ขับสอง
kàp-sɔ̌ɔngMeanings
1AdjectiveB2
two-wheel-drive (informal)
Describing a vehicle whose engine drives only two wheels; an informal shortening of the expression for two-wheel drive.
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)3like; as (in the manner of)เลือกlʉ̂ʉakเลือกlʉ̂ʉak1[to] choose; select; pick2[to] elect3picky; choosy; selectiveรถrótรถrótcar; vehicleขับสองkàp-sɔ̌ɔngขับสองkàp-sɔ̌ɔng1two-wheel-drive (informal)2traditional vocal melodyเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingขับkàpขับkàp1[to] drive; operate (a vehicle)2[to] expel; drive out; repel3[to] sing; chant (traditional)4[to] excrete; secrete; emitในเมืองnai-mʉʉangในเมืองnai-mʉʉang1in the city; downtown2urban; cityเป็นหลักbpen-làkเป็นหลักbpen-làk1mainly; primarily; chiefly2[to] serve as the main basis; be primaryและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)ไม่ค่อยmâi-kɔ̂iไม่ค่อยmâi-kɔ̂i1rarely; seldom; not often2not very; hardly (degree)ไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already past5too; excessivelyทางลูกรังtaang-lûuk-rangทางลูกรังtaang-lûuk-rangdirt road; gravel road
I chose a two-wheel-drive car because I mostly drive in the city and rarely use unpaved roads.
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รถrótคันkanนี้níiเป็นbpenรุ่นrûnขับสองkàp-sɔ̌ɔngเครื่องยนต์krʉ̂ʉang-yonส่งกำลังsòng-gam-langไปที่bpai-tîiล้อหน้าlɔ́ɔ-nâaเท่านั้นtâo-nán
This car is a two-wheel-drive model; the engine sends power only to the front wheels.
ถ้าtâaใช้งานchái ngaanบนbonถนนtà-nŏnทั่วไปtûua bpaiรุ่นrûnขับสองkàp sŏngก็gâwเพียงพอpiiang porแต่dtàeถ้าtâaต้องdtôngลุยluiโคลนklohnบ่อยbòiๆ-ก็gâwควรkuuanพิจารณาpí-jaa-rá-naaรุ่นrûnขับสี่kàp sèe
For driving on ordinary roads, the two-wheel-drive model is sufficient, but if you often drive through mud, you should consider the four-wheel-drive model.
สำหรับsǎm-ràpรถrótที่tîiฉันchǎnกำลังgam-langดูduuอยู่yùuรุ่นrûnขับสองkàp-sɔ̌ɔngราคาถูกraa-kaa-tùukกว่าgwàaรุ่นrûnขับสี่kàp-sìiแต่dtɛ̀ɛฉันchǎnยังyangต้องdtɔ̂ngเปรียบเทียบbprìiap-tîiapอุปกรณ์ความปลอดภัยù-bpà-gɔɔn-kwaam-bplɔ̀ɔt-paiก่อนgɔ̀ɔnตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiซื้อsʉ́ʉ
For the car I'm considering, the two-wheel-drive version is cheaper than the four-wheel-drive version, but I still need to compare their safety features before buying.
2NounC2
traditional vocal melody
A type of traditional sung melody or vocal tune.
Examples
ระหว่างrá-wàangระหว่างrá-wàang1between; among2during3interval; in-between timeสาธิตsăa-títสาธิตsăa-tít1[to] demonstrate; show how2demonstration school; laboratory school (colloq.)ทำนองtam-nongทำนองtam-nong1melody; tune2style; manner; pattern; way3along the lines of; something like; in the manner ofขับสองkàp sŏngขับสองkàp sŏng1two-wheel-drive (informal)2traditional vocal melodyครูkruuครูkruu1teacher2master; mentor (respectful)ร้องróngร้องróng1[to] cry; weep2[to] sing3[to] shout; call out4[to] complain; lodge a complaintช้าcháaช้าcháa1slow2slowly3late; delayed4[to] be slow; be lateๆ-ให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)ลูกศิษย์lûuk sìtลูกศิษย์lûuk sìt1student; pupil2disciple; followerฟังfangฟังfang1listen2heed3[to] sound; seem (to the ear)ก่อนจะgòn jàก่อนจะgòn jàbefore (introducing a clause)ให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)ทุกคนtúk konทุกคนtúk koneveryone; everybodyลองร้องlong róngลองร้องlong róng[to] try to singตามdtaamตามdtaam1[to] follow; go after2according to; in accordance with3after; behind; in pursuit of4[to] comply with; abide by; obey5along; along (a path); following (direction)6[to] send for; fetch [sb]7[to] light; kindle (literary)ทีละtee láทีละtee láone at a time; each; perท่อนtônท่อนtôn1section; piece (long, solid part)2classifier (sections/lengths)3stanza; verse; passage4section (of the body)5classifier: passages; verse sections
While demonstrating the traditional khap song melody, the teacher sang slowly for the students before having everyone try singing along one phrase at a time.
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แม้mɛ́ɛจะjàจำjamเนื้อร้องnʉ́ʉa-rɔ́ɔngได้dâaiขึ้นใจkʉ̂n-jaiเธอtəəก็gɔ̂ยังyangต้องdtɔ̂ngฝึกfʉ̀kการเอื้อนgaan-ʉ̂ʉanในnaiทำนองtam-nɔɔngขับสองkàp-sɔ̌ɔngให้hâiลื่นไหลlʉ̂ʉn-lǎiไม่ใช่mâi-châiแค่kɛ̂ɛร้องrɔ́ɔngให้hâiครบkrópทุกtúkคำkam
Although she knew the lyrics by heart, she still needed to make the vocal ornamentation in the khap song melody flow smoothly, rather than simply singing every word.
ในnaiการบันทึกgaan-ban-tʉ́kทำนองtam-nɔɔngขับสองkàp-sɔ̌ɔngนักวิจัยnák-wí-jaiเก็บgèpเสียงsǐiangของkɔ̌ɔngผู้ขับร้องpûu-kàp-rɔ́ɔngไว้wáiด้วยdûuaiเพราะprɔ́โน้ตnóotเพียงอย่างเดียวpiiang-yàang-diiaoอาจàatถ่ายทอดtàai-tɔ̂ɔtรายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatของkɔ̌ɔngการร้องgaan-rɔ́ɔngได้dâaiไม่ครบถ้วนmâi-króp-tûuan
When documenting the khap song melody, the researchers also recorded the singers, since musical notation alone might not fully capture the details of their singing.
ครูkruuย้ำyámว่าwâaผู้pûuฝึกร้องfʉ̀k-rɔ́ɔngทำนองtam-nɔɔngขับสองkàp-sɔ̌ɔngต้องdtɔ̂ngรู้จักrúu-jàkควบkûuapคุมน้ำหนักkum-nám-nàkเสียงsǐiangมิใช่mí-châiมุ่งmûngอวดùuatลูกlûukเอื้อนʉ̂ʉanเสียจนsǐia-jonการถ่ายทอดgaan-tàai-tɔ̂ɔtเนื้อร้องnʉ́ʉa-rɔ́ɔngขาดkàatความต่อเนื่องkwaam-dtɔ̀ɔ-nʉ̂ʉang
The teacher stressed that those learning to sing the khap song melody must know how to control their vocal dynamics, rather than show off vocal flourishes at the expense of the flow of the lyrics.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -บ, a stop, so it is dead.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
kàp
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ขับkàpขับkàp1[to] drive; operate (a vehicle)2[to] expel; drive out; repel3[to] sing; chant (traditional)4[to] excrete; secrete; emit[to] drive; operate (a vehicle)Part 1
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ขับสองkàp-sɔ̌ɔngขับสองkàp-sɔ̌ɔngtwo-wheel-drive (informal)two-wheel-drive (informal)Word