อับทึบ
àp-tʉ́pMeanings
1AdjectiveB1
stuffy; poorly ventilated
having little air circulation; hot, musty, and uncomfortable to breathe
Examples
ห้องนี้hɔ̂ng-níiห้องนี้hɔ̂ng-níithis roomปิดbpìtปิดbpìt1[to] close; shut2[to] turn off; switch off3closed; shut; not open4[to] cover; seal5[to] block; conceal; suppress; withholdหน้าต่างnâa-dtàangหน้าต่างnâa-dtàang1window2window (computing)ทั้งวันtáng-wanทั้งวันtáng-wanall day; the whole dayอากาศaa-gàatอากาศaa-gàat1air2weatherเลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceedอับทึบàp-tʉ́pอับทึบàp-tʉ́p1stuffy; poorly ventilated2dim; not much lightหายใจhǎai-jaiหายใจhǎai-jai[to] breathe; respireไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)สะดวกsà-dùuakสะดวกsà-dùuak1convenient2available; free (time)
This room has had its windows closed all day, so the air is stuffy and hard to breathe.
3 more examplesShow less
พอporเข้าkâoลิฟต์lípคนแน่นkon nâenๆ-ก็gâwรู้สึกrúu-sèukอับทึบàp têupทันทีtan teeจนjonอยากyàakรีบrêepออกòk
As soon as I got into the crowded elevator, it felt stuffy right away, making me want to get out quickly.
กระท่อมgrà-tômริมทุ่งrim tûngไม่มีmâi meeช่องลมchông lomทำให้tam hâiบ่ายbàaiๆ-อากาศaa-gàatอับทึบàp têupและláeร้อนอบอ้าวrón òp âao
The hut by the field has no ventilation, making the air stuffy and sweltering in the afternoon.
ห้องเรียนhɔ̂ng-riianที่tîiปิดbpìtแอร์ɛɛและlɛ́ไม่mâiเปิดbpə̀ətพัดลมpát-lomทำให้tam-hâiบรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatอับทึบàp-tʉ́pจนjonหลายคนlǎai-konเริ่มrə̂əmเวียนหัวwiian-hǔua
With the air conditioner off and no fans on, the classroom atmosphere became stuffy, and many people started to feel dizzy.
2AdjectiveB1
dim; not much light
dark or gloomy with little light; not letting much light in; can also feel closed-in or oppressive
Examples
ห้องนี้hɔ̂ng-níiห้องนี้hɔ̂ng-níithis roomอับทึบàp-tʉ́pอับทึบàp-tʉ́p1stuffy; poorly ventilated2dim; not much lightเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingหน้าต่างnâa-dtàangหน้าต่างnâa-dtàang1window2window (computing)เล็กlékเล็กlék1small; little2young; younger; youngest3minor; slightและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)แสงsɛ̌ɛngแสงsɛ̌ɛng1light2ray; beamเข้าkâoเข้าkâo1[to] enter; go in2[to] put in; insert3in; inward4[to] understand5[to] join; enter (an organization, school, etc.)6[to] fit; suit; match7rice (archaic; dialectal)8[to] enter; reach (a period or stage)ไม่พอmâi-pɔɔไม่พอmâi-pɔɔ1not enough; insufficient2not enough; not sufficiently
This room is gloomy because the windows are small and not enough light gets in.
3 more examplesShow less
ทางเดินtaang-dəənในอาคารnai-aa-kaanดูลึกduu-lʉ́kและlɛ́อับทึบàp-tʉ́pทำให้tam-hâiฉันchǎnรู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀kอึดอัดʉ̀t-àt
The corridor in the building looks deep and gloomy, making me feel confined.
ภาพถ่ายpâap tàaiชุดchútนี้néeเน้นnénบรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatอับทึบàp têupของkŏngตรอกแคบdtròk kâepๆ-ที่têeแสงsăengส่องsòngไม่ถึงmâi tĕung
This photo series highlights the gloomy atmosphere of narrow alleys where light doesn’t reach.
ผ้าม่านpâa-mâanสีทึบsǐi-tʉ́pทำให้tam-hâiห้องรับแขกhɔ̂ng-ráp-kɛ̀ɛkดูduuอับทึบàp-tʉ́pและlɛ́หนักอึ้งnàk-ʉ̂ngจนjonต้องdtɔ̂ngเปลี่ยนเป็นbplìian-bpenผ้าpâaโปร่งbpròongเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiสว่างsà-wàangขึ้นkʉ̂n
The dark curtains make the living room look gloomy and oppressive, so we had to change to sheer fabric to brighten it.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -บ, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
àp
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
อับàpอับàp1stuffy; poorly ventilated2musty; stale3short of; at a loss forstuffy; poorly ventilatedPart 1
+
ทึบtʉ́pทึบtʉ́p1opaque; not letting light through2dense; thick3solid; unbroken (of a line)4stuffy; poorly ventilated5dull; slow to understand6dull; muffled (of sound)opaque; not letting light throughPart 2
อับทึบàp-tʉ́pอับทึบàp-tʉ́pstuffy; poorly ventilatedstuffy; poorly ventilatedWord