ใต้
dtâaiMeanings
1PrepositionA1
under; beneath; below
In a lower position or covered by something; at a lower level than something else.
Examples
แมวmɛɛoแมวmɛɛocatซ่อนอยู่sɔ̂ɔn-yùuซ่อนอยู่sɔ̂ɔn-yùu1[to] be hidden; be concealed2[to] be latent/underlying (figurative)ใต้dtâaiใต้dtâai1under; beneath; below2southern region; the South3south; southern4below; underneath (adverb)5under; subject to (authority/rules)โต๊ะdtóโต๊ะdtó1table2desk
The cat is hiding under the table.
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The shoes are under the bed.
Write your name under the picture.
We sat under the shade of a tree to avoid the sun.
2NounA2
southern region; the South
The southern part of a country or area; in Thailand, often refers to the Southern region.
Examples
ปิดเทอมbpìt-təəmปิดเทอมbpìt-təəm1school break; vacation2[to be] on break; between termsนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)จะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ไปเที่ยวbpai-tîiaoไปเที่ยวbpai-tîiao1[to] go out for fun; hang out2[to] travel for leisure; go on a trip; go sightseeing3[to] drop by for fun; pay a casual visitภาคใต้pâak-dtâaiภาคใต้pâak-dtâaiSouthern Thailand; the south (of a country/area)
This school break I will travel to the South.
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ปีที่แล้วbpii-tîi-lɛ́ɛoครอบครัวkrɔ̂ɔp-kruuaฉันchǎnขับรถkàp-rótลงlongใต้dtâaiไปbpaiทะเลtá-leeหลายlǎaiวันwan
Last year my family drove to the South to visit the sea for several days.
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiเราraoนั่งnângรถไฟrót-faiไปbpaiใต้dtâaiใช้เวลาchái-wee-laaคืนkʉʉnเดียวdiiaoก็gɔ̂ถึงtʉ̌ng
Tomorrow we’ll take the train to the South; it takes just one night to arrive.
คนใต้kon-dtâaiขึ้นชื่อkʉ̂n-chʉ̂ʉเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangสำเนียงsǎm-niiangและlɛ́อาหารaa-hǎanเผ็ดpètจัดjàtซึ่งsʉ̂ngดึงดูดdʉng-dùutนักท่องเที่ยวnák-tɔ̂ɔng-tîiaoจำนวนมากjam-nuuan-mâak
People from the South are known for their accent and very spicy food, which attracts many tourists.
3AdjectiveA2
south; southern
Situated in or relating to the south, as in the southern part of a region or country.
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)คนใต้kon-dtâaiคนใต้kon-dtâaisoutherner (Thailand)พูดpûutพูดpûut1[to] speak; talk2[to] say; speak3[to] tell; talk aboutสำเนียงใต้sǎm-niiang-dtâaiสำเนียงใต้sǎm-niiang-dtâaisouthern accentชัดchátชัดchát1clear; sharp (visible/audible)2clear; definite3clearly
He is a southern person and speaks with a clear southern accent.
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Southern food is very spicy but fragrant with curry paste.
ดนตรีdon-dtriiพื้นบ้านpʉ́ʉn-bâanภาคใต้pâak-dtâaiมีเอกลักษณ์mii-èek-gà-lákทั้งtángจังหวะjang-wàและlɛ́เสียงร้องsǐiang-rɔ́ɔng
Southern folk music has unique rhythms and vocals.
งานngaanนี้níiเป็นbpenโครงการkroong-gaanร่วมrûuamระหว่างrá-wàangมหาวิทยาลัยmá-hǎa-wít-tá-yaa-laiและlɛ́สถาบันวิจัยsà-tǎa-ban-wí-jaiทางtaangภาคใต้pâak-dtâai
This job is a joint project between the university and a research institute in the South.
4AdverbA2
below; underneath (adverb)
At a lower level or position; used adverbially without an object.
Examples
อากาศaa-gàatอากาศaa-gàat1air2weatherใต้ถุนบ้านdtâai-tǔn-bâanใต้ถุนบ้านdtâai-tǔn-bâanspace under a stilt houseเย็นyenเย็นyen1cool; chilly2evening (late afternoon to dusk)3cool (personality); calm4[to] be cool; become coolกว่าgwàaกว่าgwàa1than (comparative marker)2more than; overในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ห้องhɔ̂ngห้องhɔ̂ng1room2classifier: rooms
The air in the space under the house is cooler than in the room.
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We went down South to escape the cold wind.
He slid down the hill to rest under a tree.
ฝนตกหนักfǒn-dtòk-nàkน้ำnáamไหลlǎiจากjàakถนนtà-nǒnสูงsǔungลงไปlong-bpaiกองgɔɔngรวมกันruuam-ganอยู่ใต้yùu-dtâaiสะพานsà-paan
Heavy rain caused water to flow from the high road and accumulate under the bridge.
5PrepositionB1
under; subject to (authority/rules)
Being controlled by or subject to a rule, law, or authority.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Falling tone
dtâai
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Mid class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |