâaไม่ได้mâi dâaiสบายดีsà-baai diiแม้máeจะjàพยายามpà-yaa-yaamทำtamเป็นปกติbpen bpòk-gà-dtì
Her forced expression made it clear she wasn’t okay, even though she tried to act normal.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
fʉ̌ʉn
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |