เติบ
dtə̀əpMeanings
1VerbC1
[to] grow; increase (literary)
to become bigger, older, or greater in size, amount, or level; a literary/poetic word in Thai, now chiefly seen in the compound เติบโตเติบโตdtə̀əp-dtoo1to grow (physically/mentally)2to grow/expand (economy/organization).
Examples
พ่อแม่pɔ̂ɔ-mɛ̂ɛพ่อแม่pɔ̂ɔ-mɛ̂ɛparentsทุกคนtúk-konทุกคนtúk-koneveryone; everybodyหวังwǎngหวังwǎng1[to] hope2[to] expect; count onให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)ลูกlûukลูกlûuk1child; son; daughter2offspring (of animals); young3ball; spherical object4fruit5classifier: fruits, balls, and certain other objectsเติบdtə̀əpเติบdtə̀əp1[to] grow; increase (literary)2many; much (Southern Thai dialect)3a lot; very much (Southern Thai dialect)ขึ้นkʉ̂nขึ้นkʉ̂n1[to] go up; rise; ascend2[to] increase3[to] board; get on4result complement: upward/better5postverbal particle: onset or occurrence6[to] sprout; grow; appear7northward/up-countryเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)คนดีkon-diiคนดีkon-dii1a good person; a virtuous person2dear; sweetheart (term of address)3a goody-goody; self-righteous person (sarcastic)ของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsสังคมsǎng-komสังคมsǎng-kom1social studies (subject)2society; community3social; societal4social circle; social world
All parents hope their children will grow up to be good members of society.
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เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaปัญญาbpan-yaaเติบdtə̀əpเต็มที่dtem-tîiเขาkǎoก็gɔ̂เริ่มrə̂əmเข้าใจkâo-jaiความซับซ้อนkwaam-sáp-sɔ́ɔnของkɔ̌ɔngชีวิตchii-wítมากขึ้นmâak-kʉ̂n
When his wisdom had fully grown, he began to understand life's complexities more.
เมล็ดพันธุ์má-lét panแห่งhàengความเมตตาkwaam mâyt-dtaaที่têeถูกtòokปลูกฝังbplòok făngไว้wáiจะjàค่อยๆkôi kôiเติบdtèrpกล้าglâaขึ้นkêunในnaiจิตใจjìt jaiของkŏngเด็กdèk
The seed of compassion that has been planted will gradually grow stronger in the child's heart.
ในnaiบทกวีbòt gà-weeกล่าวถึงglàao tĕungความรักkwaam rákที่têeค่อยๆkôi kôiเติบdtèrpขึ้นkêunในใจnai jaiของkŏngคนkonทั้งสองtáng sŏngดั่งdàngดอกไม้dòk máaiที่têeผลิบานplì-baanรับrápแสงอรุณsăeng a-run
The poem speaks of a love that slowly grew in the hearts of the two people, like a flower blooming to greet the dawn.
2determinerC1
many; much (Southern Thai dialect)
a large number or amount; a lot. Used as a determiner in Southern Thai dialect.
Examples
ไปเที่ยวbpai tîiaoไปเที่ยวbpai tîiao1[to] go out for fun; hang out2[to] travel for leisure; go on a trip; go sightseeing3[to] drop by for fun; pay a casual visitใต้dtâiใต้dtâi1under; beneath; below2southern region; the South3south; southern4below; underneath (adverb)5under; subject to (authority/rules)มาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerของกินkong ginของกินkong ginfood; things to eatอร่อยๆà-ròi à-ròiอร่อยๆà-ròi à-ròidelicious; tasty (reduplicated)มีmeeมีmee1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoให้เลือกhâi lêuuakให้เลือกhâi lêuuak1[to] allow (someone) to choose; offer options2to choose from; available for selectionเติบdtèrpเติบdtèrp1[to] grow; increase (literary)2many; much (Southern Thai dialect)3a lot; very much (Southern Thai dialect)เลยloieเลยloie1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceed
I just visited the South; there was a lot of delicious food to choose from.
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งานแต่งงานngaan-dtɛ̀ng-ngaanของkɔ̌ɔngพี่pîiบ่าวbàaoมีmiiคนkonมาmaaเติบdtə̀əpเราraoไม่mâiคิดว่าkít-wâaแขกkɛ̀ɛkจะjàเยอะyə́ขนาดนี้kà-nàat-níi
A lot of people came to my (male) cousin's wedding; I didn't think there would be so many guests.
สวนทุเรียนsǔuan-tú-riianบ้านbâanลุงlungไข่kàiปีนี้bpii-níiติดลูกdtìt-lûukเติบdtə̀əpคาดว่าkâat-wâaน่าจะnâa-jàได้dâaiกำไรgam-raiหลายล้านlǎai-láan
Uncle Kai's durian orchard has a lot of fruit this year; it's expected he'll make millions in profit.
นักการเมืองnák-gaan-mʉʉangคนkonนั้นnánหาเสียงhǎa-sǐiangไว้wáiเติบdtə̀əpแต่dtɛ̀ɛพอpɔɔได้รับเลือกdâi-ráp-lʉ̂ʉakตั้งdtângแล้วlɛ́ɛoกลับglàpทำtamไม่mâiได้จริงdâai-jingสักsàkอย่างyàang
That politician made a lot of campaign promises, but after getting elected, he couldn't actually deliver on any of them.
3AdverbC1
a lot; very much (Southern Thai dialect)
to a great degree or in large quantity. Used as an adverb in Southern Thai dialect.
Examples
กับข้าวgàp-kâaoกับข้าวgàp-kâao1side dishes; viands2food (colloquial, esp. home meals)ร้านนี้ráan-níiร้านนี้ráan-níithis shop; this storeอร่อยจังà-rɔ̀i-jangอร่อยจังà-rɔ̀i-jangso delicious!; very tasty!กินข้าวgin-kâaoกินข้าวgin-kâao1[to] have a meal; eat (general)2[to] eat rice (literal)ได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerเติบdtə̀əpเติบdtə̀əp1[to] grow; increase (literary)2many; much (Southern Thai dialect)3a lot; very much (Southern Thai dialect)เลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceed
The food at this restaurant is so delicious, I can eat a ton of rice.
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Lately, I've had a massive amount of work, to the point that I have no time to rest at all.
เขาkǎoไม่ได้mâi-dâaiเจอjəəลูกlûukนานnaanพอpɔɔกลับมาglàp-maaเลยləəiซื้อsʉ́ʉของฝากkɔ̌ɔng-fàakมาmaaให้hâiเติบdtə̀əp
He hadn't seen his child in a long time, so when he came back, he brought a whole load of souvenirs.
Don't believe everything he says; that person is a pathological liar.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -บ, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
dtə̀əp
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |