hand crank; crank handle
creativity; creative thinking
true; real; genuine (Northern Thai)
[to] suppress one's feelings; hold back
our group; our people; folks (Northern Thai)
[to] court; flirt (Northern Thai)
[to] eat away at; erode; corrode
[to] retort; talk back (that ...)
honeydew (insect secretion)
sooty mold (on plants)
offering; ritual offering
[to] approve; concur; give consent
ritual offerings; sacrificial offerings
[to] give birth (formal)
dissolution in water
chemical (inorganic) fertilizer
limescale; mineral scale
removal; disposal; getting rid of [sth]
immune system
medium; communication channel
disorder; mix-up; muddle
military officer (usually commissioned)
even if; even though; although (often with ก็)
the act of approval
time; occasion (Northern Thai)
combat unit
[to] flash smiles (at people)
rough; coarse (texture)
[to] raise funds; raise capital; fundraise
facial bone structure
learning to dance; dance training
Tha Tien pier/neighborhood in Bangkok
homeland; native land
electromagnet
unsophisticated; behind the times
crimp terminal (wire lug)
elegantly beautiful; graceful and dignified
wearer
Kad Na Mor market (Chiang Mai)
the Middle Ages
conservation project/program/initiative
nest cavity; nesting hole/burrow
an important role; key/critical role
national defense; defense of the country
added value; value added
[to] risk death; risk one’s life
(fig.) group taking on near‑impossible tasks
[to] amount to; be tantamount to
going out; nightlife; partying
ultra-luxurious; super-deluxe
Michelin star (award)
tingling, spicy sensation
[to] sting the nose; catch in the nose (of smell/smoke)
seems; likely; probably
sentence-final softening particle (regional/informal)
nape (back of the neck)
boundary; transition point
painting; painted image
young man; lad (Isan/Northern)
disbelief; scolding emphasis (“This? Seriously?”)
bureaucracy; civil service system
[to] coordinate; liaise
Mars, Incorporated (company)
suspicious; questionable
high-pressure water nozzle; pressure-washer nozzle
driving force; thrust
high pressure
LCD screen/panel technology
LCD technology (liquid crystal display)
villain (in fiction)
perpendicular; at right angles
[to] imply; suggest
lasagna noodle(s); pasta sheets
freestanding
fluent (speech/writing)
shortage; scarcity; lack
motor vehicle(s)
diameter (line segment)
[to] take root; put down roots
at least; by a low estimate
silence (no response)
school counselor (guidance counselor)
official recognition; approval; certification; accreditation; endorsement
burnt-out; demotivated; unenthusiastic
[to] show the way; guide (fig.)
side effect; unintended secondary effect (medical)
[to] waver; be swayed (figurative)
how much; to what extent?
wear and tear; gradual deterioration from use
[to] be obliged to; must (formal)
[to] be/go on air (intransitive)
varnish (clear protective finish)
workpiece; part in process
lustrous beauty; glossy sheen
disclosure; revelation
in vain; to no avail
fuel allowance; gas money
analytics tool (software)
data source (computing/analytics)
cross-team; inter-team