เหิม
hə̌əmMeanings
1AdjectiveB2
overbold; presumptuous; defiant
showing excessive boldness, presumption, or defiance, often challenging norms or authority.
Examples
หลังจากlăng jàakหลังจากlăng jàak1after; subsequent to (time)2after; once (clause)ชนะchá-náชนะchá-ná1[to] win; defeat [sb]2[to] overcome; prevail over [sth]ติดต่อกันdtìt-dtòr ganติดต่อกันdtìt-dtòr gan1continuously; consecutively; in a row2[to] contact each other; stay in touchหลายlăaiหลายlăai1many; several2very; very much; a lot (Isan)ครั้งkrángครั้งkráng1time; occasion; instance2classifier for occurrences or timesทีมteemทีมteemteam; groupของเขาkŏng kăoของเขาkŏng kăohis; hers; theirsก็gâwก็gâw1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerเริ่มrêrmเริ่มrêrm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toมีmeeมีmee1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoท่าทีtâa-teeท่าทีtâa-tee1attitude; stance2demeanor; manner3sign; indicationเหิมเกริมhĕrm grermเหิมเกริมhĕrm grerm1arrogant and overstepping; presumptuous2[to] become arrogant and overstep; get carried away
After winning several times in a row, his team started to show a presumptuous attitude.
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เขาkăoเป็นbpenคนkonมีmeeความคิดkwaam kítเหิมเกริมhĕrm grermไม่เคยmâi koieกลัวgluuaที่จะtêe jàท้าทายtáa-taaiกฎเกณฑ์gòt gaynของkŏngสังคมsăng-kom
He has a defiant mindset and is never afraid to challenge society's rules.
ความสำเร็จkwaam săm-rètที่têeได้มาdâai maaอย่างง่ายดายyàang ngâai daaiอาจàatบ่มเพาะbòm pórจิตใจjìt jaiที่têeเหิมเกริมhĕrm grermและláeนำไปสู่nam bpai sòoความประมาทkwaam bprà-màatได้dâi
Success that comes too easily can cultivate a presumptuous mind and lead to carelessness.
เหล่าlàoขุนนางkŭn naangผู้pôoเหิมเกริมhĕrm grermได้dâiร่วมกันrûuam ganวางแผนwaang păenโค่นล้มkôhn lómบัลลังก์ban-langแต่dtàeสุดท้ายsùt táaiก็gâwล้มเหลวlóm lěo
The defiant nobles conspired to overthrow the throne, but ultimately failed.
2VerbB2
[to] act overboldly; [to] grow defiant
to behave in an unduly daring, presumptuous, or insolent manner.
Examples
พอporพอpor1enough; sufficient2enough; sufficiently3[to] suffice; be enough4quite; rather; fairly5as soon as; whenได้dâiได้dâi1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerเลื่อนตำแหน่งlêuuan dtam-nàengเลื่อนตำแหน่งlêuuan dtam-nàeng1[to] promote [sb]2[to] be promoted; get a promotionเขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillก็gâwก็gâw1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerเริ่มrêrmเริ่มrêrm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toเหิมเกริมhĕrm grermเหิมเกริมhĕrm grerm1arrogant and overstepping; presumptuous2[to] become arrogant and overstep; get carried awayใส่sàiใส่sài1[to] put in; [to] add2[to] wear; [to] put on3[to] include; [to] insert (data, settings)4[to] attack; [to] go at (colloq.)เพื่อนร่วมงานpêuuan rûuam ngaanเพื่อนร่วมงานpêuuan rûuam ngaancoworker; colleague; workmate
Once he got promoted, he started to act insolently towards his colleagues.
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อย่าyàaเหิมเกริมhĕrm grermให้hâiมากนักmâak nákเลยloieแค่kâeโชคดีchôhk deeครั้งเดียวkráng diiaoเองayng
Don't get so cocky; you just got lucky one time.
เขาkăoเหิมเกริมhĕrm grermถึงขั้นtĕung kânกล้าglâaขัดคำสั่งkàt kam-sàngผู้บังคับบัญชาpôo bang-káp ban-chaaต่อหน้าdtò nâaคนkonอื่นๆèun èun
He acted so audaciously as to defy his commander's orders in front of everyone.
อำนาจam-nâatที่têeปราศจากbpràat-sà-jàakการตรวจสอบgaan dtrùuat sòpถ่วงดุลtùuang dunมักจะmák jàทำให้tam hâiผู้มีอำนาจpôo mee am-nâatเหิมเกริมhĕrm grermและláeใช้cháiอำนาจam-nâatในทางnai taangที่têeผิดpìt
Power without checks and balances often makes those in authority behave presumptuously and abuse their power.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ม, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
hə̌əm
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |