อึด
ʉ̀tMeanings
1AdjectiveB1
enduring; tough; resilient; durable
Able to keep going under long effort or stress; physically or mentally tough; of things, long-lasting or durable.
Examples
พี่ชายpêe chaaiพี่ชายpêe chaaiolder brother; elder male siblingวิ่งwîngวิ่งwîng1[to] run2[to] run (operate; be in service)3[to] flow; courseได้dâiได้dâi1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerนานมากnaan mâakนานมากnaan mâakfor a very long timeเขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillอึดèutอึดèut1enduring; tough; resilient; durable2hard to kill/defeatจริงjingจริงjing1true; real; genuine2really; truly; indeed3intensifier particle (final)4truth; reality (rare as noun)ๆ-
My older brother can run for a long time; he’s really tough/enduring.
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นักปีนเขาnák-bpiin-kǎoคนนี้kon-níiอึดʉ̀tมากmâakเดินdəənต่อdtɔ̀ɔได้dâaiแม้mɛ́ɛฝนตกfǒn-dtòkและlɛ́ลมแรงlom-rɛɛng
This climber is very tough and can keep going even in rain and strong winds.
โทรศัพท์too-rá-sàpรุ่นrûnนี้níiแบตอึดbɛ̀t-ʉ̀tใช้งานchái-ngaanทั้งวันtáng-wanก็gɔ̂ยังyangไม่mâiหมดmòt
This phone model has a long-lasting battery; it lasts all day.
เธอtəəใจjaiอึดʉ̀tรับrápแรงกดดันrɛɛng-gòt-danจากjàakงานngaanหนักnàkได้dâaiโดยdooiยังyangรักษาrák-sǎaคุณภาพkun-ná-pâapงานngaanอย่างสม่ำเสมอyàang-sà-màm-sà-mə̌ə
She is mentally tough and can handle heavy work pressure while consistently maintaining quality.
2AdjectiveB2
hard to kill/defeat
Very difficult to kill, defeat, or stop; unusually persistent in staying active or alive.
Examples
ซอมบี้sɔɔm-bîiซอมบี้sɔɔm-bîi1zombie (undead creature)2zombie (lifeless person)3Zombie (cocktail)ตัวนั้นdtuua-nánตัวนั้นdtuua-nánthat one [animal, item]อึดʉ̀tอึดʉ̀t1enduring; tough; resilient; durable2hard to kill/defeatมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerousยิงyingยิงying1[to] shoot; fire2[to] shoot (in sports)3[to] photograph (slang)ไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already pastหลายlǎaiหลายlǎaimany; severalครั้งkrángครั้งkráng1time; occasion; instance2classifier for occurrences or timesก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ล้มlómล้มlóm1to fall; topple2to collapse; fail3[to] knock down; fell4[to] cancel; scrap; scuttle5[to] overthrow; topple
That zombie is very hard to kill; even after many shots, it still doesn’t fall.
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ไวรัสwai-rátสายพันธุ์sǎai-panนี้níiอึดʉ̀tมากmâakแม้mɛ́ɛจะjàใช้cháiยาฆ่าเชื้อyaa-kâa-chʉ́ʉaแล้วlɛ́ɛoมันmanก็gɔ̂ยังyangไม่ตายmâi-dtaai
This virus strain is very hard to kill; even after using disinfectant, it still survives.
รัฐบาลrát-tà-baanพยายามpá-yaa-yaamกวาดล้างgwàat-láangขบวนการkà-buuan-gaanนี้níiมาmaaหลายlǎaiปีbpiiแต่dtɛ̀ɛเครือข่ายkrʉʉa-kàaiยังyangอึดʉ̀tและlɛ́ขยายตัวkà-yǎai-dtuuaต่อไปdtɔ̀ɔ-bpai
The government has tried to eradicate this movement for years, but the network remains persistent and keeps expanding.
กระแสข่าวgrà-sɛ̌ɛ-kàaoลือlʉʉเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangนั้นnánอึดʉ̀tเหลือเกินlʉ̌ʉa-gəənโต้แย้งdtôo-yɛ́ɛngกี่gìiรอบrɔ̂ɔpก็gɔ̂ไม่mâiยอมyɔɔmเงียบหายngîiap-hǎai
That rumor is incredibly persistent; no matter how many times it’s refuted, it refuses to die down.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -ด, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
ʉ̀t
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |