ตัวนอก
dtuua-nɔ̂ɔkMeanings
1NounB1
outer garment; outerwear
an outer garment worn over inner clothes, such as a jacket, blazer, or coat.
Examples
ข้างนอกkâang-nɔ̂ɔkข้างนอกkâang-nɔ̂ɔk1outside; outdoors2the outside; exterior3outside ofอากาศเย็นaa-gàat-yenอากาศเย็นaa-gàat-yencool weatherนะnáนะná1softener; friendly particle2persuasive/confirming particle3wondering particleใส่sàiใส่sài1[to] put in; [to] add2[to] wear; [to] put on3[to] include; [to] insert (data, settings)4[to] attack; [to] go at (colloq.)ตัวนอกdtuua-nɔ̂ɔkตัวนอกdtuua-nɔ̂ɔk1outer garment; outerwear2outdoor unit (HVAC)3imported model/spec; foreign varietyไปด้วยbpai-dûuaiไปด้วยbpai-dûuai1too; as well; also2[to] go along; accompany [sb]3at the same time; concurrently
It's cold outside, put on an outer garment (like a jacket).
3 more examplesShow less
ชุดเดรสchút drésตัวdtuuaนี้néeถ้าtâaใส่sàiกับgàpเสื้อคลุมsêuua klumตัวนอกdtuua nôkสีขาวsĕe kăaoน่าจะnâa jàสวยขึ้นsŭuai kêunนะná
This dress would probably look prettier if worn with a white outer garment (like a cardigan).
วันนี้wan-níiฉันchǎnต้องdtɔ̂ngไปbpaiประชุมbprà-chumเลยləəiต้องdtɔ̂ngหาhǎaเสื้อsʉ̂ʉaตัวนอกdtuua-nɔ̂ɔkที่tîiดูduuเป็นทางการbpen-taang-gaanหน่อยnɔ̀i
I have a meeting today, so I need to find a somewhat formal outer garment (like a blazer).
ถึงแม้จะtʉ̌ng-mɛ́ɛ-jàเป็นbpenหน้าร้อนnâa-rɔ́ɔnแต่dtɛ̀ɛในnaiออฟฟิศɔ́ɔp-fítแอร์แรงɛɛ-rɛɛngมากmâakก็gɔ̂ควรkuuanพกpókตัวนอกdtuua-nɔ̂ɔkติดdtìtไว้wáiเผื่อpʉ̀ʉaหนาวnǎao
Even though it's summer, the AC in the office is very strong, so you should bring an outer garment just in case it gets cold.
2NounB1
outdoor unit (HVAC)
the outdoor condensing unit of a split air-conditioning system.
3NounB2
imported model/spec; foreign variety
an imported or foreign-spec model or variety, as opposed to a local/domestic one (e.g., cars, animals, plants).
Examples
รถยุโรปrót yù-rôhpรถยุโรปrót yù-rôhpEuropean car (brand/origin)รุ่นrûnรุ่นrûn1model; version2generation; age cohort3class year; intake; batch4seniority level; age groupนี้néeนี้née1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ตัวนอกdtuua nôkตัวนอกdtuua nôk1outer garment; outerwear2outdoor unit (HVAC)3imported model/spec; foreign varietyจะมีjà meeจะมีjà meethere will be; [to] have (in the future)ออปชันôp-chânออปชันôp-chân1option; selectable feature/setting2financial option (derivative)เยอะกว่าyóe gwàaเยอะกว่าyóe gwàa1more; greater in amount/number2more (comparative adverb)ตัวdtuuaตัวdtuua1body; self; person (colloq.)2classifier: animals, garments, furniture, certain items; people (informal)3character; figureที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerประกอบbprà-gòpประกอบbprà-gòp1[to] assemble; put together2[to] consist of; be composed of3[to] perform (duties/rituals)4[to] accompany; go together withในประเทศnai bprà-têtในประเทศnai bprà-têt1domestic; internal (to a country)2domestically; [somewhere] within the country
This European car model, the imported version, has more options than the one assembled domestically.
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พ่อpɔ̂ɔผมpǒmชอบchɔ̂ɔpเลี้ยงlíiangไก่ชนgài-chonมากmâakเขาkǎoกำลังหาgam-lang-hǎaซื้อsʉ́ʉไก่gàiสายพันธุ์sǎai-panพม่าpá-mâaตัวนอกdtuua-nɔ̂ɔkอยู่yùu
My dad loves raising fighting cocks. He's currently looking to buy an imported Burmese breed.
คอมพิวเตอร์kɔm-piu-dtə̂əรุ่นrûnเดียวกันdiiao-ganแต่dtɛ̀ɛสเปกsà-bpéekตัวนอกdtuua-nɔ̂ɔkมักจะmák-jàให้hâiคีย์บอร์ดkii-bɔ̀ɔtภาษาอังกฤษpaa-sǎa-ang-grìtล้วนlúuanมาmaaซึ่งsʉ̂ngบางคนbaang-konอาจàatไม่mâiถนัดtà-nàt
It's the same computer model, but the foreign-spec version often comes with a purely English keyboard, which some people might not be comfortable with.
การgaanจะjàซื้อsʉ́ʉรถยนต์rót-yonตัวนอกdtuua-nɔ̂ɔkต้องdtɔ̂ngพิจารณาpí-jaa-rá-naaเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangการหาgaan-hǎaอะไหล่à-làiและlɛ́ศูนย์บริการsǔun-bɔɔ-rí-gaanให้ดีhâi-diiเพราะprɔ́อาจàatไม่mâiสะดวกsà-dùuakเท่าtâoรถrótที่tîiขายkǎaiในประเทศnai-bprà-têetอย่างเป็นทางการyàang-bpen-taang-gaan
When buying an imported-spec car, you must carefully consider finding spare parts and service centers, as it might not be as convenient as with officially sold domestic cars.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableA long vowel with no final consonant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dtuua
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ตัวdtuuaตัวdtuua1body; self; person (colloq.)2classifier: animals, garments, furniture, certain items; people (informal)3character; figurebody; self; person (colloq.)Part 1
+
นอกnɔ̂ɔkนอกnɔ̂ɔk1outside; outer; external2outside; outdoors3except; other than4foreign; external; outsideoutside; outer; externalPart 2
ตัวนอกdtuua-nɔ̂ɔkตัวนอกdtuua-nɔ̂ɔkouter garment; outerwearouter garment; outerwearWord