เต็มๆ
dtem-dtemMeanings
1AdverbB1
fully; completely; in full (no reduction)
to the full extent or amount, without reduction, omission, or discount; for the entire stated duration or quantity
Examples
เมื่อคืนmêuua keunเมื่อคืนmêuua keun1last night (the night before today)2last nightฉันchănฉันchăn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)นอนnonนอนnon1[to] sleep2[to] lie down; recline3reclining; lying downไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already past5too; excessivelyแปดbpàetแปดbpàet1eight (number)2eight (quantity)ชั่วโมงchûua-mohngชั่วโมงchûua-mohng1hour (60 minutes)2classifier: hours of time3lesson period; class periodเต็มๆdtem-dtemเต็มๆdtem-dtem1fully; completely; in full (no reduction)2squarely; directly; head‑on3plainly; clearly (unobstructed)
Last night, I slept for a full eight hours.
3 more examplesShow less
ถ้าtâaจ่ายjàaiค่าสมาชิกkâa sà-maa-chíkรายปีraai bpeeจะได้jà dâaiดูdooฟรีfreeหนึ่งnèungเดือนdeuuanเต็มๆdtem-dtem
If you pay for the annual membership, you get to watch for one full month for free.
This shop doesn't have a discount; we have to pay the full price.
เพื่อให้pêuua hâiได้ประโยชน์dâai bprà-yòhtสูงสุดsŏong sùtคุณควรkun kuuanเข้าร่วมkâo rûuamการอบรมgaan òp-romทั้งtángสามsăamวันwanเต็มๆdtem-dtem
To get the maximum benefit, you should attend the training for the full three days.
2AdverbB2
squarely; directly; head‑on
with full impact or effect; taking something directly without deflection (e.g., to be hit squarely or to receive blame outright)
Examples
เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillไม่ได้mâi dâaiไม่ได้mâi dâai1cannot; not allowed; impossible2did not3[to] fail to get/receive [sth]4unacceptable; not allowed (won’t do)5No way!; absolutely not6not really/actually (corrective)ทำผิดtam pìtทำผิดtam pìt1[to] do wrong; make a mistake2[to] commit an offense; break a rule/lawแต่dtàeแต่dtàe1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)กลับglàpกลับglàp1[to] return; go/come back2[to] turn over/flip/reverse3back; in return4contrary; on the contraryต้องdtôngต้องdtông1must; have to2must; bound toรับผิดráp pìtรับผิดráp pìt1[to] take responsibility; accept liability2[to] accept blameไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already past5too; excessivelyเต็มๆdtem-dtemเต็มๆdtem-dtem1fully; completely; in full (no reduction)2squarely; directly; head‑on3plainly; clearly (unobstructed)
He didn't do anything wrong, but he had to take the full blame.
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The ball flew and hit him squarely in the face, knocking his glasses off.
คำวิจารณ์kam wí-jaanของkŏngหัวหน้าhŭua nâaเมื่อเช้าmêuua cháoโดนใจdohn jaiดำdamผมpŏmเต็มๆdtem-dtemเลยloie
The boss's criticism this morning hit me right where it hurts.
ถึงแม้จะtĕung máe jàพยายามpà-yaa-yaamหลบlòpแล้วláeoเขาkăoก็gâwยังyangรับrápแรงกระแทกraeng grà-tâekจากjàakมอเตอร์ไซค์mo-dter-sáiที่têeเสียหลักsĭia làkมาmaaเต็มๆdtem-dtem
Even though he tried to dodge, he still took the full impact from the motorcycle that lost control.
3AdverbB2
plainly; clearly (unobstructed)
clearly or unmistakably, as when seeing or hearing something without obstruction (e.g., to see something clearly with nothing in the way)
Examples
เมื่อคืนmêuua keunเมื่อคืนmêuua keun1last night (the night before today)2last nightฉันchănฉันchăn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)เห็นhĕnเห็นhĕn1[to] see2[to] notice; [to] realize; [to] find (that)3[to] think; [to] be of the opinion4[to] consider; [to] regard asดาวตกdaao dtòkดาวตกdaao dtòkshooting star; meteorด้วยdûuayด้วยdûuay1with; together with2also; too; as well3by; by means of; using4because of; due to5because; since (formal/literary)6request particle; please; tooตาdtaaตาdtaa1eye2grandfather (maternal)3elderly man; grandpa (informal)4grid square; mesh5turn (in a game)6eye (classifier for small holes/mesh openings)ตัวเองdtuua engตัวเองdtuua eng1oneself; myself; yourself; themselves2you (intimate)3self; one's own selfเต็มๆdtem-dtemเต็มๆdtem-dtem1fully; completely; in full (no reduction)2squarely; directly; head‑on3plainly; clearly (unobstructed)เลยloieเลยloie1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceedสวยมากsŭuai mâakสวยมากsŭuai mâakvery beautiful; gorgeous
Last night I saw a shooting star clearly with my own eyes, it was so beautiful.
3 more examplesShow less
เขาkăoได้ยินdâi-yinเสียงsĭiangเจ้านายjâo naaiคุยkuiโทรศัพท์toh-rá-sàpเต็มๆdtem-dtemสองsŏngหูhŏoแต่dtàeแกล้งทำเป็นglâeng tam bpenไม่ได้mâi dâaiยินyin
He heard the boss's phone conversation loud and clear, but pretended he didn't hear.
กล้องวงจรปิดglông wong-jon bpìtจับภาพjàp pâapใบหน้าbai nâaคนร้ายkon ráaiได้dâiแบบbàepเต็มๆdtem-dtemตอนที่dton têeเขาkăoหันมาhăn maaมองmongกล้องglâwngพอดีpo dee
The CCTV captured the culprit's face unmistakably when he happened to look right at the camera.
ถึงจะtĕung jàอยู่yòoไกลglaiจากjàakเวทีway-teeแต่dtàeก็gâwได้ยินdâi-yinเสียงsĭiangนักร้องnák róngสดๆsòt sòtแบบbàepเต็มๆdtem-dtemทุกtúkคำร้องkam róngเลยloie
Even though I was far from the stage, I could hear the singer's live voice clearly, every single lyric.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is เต็มๆ said เต็ม-เต็ม?
dtem-dtem
Thai spelling does not always show how a word sounds. This is how it is said.
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ม, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dtem
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |