กีดกัน
gìit-ganMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] obstruct; bar; exclude
to block, hinder, or prevent [sb/sth] from access, participation, or progress
Examples
การปิดgaan-bpìtการปิดgaan-bpìtthe closing; the closure; the shutdown; the switching offถนนtà-nǒnถนนtà-nǒnroad; streetกีดกันgìit-ganกีดกันgìit-gan1[to] obstruct; bar; exclude2[to] discriminate (against)ชาวบ้านchaao-bâanชาวบ้านchaao-bâan1villagers; locals; rural residents2ordinary people; laypeople; the public3folksy; colloquial; plain (as a modifier)ไม่ให้mâi-hâiไม่ให้mâi-hâi1[to] not give; withhold; refuse to give2[to] not allow; not let; forbid3so that not; in order to preventไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already past5too; excessivelyตลาดdtà-làatตลาดdtà-làat1market; marketplace2market (economic demand/sector)3popular; mainstream (colloq.)ได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerสะดวกsà-dùuakสะดวกsà-dùuak1convenient2available; free (time)
The road closure hindered the villagers from going to the market conveniently.
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ฝนตกหนักfǒn-dtòk-nàkกีดกันgìit-ganทีมงานtiim-ngaanจากjàakการติดตั้งgaan-dtìt-dtângเวทีwee-tiiตามdtaamกำหนดgam-nòt
The heavy rain prevented the team from installing the stage as scheduled.
ขั้นตอนkân-dtɔɔnที่tîiซับซ้อนsáp-sɔ́ɔnเกินไปgəən-bpaiกีดกันgìit-ganผู้เริ่มต้นpûu-rə̂əm-dtônไม่ให้mâi-hâiเข้าร่วมkâo-rûuamโครงการkroong-gaan
Overly complicated procedures hinder beginners from joining the project.
ผนังpà-nǎngภาษาpaa-sǎaและlɛ́งบประมาณngóp-bprà-maanจำกัดjam-gàtกีดกันgìit-ganการแลกเปลี่ยนgaan-lɛ̂ɛk-bplìianความรู้kwaam-rúuระหว่างrá-wàangสถาบันsà-tǎa-ban
Language barriers and limited budgets hinder knowledge exchange between institutions.
2VerbB2
[to] discriminate (against)
to treat [sb] unfairly or unequally by imposing barriers because of identity or status; to exclude [sb] from rights or opportunities
Examples
บริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtบริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtcompany; firm; corporationไม่ควรmâi-kuuanไม่ควรmâi-kuuan1should not; ought not2inappropriate; improperกีดกันgìit-ganกีดกันgìit-gan1[to] obstruct; bar; exclude2[to] discriminate (against)ผู้สมัครpûu-sà-màkผู้สมัครpûu-sà-màk1applicant; registrant2candidate (esp. election)3contestant; entrantเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingเพศpêetเพศpêet1sex (biological)2gender (social role/identity)3sexual mattersหรือrʉ̌ʉหรือrʉ̌ʉ1or (choice/alternative)2or?; really? (question/finality particle)อายุaa-yúอายุaa-yú1age2[to] be X years old3lifespan; service life
Companies should not discriminate against applicants because of gender or age.
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เขาkǎoรู้สึกว่าrúu-sʉ̀k-wâaถูกtùukกีดกันgìit-ganจากjàakโอกาสoo-gàatเลื่อนตำแหน่งlʉ̂ʉan-dtam-nɛ̀ngเพียงpiiangเพราะprɔ́พื้นเพpʉ́ʉn-peeของkɔ̌ɔngตนdton
He feels excluded from promotion opportunities just because of his background.
นโยบายná-yoo-baaiที่tîiกีดกันgìit-ganคนพิการkon-pí-gaanออกจากɔ̀ɔk-jàakบริการbɔɔ-rí-gaanพื้นฐานpʉ́ʉn-tǎanเป็นbpenเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangที่tîiสังคมsǎng-komต้องdtɔ̂ngทบทวนtóp-tuuanอย่างจริงจังyàang-jing-jang
Policies that exclude people with disabilities from basic services are something society must seriously reconsider.
แม้mɛ́ɛจะjàมีmiiความสามารถkwaam-sǎa-mâatเท่าเทียมกันtâo-tiiam-ganนักศึกษาnák-sʉ̀k-sǎaชนกลุ่มน้อยchon-glùm-nɔ́ɔiกลับglàpถูกtùukกีดกันgìit-ganจากjàakทุนการศึกษาtun-gaan-sʉ̀k-sǎaด้วยdûuaiเหตุผลhèet-pǒnเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangสถานะsà-tǎa-náทางสังคมtaang-sǎng-kom
Despite having equal ability, minority students were excluded from scholarships due to their social status.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -ด, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
gìit
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |