โครง
kroongMeanings
1NounB1
framework; structure; skeleton
A supporting frame or basic structure of a thing, such as a building frame, skeletal frame of a body, or chassis of a vehicle.
Examples
ช่างchângช่างchâng1artisan; mechanic; technician2crafts-; technical (prefix)3never mind; let it be4how (exclamatory)5[to] be inclined to; be given toกำลังgam-langกำลังgam-lang1currently; in the middle of2power; strength3power (physics)4troops; forcesก่อโครงบ้านgɔ̀ɔ-kroong-bâanก่อโครงบ้านgɔ̀ɔ-kroong-bâan[to] build a house frameก่อนจะgɔ̀ɔn-jàก่อนจะgɔ̀ɔn-jàbefore (introducing a clause)ติดผนังdtìt-pà-nǎngติดผนังdtìt-pà-nǎng1[to] attach [sth] to a wall; [to] mount [sth] on a wall2wall-mountedและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)หลังคาlǎng-kaaหลังคาlǎng-kaaroof
The workers are building the house frame before installing the walls and roof.
3 more examplesShow less
หมอmɔ̌ɔอธิบายà-tí-baaiว่าwâaโครงกระดูกkroong-grà-dùukของkɔ̌ɔngคนเราkon-raoช่วยchûuaiพยุงpá-yungร่างกายrâang-gaaiและlɛ́ปกป้องbpòk-bpɔ̂ngอวัยวะà-wai-yá-wáสำคัญsǎm-kan
The doctor explained that our skeletal frame supports the body and protects vital organs.
วิศวกรwít-sà-wá-gɔɔnตรวจสอบdtrùuat-sɔ̀ɔpโครงอาคารkroong-aa-kaanอย่างละเอียดyàang-lá-ìiatเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiมั่นใจmân-jaiว่าwâaโครงสร้างkroong-sâangรับน้ำหนักráp-nám-nàkได้dâaiตามdtaamมาตรฐานmâat-dtrà-tǎan
The engineer examined the building frame in detail to ensure the structure can bear loads according to standards.
2NounB2
outline; rough plan; draft
A basic plan or outline showing the main parts before details are added; a sketch or draft version.
Examples
ก่อนgɔ̀ɔnก่อนgɔ̀ɔn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerเขียนkǐianเขียนkǐian1[to] write2[to] draw; sketch3[to] fill out; write in4[to] compose; author5[to] write (data); burn (a disc)รายงานraai-ngaanรายงานraai-ngaan1report (document/account)2[to] report; inform officiallyเราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)ควรkuuanควรkuuan1should; ought to2appropriate; proper; suitable3[to] deserve; be worthy ofทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] act; behave3[to] cook; prepare food4[to] do; carry out (work)5[to] cause; makeโครงkroongโครงkroong1framework; structure; skeleton2outline; rough plan; draftหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔ1topic; subject2title; heading3item; list entryหลักlàkหลักlàk1main; principal; primary2principle; basis; foundation3post; pillar; stake4classifier: posts; stakes; digit positionsก่อนgɔ̀ɔnก่อนgɔ̀ɔn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiso that; in order thatเรียงลำดับriiang-lam-dàpเรียงลำดับriiang-lam-dàp[to] sort; [to] arrange in orderความคิดkwaam-kítความคิดkwaam-kít1idea; thought2thinking; reasoning3opinion; view4mindset; ideology; way of thinking
Before writing the report, we should make an outline of the main topics to organize our ideas.
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ครูkruuขอให้kɔ̌ɔ-hâiส่งsòngโครงบทความkroong-bòt-kwaamภายในpaai-naiวันศุกร์wan-sùkเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaจะjàตรวจdtrùuatทิศทางtít-taangเนื้อหาnʉ́ʉa-hǎa
The teacher asked us to submit the article outline by Friday to check the direction of the content.
ฉันchănร่างโครงrâang krohngพรีเซนเทชันpree-sen-tâe-chanเป็นbpenหัวข้อhŭua kôย่อยyôiๆ-แล้วláeoค่อยkôiเติมdtermรายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatและláeตัวอย่างdtuua yàangประกอบbprà-gòp
I drafted the presentation outline into subtopics, then added details and supporting examples.
ก่อนgɔ̀ɔnผลิตpà-lìtคลิปklípเราraoทำtamโครงสคริปต์kroong-sɔ̌ɔ-krípพร้อมprɔ́ɔmลำดับlam-dàpช็อตchɔ́tเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiการถ่ายทำgaan-tàai-tamเป็นระบบbpen-rá-bòpและlɛ́ไม่mâiหลงประเด็นlǒng-bprà-den
Before producing the clip, we created a script outline with shot order so the filming would be structured and stay on point.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow classConsonant clusterIn the cluster คร, the first consonant ค sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ง, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
kroong
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |