สุ่ม
sùmMeanings
1NounB1
basket fish trap
a bottomless woven basket pushed down into shallow water to trap fish
Examples
พ่อpɔ̂ɔพ่อpɔ̂ɔ1father; dad2sir; mister (rural/archaic)3prefix: male person; leader; father figureเอาaoเอาao1[to] take; get; pick2[to] want (request/ordering)3[to] use; employ4[to] bring/take (for use)5marker: adverse consequence6come on; all right; go ahead7[to] have sex (vulgar slang)8auxiliary marking emphasis or resultสุ่มsùmสุ่มsùm1basket fish trap2coop for poultry3random; haphazard (adv/adj)ไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already pastวางwaangวางwaang1[to] put; place; set (down)2[to] hang up (the phone); end a call3[to] lay (eggs)4[to] lay out; formulate; establish (plan/policy/system)5[to] set; assign; impose6[to] let go of; relinquish (attachment/prejudice)ริมคลองrim-klɔɔngริมคลองrim-klɔɔng1by/along the canal2canal-side; beside a canal3canal-side; canal bankไว้wáiไว้wái1[to] keep; save; store2[to] set aside; reserve3for later; in reserve4[to] leave (something) as is5marks retention or maintenance of a state6[to] wear; sport (hair/moustache/etc.)ดักdàkดักdàk1[to] set a trap; ambush; lie in wait2[to] intercept; cut off (someone’s path or message)3[to] head off; preempt [sb]/[sth] (colloquial)ปลาbplaaปลาbplaa1fish (animal)2fish (as food)3classifier: ตัว
Dad placed a woven fish trap by the canal to catch fish.
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ชาวบ้านchaao-bâanใช้cháiสุ่มsùmไม้ไผ่máai-pàiตั้งไว้dtâng-wáiในnaiลำธารlam-taanแล้วlɛ́ɛoกลับมาglàp-maaดูduuตอนเย็นdtɔɔn-yen
Villagers set a bamboo trap in the stream and come back to check it in the evening.
เขาkǎoวางwaangสุ่มsùmหลายlǎaiใบbaiเป็นแถวbpen-tɛ̌ɛoเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiปลาว่ายbplaa-wâaiเข้าไปkâo-bpaiติดdtìtง่ายขึ้นngâai-kʉ̂n
He arranged several traps in a row so fish would swim in and get caught more easily.
ฤดูน้ำหลากrʉ́-duu-náam-làakชาวประมงพื้นบ้านchaao-bprà-mong-pʉ́ʉn-bâanจะjàเลือกทำเลlʉ̂ʉak-tam-leeน้ำวนnáam-wonแล้วlɛ́ɛoปักสุ่มbpàk-sùmให้hâiแน่นnɛ̂nเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiกระแสน้ำgrà-sɛ̌ɛ-náamพัดpátหลุดlùt
In the flood season, local fishers pick eddies and stake the woven traps firmly so the current doesn’t wash them away.
2NounB1
coop for poultry
a woven cover or cage placed over chickens or other small animals to confine them
Examples
เช้าcháaoเช้าcháao1morning2morning; early-morning3in the morningๆ-ป้าbpâaป้าbpâa1aunt (older sister of father or mother)2auntie; middle‑aged/older woman (address)จะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ครอบไก่krôp gàiด้วยdûuayด้วยdûuay1with; together with2also; too; as well3by; by means of; using4because of; due to5because; since (formal/literary)6request particle; please; tooสุ่มsùmสุ่มsùm1basket fish trap2coop for poultry3random; haphazard (adv/adj)เพื่อไม่ให้pêuua mâi hâiเพื่อไม่ให้pêuua mâi hâiso that not; in order not to; to prevent [sth]หนีnĕeหนีnĕe1[to] flee; run away; escape2[to] avoid; evade; dodge; shirk3[to] elope
In the mornings, Auntie covers the chickens with a bamboo coop so they won’t escape.
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ชาวบ้านchaao-bâanยกyókสุ่มsùmมาmaaวางwaangกลางglaangลานlaanแล้วlɛ́ɛoปล่อยไก่bplɔ̀i-gàiเข้าไปkâo-bpai
Villagers brought the woven coop to the yard and put the chickens inside.
พ่อpɔ̂ɔซ่อมsɔ̂mสุ่มsùmที่tîiแตกdtɛ̀ɛkด้วยdûuaiตอกdtɔ̀ɔkใหม่màiแล้วlɛ́ɛoครอบkrɔ̂ɔpลูกไก่lûuk-gàiไว้wáiตอนกลางคืนdtɔɔn-glaang-kʉʉn
Dad repaired the broken coop with new bamboo strips and covered the chicks at night.
เพื่อpêuuaป้องกันbpông ganสัตว์เร่ร่อนsàt rê-rônแม่mâeจึงjeungใช้cháiสุ่มsùmครอบไก่krôp gàiชนchonที่têeเลี้ยงlíiangไว้wáiหลังบ้านlăng bâan
To protect against stray animals, Mom uses a woven cage to cover the fighting cocks kept behind the house.
3AdjectiveB2
random; haphazard (adv/adj)
done without plan, system, or clear method; at random; haphazardly
Examples
อย่าyàaอย่าyàadon’t; do not (negative imperative)เลือกlʉ̂ʉakเลือกlʉ̂ʉak1[to] choose; select; pick2[to] elect3picky; choosy; selectiveคำตอบkam-dtɔ̀ɔpคำตอบkam-dtɔ̀ɔp1answer; reply2solution; correct answerแบบbɛ̀ɛpแบบbɛ̀ɛp1style; type; kind; manner2model; pattern; design; template3form; questionnaire4in a ... way; -ly (pre-head adverbial marker)สุ่มsùmสุ่มsùm1basket fish trap2coop for poultry3random; haphazard (adv/adj)คิดkítคิดkít1[to] think; consider2[to] calculate; figure out3[to] charge (a price)4[to] intend; planก่อนgɔ̀ɔnก่อนgɔ̀ɔn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerค่อยkɔ̂iค่อยkɔ̂i1gradually; little by little2gently; softly3not very; hardly (with negation)4then; later; only afterทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] act; behave3[to] cook; prepare food4[to] do; carry out (work)5[to] cause; make
Don’t pick the answer at random; think before you act.
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เขาkǎoจับมือjàp-mʉʉหยิบyìpหนังสือnǎng-sʉ̌ʉจากjàakชั้นchánแบบbɛ̀ɛpสุ่มsùmโดยdooiไม่mâiดูduuชื่อเรื่องchʉ̂ʉ-rʉ̂ʉang
He grabbed a book from the shelf at random without looking at the title.
การเก็บข้อมูลgaan-gèp-kɔ̂ɔ-muunแบบbɛ̀ɛpสุ่มsùmโดยdooiไม่มีmâi-miiแผนpɛ̌ɛnทำให้tam-hâiผลวิจัยpǒn-wí-jaiไม่น่าเชื่อmâi-nâa-chʉ̂ʉaถือtʉ̌ʉ
Collecting data haphazardly without a plan makes the research results unreliable.
ถ้าtâaเราraoเลือกlʉ̂ʉakตัวอย่างdtuua-yàangอย่างyàangสุ่มสี่สุ่มห้าsùm-sìi-sùm-hâaผลลัพธ์pǒn-lápจะjàบิดเบือนbìt-bʉʉanและlɛ́วิเคราะห์wí-krɔ́ต่อdtɔ̀ɔได้dâaiยากyâak
If we choose samples completely at random without care, the outcomes will be skewed and difficult to analyze.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
sùm
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |