ชรา
chá-raaMeanings
1AdjectiveB1
elderly (formal)
old in age; elderly (formal or written style)
Examples
ท่านtânท่านtân1you (formal/polite)2he; she (honorific)3sir; madam4honorific title5classifier (polite for persons)ชายชราchaai-chá-raaชายชราchaai-chá-raaelderly man; old manต้องการdtɔ̂ng-gaanต้องการdtɔ̂ng-gaan1[to] want; desire2[to] need; requireที่นั่งtîi-nângที่นั่งtîi-nâng1seat; place to sit2seat (classifier)ใกล้glâiใกล้glâi1near; close (in distance/time/resemblance)2[to] be near; be close toประตูbprà-dtuuประตูbprà-dtuu1door; gate; portal2goal (structure or score)3classifier: doors; gates; goals
The elderly gentleman needs a seat near the door.
3 more examplesShow less
This village has more elderly people every year.
She volunteered to care for elderly patients at the nursing home.
นโยบายná-yoh-baaiใหม่màiมุ่งmûngคุ้มครองสิทธิkúm krong sìtของkŏngประชาชนbprà-chaa-chonชราchá-raaให้ได้hâi dâiรับrápบริการสาธารณสุขbo-rí-gaan săa-taa-rá-ná-sùkที่เหมาะสมtêe mò-sŏm
The new policy aims to protect the rights of the elderly to receive appropriate public health services.
2NounB2
old age (formal)
the state or condition of being old; senescence (formal or medical context)
Examples
แพทย์pɛ̂ɛtแพทย์pɛ̂ɛt1doctor; physician2medical (attrib.; in compounds)อธิบายà-tí-baaiอธิบายà-tí-baai[to] explain; clarifyว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeชราchá-raaชราchá-raa1elderly (formal)2old age (formal)เป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)กระบวนการgrà-buuan-gaanกระบวนการgrà-buuan-gaanprocess; procedureตามธรรมชาติdtaam-tam-má-châatตามธรรมชาติdtaam-tam-má-châat1naturally; by nature2natural; not artificialที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerเซลล์seelเซลล์seel1cell (biology)2cell (electrical)เสื่อมลงsʉ̀ʉam-longเสื่อมลงsʉ̀ʉam-long[to] deteriorate; [to] declineอย่างค่อยเป็นค่อยไปyàang-kɔ̂i-bpen-kɔ̂i-bpaiอย่างค่อยเป็นค่อยไปyàang-kɔ̂i-bpen-kɔ̂i-bpaigradually; step by step
The doctor explained that senescence is a natural process in which cells gradually deteriorate.
3 more examplesShow less
งานวิจัยngaan-wí-jaiนี้níiศึกษาsʉ̀k-sǎaปัจจัยbpàt-jaiที่tîiเร่งrêngการgaanชราchá-raaในnaiระดับrá-dàpโมเลกุลmoo-lee-gunของkɔ̌ɔngร่างกายrâang-gaai
This research studies factors that accelerate senescence at the molecular level of the body.
นักวิทยาศาสตร์nák-wít-tá-yaa-sàatกำลังgam-langค้นหาkón-hǎaวิธีwí-tiiชะลอchá-lɔɔการgaanชราchá-raaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaยืดyʉ̂ʉtระยะเวลาrá-yá-wee-laaที่tîiร่างกายrâang-gaaiยังyangทำงานtam-ngaanได้dâaiอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพyàang-mii-bprà-sìt-tí-pâap
Scientists are seeking ways to slow senescence to extend the period during which the body functions efficiently.
สัญญาณsǎn-yaanของkɔ̌ɔngการgaanชราchá-raaไม่ได้mâi-dâaiมีmiiเพียงpiiangริ้วรอยríu-rɔɔiแต่dtɛ̀ɛรวมถึงruuam-tʉ̌ngการลดลงgaan-lót-longของkɔ̌ɔngการซ่อมแซมgaan-sɔ̂m-sɛɛmเซลล์seelและlɛ́สมดุลsǒm-dunฮอร์โมนhɔɔ-moonด้วยdûuai
Signs of senescence are not only wrinkles but also include reduced cellular repair and hormonal balance.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ชรา said ชะ-รา?
chá-raa
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableShort vowelA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
chá
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Short vowel → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |