ตราสาร
dtraa-sǎanMeanings
1NounB2
legal instrument; deed; formal document
An official legal document that establishes, records, or evidences rights, obligations, or agreements, such as a deed, contract, bond, or writ.
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; she; him; her2they; them (context-dependent)3horn4mountain; hillเก็บgèpเก็บgèp1to keep; save; put away2to collect; pick up; gather3to tidy up; put in order4[to] harvest; pick (fruit/flowers)5to charge; take (a fee/payment)6[to] tuck in; gather up (hair/clothes)ตราสารdtraa-sǎanตราสารdtraa-sǎan1legal instrument; deed; formal document2negotiable instrument; security; financial instrumentสำคัญsǎm-kanสำคัญsǎm-kan1important; significant; essential2[to] think; assume; suppose (often mistakenly)เช่นchênเช่นchên1for example; such as2like; asโฉนดที่ดินchà-nòot-tîi-dinโฉนดที่ดินchà-nòot-tîi-dinland title deed; land titleและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)ทะเบียนสมรสtá-biian-sǒm-rótทะเบียนสมรสtá-biian-sǒm-rótmarriage certificateไว้wáiไว้wái1[to] keep; save; store2for later; in reserve3[to] leave (something) as is4marks retention or maintenance of a state5[to] wear; sport (hair/moustache/etc.)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ตู้เซฟdtûu-sêepตู้เซฟdtûu-sêepsafe; strongbox
He keeps important legal documents, such as the land deed and marriage certificate, in a safe.
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ทนายความtá-naai-kwaamกำลังgam-langร่างrâangตราสารdtraa-sǎanสัญญาsǎn-yaaเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiทั้งtángสองsɔ̌ɔngฝ่ายfàaiลงนามlong-naam
The lawyer is drafting a contractual document for both parties to sign.
ศาลsǎanได้dâaiออกตราสารɔ̀ɔk-dtraa-sǎanแต่งตั้งdtɛ̀ng-dtângให้hâiเขาkǎoเป็นbpenผู้จัดการpûu-jàt-gaanมรดกmɔɔ-rá-dòkอย่างเป็นทางการyàang-bpen-taang-gaan
The court has issued a legal instrument officially appointing him as the executor of the estate.
การโอนกรรมสิทธิ์gaan-oon-gam-má-sìtในnaiอสังหาริมทรัพย์à-sǎng-hǎa-rim-má-sápจะjàสมบูรณ์sǒm-buunก็ต่อเมื่อgɔ̂-dtɔ̀ɔ-mʉ̂ʉaได้dâaiทำเป็นtam-bpenหนังสือnǎng-sʉ̌ʉและlɛ́จดทะเบียนjòt-tá-biianตามที่dtaam-tîiระบุrá-bùไว้wáiในnaiตราสารdtraa-sǎanนั้นnán
The transfer of ownership of real estate is complete only when it is made in writing and registered as specified in that legal document.
2NounB2
negotiable instrument; security; financial instrument
A transferable financial document representing a claim or obligation, such as a bill of exchange, promissory note, bond, share certificate, or similar instrument.
Examples
นักลงทุนnák-long-tunนักลงทุนnák-long-tuninvestorนิยมní-yomนิยมní-yom1[to] favor; be popular; be in vogue2favor; esteem; preference3custom; accepted usage4-ism; ideology; doctrineซื้อsʉ́ʉซื้อsʉ́ʉ1[to] buy; purchase2[to] bribe; buy offตราสารหนี้dtraa-sǎan-nîiตราสารหนี้dtraa-sǎan-nîidebt security; bondรัฐบาลrát-tà-baanรัฐบาลrát-tà-baangovernment (executive)เพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoความเสี่ยงkwaam-sìiangความเสี่ยงkwaam-sìiangriskต่ำdtàmต่ำdtàm1low; not high2low-class; inferior; base3low-pitched; low (voice/tone)
Investors favor buying government bonds (debt instruments) because they have low risk.
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คุณkunสามารถsǎa-mâatซื้อขายsʉ́ʉ-kǎaiตราสารทุนdtraa-sǎan-tunหรือrʉ̌ʉหุ้นhûnผ่านpàanบริษัทหลักทรัพย์bɔɔ-rí-sàt-làk-sápได้dâai
You can buy and sell equity instruments, or stocks, through a securities company.
บริษัทเอกชนbɔɔ-rí-sàt-èek-gà-chonขนาดใหญ่kà-nàat-yàiกำลังจะgam-lang-jàออกตราสารหนี้ɔ̀ɔk-dtraa-sǎan-nîiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaระดมทุนrá-dom-tunสำหรับsǎm-ràpขยายkà-yǎaiกิจการgìt-jà-gaan
A large private company is about to issue debt instruments (bonds) to raise funds for business expansion.
ผู้จัดการกองทุนpûu-jàt-gaan-gɔɔng-tunแนะนำให้nɛ́-nam-hâiกระจายgrà-jaaiการลงทุนgaan-long-tunในnaiตราสารdtraa-sǎanหลายlǎaiประเภทbprà-pêetเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaลดlótความเสี่ยงkwaam-sìiangของkɔ̌ɔngพอร์ตโฟลิโอpɔ́ɔt-foo-lí-oo
The fund manager recommends diversifying investments into various types of financial instruments to reduce portfolio risk.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid classConsonant clusterIn the cluster ตร, the first consonant ต sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableA long vowel with no final consonant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dtraa
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ตราdtraaตราdtraa1emblem; seal; insignia2brand; trademark3[to] stamp; [to] mark (with a seal or brand)4medal; order (decoration)5[to] promulgate; [to] issue (a law/decree)emblem; seal; insigniaPart 1
+
สารsǎanสารsǎan1substance; material2message; content3letter; epistle (formal/literary)4essence; substance (figurative)substance; materialPart 2
ตราสารdtraa-sǎanตราสารdtraa-sǎanlegal instrument; deed; formal documentlegal instrument; deed; formal documentWord