ปรุ
bprùMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] perforate; pierce with many small holes
To pierce or punch so as to make many small holes; to perforate (e.g., paper, leather).
Examples
ช่างchângช่างchâng1artisan; mechanic; technician2crafts-; technical (prefix)3never mind; let it be4how (exclamatory)5[to] be inclined to; be given toจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderเครื่องมือพิเศษkrʉ̂ʉang-mʉʉ-pí-sèetเครื่องมือพิเศษkrʉ̂ʉang-mʉʉ-pí-sèetspecialized tool; specialized equipmentปรุbprùปรุbprù1[to] perforate; pierce with many small holes2perforated; lace-likeหนังnǎngหนังnǎng1skin; hide2leather3movie; filmให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)เป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ลวดลายlûuat-laaiลวดลายlûuat-laai1pattern; decorative motif2style; flourish; flairตามที่dtaam-tîiตามที่dtaam-tîi1as; just as; in the way that2according to; as perออกแบบɔ̀ɔk-bɛ̀ɛpออกแบบɔ̀ɔk-bɛ̀ɛp[to] design; planไว้wáiไว้wái1[to] keep; save; store2[to] set aside; reserve3for later; in reserve4[to] leave (something) as is5marks retention or maintenance of a state6[to] wear; sport (hair/moustache/etc.)
The craftsman will use a special tool to perforate the leather into the designed pattern.
3 more examplesShow less
คุณkunต้องdtɔ̂ngปรุbprùกระดาษgrà-dàatตามรอยdtaam-rɔɔiเส้นsênนี้níiเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiฉีกchìikง่ายขึ้นngâai-kʉ̂n
You need to perforate the paper along this line to make it easier to tear.
ตั๋วคอนเสิร์ตdtǔua-kɔɔn-sə̀ətส่วนใหญ่sùuan-yàiจะjàถูกtùukปรุbprùเป็นรอยbpen-rɔɔiไว้wáiสำหรับsǎm-ràpให้hâiพนักงานpá-nák-ngaanฉีกchìikส่วนsùuanหางhǎangตั๋วdtǔua
Most concert tickets are perforated with a line for the staff to tear off the stub.
กระบวนการผลิตgrà-buuan-gaan-pà-lìtแสตมป์sà-dtɛɛmต้องdtɔ̂ngอาศัยaa-sǎiความแม่นยำสูงkwaam-mɛ̂n-yam-sǔungในnaiการgaanปรุbprùขอบkɔ̀ɔpเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiสามารถsǎa-mâatแยกyɛ̂ɛkออกจากกันɔ̀ɔk-jàak-ganได้dâai
The production of postage stamps requires high precision in perforating the edges so they can be separated.
2AdjectiveB2
perforated; lace-like
Having many small holes; perforated, often in a pattern resembling lace or netting.
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillชอบchɔ̂ɔpชอบchɔ̂ɔp1[to] like; be fond of2tend to; usually3be proper; be fitting (formal)ใส่sàiใส่sài1[to] put in; [to] add2[to] wear; [to] put on3[to] include; [to] insert (data, settings)4[to] attack; [to] go at (colloq.)รองเท้าหนังrɔɔng-táao-nǎngรองเท้าหนังrɔɔng-táao-nǎngleather shoesฉลุลายchà-lù-laaiฉลุลายchà-lù-laai1[to] create fretwork; [to] perforate a pattern2fretwork; openwork patternปรุbprùปรุbprù1[to] perforate; pierce with many small holes2perforated; lace-likeเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingมันmanมันman1it (thing/animal)2greasy; oily; fatty3fun; thrilling; highly entertaining4he/she (colloquial, impolite)5starchy tuber; tuberous crop6fat; grease7creamy; rich (texture/taste)ระบายอากาศrá-baai-aa-gàatระบายอากาศrá-baai-aa-gàat1[to] ventilate; let air circulate2breathable; vented (as a modifier)ได้ดีdâai-diiได้ดีdâai-diisucceed; do well
He likes to wear perforated leather shoes because they are well-ventilated.
3 more examplesShow less
The old leaves have decayed until they are completely perforated.
สถาปนิกเลือกsà-tǎa-bpà-ník-lʉ̂ʉakใช้cháiแผ่นโลหะpɛ̀n-loo-hàปรุbprùมาmaaตกแต่งdtòk-dtɛ̀ngผนังpà-nǎngอาคารaa-kaanเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaสร้างsâangมิติmí-dtìและlɛ́ลวดลายlûuat-laaiที่tîiน่าสนใจnâa-sǒn-jai
The architect chose to use perforated metal sheets to decorate the building's walls to create interesting dimensions and patterns.
หลังคาlǎng-kaaระเบียงrá-biiangที่tîiทำจากtam-jàakวัสดุwát-sà-dùปรุbprùช่วยchûuaiกรองแสงgrɔɔng-sɛ̌ɛngแดดdɛ̀ɛtไม่ให้mâi-hâiร้อนrɔ́ɔnเกินไปgəən-bpaiแต่dtɛ̀ɛยังคงyang-kongความสว่างkwaam-sà-wàangไว้wáiได้dâai
The balcony roof made from perforated material helps filter the sunlight so it's not too hot, while still maintaining brightness.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid classConsonant clusterIn the cluster ปร, the first consonant ป sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
bprù
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |