ต่อยอด
dtɔ̀ɔ-yɔ̂ɔtMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] graft (horticulture)
to graft a scion onto a rootstock to improve or change a plant
Examples
คุณปู่kun-bpùuคุณปู่kun-bpùupaternal grandfather; father's fatherกำลังจะgam-lang-jàกำลังจะgam-lang-jàabout to (imminent future)ต่อยอดdtɔ̀ɔ-yɔ̂ɔtต่อยอดdtɔ̀ɔ-yɔ̂ɔt1[to] graft (horticulture)2[to] build on; [to] develop further; [to] add valueมะม่วงmá-mûuangมะม่วงmá-mûuang1mango (fruit)2mango treeพันธุ์panพันธุ์pan1breed/variety/strain2seed (for planting)3lineage; stock; ancestry4kind/type (colloquial)ใหม่màiใหม่mài1new; not old2new; different; fresh3again; anew4new; inexperienced (novice)บนbonบนbon1on; upon; in; above2upper; top3[to] vow (at a shrine)ต้นdtônต้นdtôn1tree; plant2beginning; early3origin; source; root cause4stem; trunk; stalk; base5classifier: trees; plants; poles6initial; primary (as prefix)เดิมdəəmเดิมdəəm1original; initial2former; previous3as before; originally; same as beforeที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoอยู่แล้วyùu-lɛ́ɛoอยู่แล้วyùu-lɛ́ɛoalready; anyway; of course
Grandfather is about to graft a new mango variety onto the existing old tree.
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ชาวสวนchaao-sǔuanสอนsɔ̌ɔnวิธีwí-tiiต่อยอดdtɔ̀ɔ-yɔ̂ɔtกิ่งgìngมะนาวmá-naaoบนbonต้นตอdtôn-dtɔɔส้มโอsôm-ooเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiทนทานton-taanต่อdtɔ̀ɔโรคrôokมากขึ้นmâak-kʉ̂n
The orchardist taught how to graft a lime branch onto a pomelo rootstock to make it more disease-resistant.
การต่อยอดgaan-dtɔ̀ɔ-yɔ̂ɔtเป็นbpenเทคนิคték-nìkทางการเกษตรtaang-gaan-gà-sèetที่tîiช่วยให้chûuai-hâiเราraoสามารถsǎa-mâatมีmiiผลไม้pǒn-lá-máaiหลายชนิดlǎai-chá-nítได้dâaiจากjàakต้นไม้dtôn-máaiเพียงpiiangต้นdtônเดียวdiiao
Grafting is an agricultural technique that allows us to have multiple types of fruit from a single tree.
นักวิชาการnák-wí-chaa-gaanเกษตรgà-sèetกำลังgam-langวิจัยwí-jaiการต่อยอดgaan-dtɔ̀ɔ-yɔ̂ɔtพืชpʉ̂ʉtทะเลทรายtá-lee-saaiบนbonต้นตอdtôn-dtɔɔพื้นเมืองpʉ́ʉn-mʉʉangเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพิ่มpə̂əmอัตราàt-dtraaการรอดชีวิตgaan-rɔ̂ɔt-chii-wítในnaiสภาพอากาศsà-pâap-aa-gàatแห้งแล้งhɛ̂ɛng-lɛ́ɛng
Agricultural academics are researching grafting desert plants onto native rootstocks to increase the survival rate in arid conditions.
2VerbB2
[to] build on; [to] develop further; [to] add value
to use an existing idea, asset, or result as a base and extend, improve, or leverage it to create additional value or growth (e.g., building on research, reinvesting profits)
Examples
พอporพอpor1enough; sufficient2enough; sufficiently3[to] suffice; be enough4quite; rather; fairly5as soon as; whenธุรกิจtú-rá-gìtธุรกิจtú-rá-gìt1business (commercial activity)2business (company; enterprise)3business affairs; work mattersเล็กๆlék lékเล็กๆlék lék1small; little; tiny (softened by reduplication)2slightly; a littleเริ่มrêrmเริ่มrêrm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toประสบความสำเร็จbprà-sòp kwaam săm-rètประสบความสำเร็จbprà-sòp kwaam săm-rèt[to] succeed; achieve successเขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillก็gâwก็gâw1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerอยากจะyàak jàอยากจะyàak jà[to] want to; would like toต่อยอดdtò yôtต่อยอดdtò yôt1[to] graft (horticulture)2[to] build on; [to] develop further; [to] add valueด้วยdûuayด้วยdûuay1with; together with2also; too; as well3by; by means of; using4because of; due to5because; since (formal/literary)6request particle; please; tooการเปิดgaan bpèrtการเปิดgaan bpèrt1opening (the act)2switching on; activation3official start; opening4opening up; liberalizationสาขาsăa-kăaสาขาsăa-kăa1branch (office/location)2field; discipline3branch (tree/river) [formal/literary]เพิ่มpêrmเพิ่มpêrm1[to] increase; add2additional; more3more; extra
Once his small business started to succeed, he wanted to build on it by opening more branches.
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บริษัทbò-rí-sàtนำnamผลกำไรpŏn gam-raiที่têeได้มาdâai maaต่อยอดdtò yôtโครงการkrohng gaanใหม่ๆmài màiเพื่อpêuuaสร้างsâangการเติบโตgaan dtèrp dtohในnaiระยะยาวrá-yá yaao
The company used its profits to extend into new projects to create long-term growth.
ทีมวิจัยtiim-wí-jaiจะjàนำnamผลการศึกษาpǒn-gaan-sʉ̀k-sǎaเบื้องต้นbʉ̂ʉang-dtônไปbpaiต่อยอดdtɔ̀ɔ-yɔ̂ɔtเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaพัฒนาpát-tá-naaเป็นbpenผลิตภัณฑ์pà-lìt-dtà-panที่tîiใช้งานได้chái-ngaan-dâaiจริงjing
The research team will build upon the preliminary findings to develop a practical product.
หลังจากlǎng-jàakเรียนจบriian-jòpปริญญาโทbpà-rin-yaa-tooเธอtəəก็gɔ̂วางแผนwaang-pɛ̌ɛnที่จะtîi-jàต่อยอดdtɔ̀ɔ-yɔ̂ɔtความรู้kwaam-rúuโดยdooiการทำวิจัยgaan-tam-wí-jaiเฉพาะทางchà-pɔ́-taangที่tîiเธอtəəสนใจsǒn-jai
After finishing her master's degree, she plans to build on her knowledge by doing specialized research in her field of interest.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
dtɔ̀ɔ
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ต่อdtɔ̀ɔต่อdtɔ̀ɔ1[to] continue; go on2per; each (rate/unit)3[to] connect; attach; join4[to] bargain; haggle5[to] renew; extend[to] continue; go onPart 1
+
ยอดyɔ̂ɔtยอดyɔ̂ɔt1top; peak; summit2amount; total; balance; sales3excellent; superb4tip (of plant/shoot)5the best; the finest; the foremosttop; peak; summitPart 2
ต่อยอดdtɔ̀ɔ-yɔ̂ɔtต่อยอดdtɔ̀ɔ-yɔ̂ɔt[to] graft (horticulture)[to] graft (horticulture)Word