หินปูน
hǐn-bpuunMeanings
1NounB1
limestone
a sedimentary rock composed mainly of calcium carbonate
Examples
กาน้ำgaa-náamกาน้ำgaa-náam1kettle; water pot2classifier: กาเก่าgàoเก่าgào1old; not new2former; previous3old-fashioned; outdatedมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoคราบหินปูนkrâap-hǐn-bpuunคราบหินปูนkrâap-hǐn-bpuun1limescale; mineral scale2dental tartar; calculusเกาะgɔ̀เกาะgɔ̀1island2[to] cling; [to] hold on3[to] stick; [to] adhere4[to] come close to shore (of a boat)5[to] rely on [sb] for support or advantage (figurative)จนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofต้มdtômต้มdtôm1[to] boil; simmer2boiled; poached (food)3[to] swindle; con (colloq.)ช้าลงcháa-longช้าลงcháa-long1[to] slow down; become slower2more slowly
The old kettle has limescale buildup, making it boil more slowly.
3 more examplesShow less
The pipes in the house are starting to clog because limescale has accumulated for many years.
เขาkǎoใช้cháiน้ำส้มสายชูnáam-sôm-sǎai-chuuแช่chɛ̂ɛกาต้มน้ำgaa-dtôm-náamเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaสลายsà-lǎaiหินปูนhǐn-bpuunที่tîiเกาะgɔ̀ด้านในdâan-nai
He soaked the kettle with vinegar to dissolve the limescale inside.
ในพื้นที่nai-pʉ́ʉn-tîiหินปูนhǐn-bpuunสูงsǔungน้ำประปาnáam-bprà-bpaaมักmákทิ้งtíngคราบkrâapขาวkǎaoบนbonก๊อกgɔ́kและlɛ́ฝักบัวfàk-buuaจึงjʉngต้องdtɔ̂ngล้างláangด้วยdûuaiกรดอ่อนgròt-ɔ̀ɔnเป็นประจำbpen-bprà-jam
In areas with high limestone content, tap water often leaves white deposits on faucets and showerheads, so they must be cleaned regularly with a mild acid.
2NounB1
tartar (on teeth)
hard mineral deposit on teeth (dental calculus)
Examples
หมอmɔ̌ɔหมอmɔ̌ɔ1doctor; physician2veterinarian3expert; specialist (informal)4traditional healer; shamanบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâa1[to] say/tell that; report/declare that2[of text/sign] say/indicate thatฟันfanฟันfan1tooth; teeth2gear tooth; cog3[to] slash; chop; hack4[to] cut; deduct (informal)5[to] overcharge [sb]; [to] rip off (slang)6[to] rake in money; make a large profit (slang)7[to] have sex (slang)ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoหินปูนhǐn-bpuunหินปูนhǐn-bpuun1limestone2tartar (on teeth)3calcareous deposit (in water systems)ต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already past5too; excessivelyขูดหินปูนkùut-hǐn-bpuunขูดหินปูนkùut-hǐn-bpuun[to] scale teeth; remove dental tartarสัปดาห์หน้าsàp-daa-nâaสัปดาห์หน้าsàp-daa-nâa1next week2next week (time expression)
The dentist said I have tartar on my teeth, and I need a scaling next week.
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ถ้าtâaเราraoแปรงฟันbprɛɛng-fanไม่mâiสะอาดsà-àatหินปูนhǐn-bpuunจะjàเกาะgɔ̀ที่tîiเหงือกngʉ̀ʉakและlɛ́ทำให้tam-hâiเลือดออกlʉ̂ʉat-ɔ̀ɔkได้dâai
If we don't brush thoroughly, tartar will build up on the gums and can cause bleeding.
ฉันchănพยายามpà-yaa-yaamใช้cháiไหมขัดฟันmăi kàt fanทุกวันtúk wanเพื่อไม่ให้pêuua mâi hâiหินปูนhĭn bpoonสะสมsà-sŏmจนjonต้องdtôngขูดkùutบ่อยbòiๆ-
I try to floss every day so that tartar doesn't accumulate to the point that I need frequent scaling.
ทันตแพทย์tan-dtà-pâetอธิบายà-tí-baaiว่าwâaหินปูนhĭn bpoonที่têeขอบkòpเหงือกngèuuakเป็นที่bpen têeสะสมsà-sŏmของkŏngแบคทีเรียbàek-tee-riiaซึ่งsêungเพิ่มpêrmความเสี่ยงkwaam sìiangต่อdtòโรคrôhkปริทันต์bpà-rí-tan
The dentist explained that tartar along the gumline harbors bacteria, which increases the risk of periodontal disease.
3NounB1
calcareous deposit (in water systems)
chalky mineral scale that builds up in water systems, appliances, and pipes
Examples
กาต้มน้ำgaa-dtôm-náamกาต้มน้ำgaa-dtôm-náamkettleที่บ้านtîi-bâanที่บ้านtîi-bâan1at home; at one’s residence2one’s family; people at homeมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoหินปูนhǐn-bpuunหินปูนhǐn-bpuun1limestone2tartar (on teeth)3calcareous deposit (in water systems)เกาะgɔ̀เกาะgɔ̀1island2[to] cling; [to] hold on3[to] stick; [to] adhere4[to] come close to shore (of a boat)5[to] rely on [sb] for support or advantage (figurative)เยอะyə́เยอะyə́1many; much; a lot (of)2a lot; much (colloq.)3excessive; too muchทำให้tam-hâiทำให้tam-hâi1[to] make; cause [sb/sth] to [do/be sth]; render2[to] do/make [sth] for [sb]น้ำเดือดnáam-dʉ̀ʉatน้ำเดือดnáam-dʉ̀ʉatboiling waterช้าcháaช้าcháa1slow2slowly3late; delayed4[to] be slow; be late
The kettle at home has lots of limescale, making the water boil slowly.
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ท่อtɔ̂ɔเครื่องซักผ้าkrʉ̂ʉang-sák-pâaเริ่มrə̂əmตันdtanเพราะprɔ́หินปูนhǐn-bpuunสะสมsà-sǒmหลายlǎaiเดือนdʉʉan
The washing machine hose is starting to clog because of limescale buildup over many months.
เขาkăoใช้cháiน้ำส้มสายชูnám-sôm săai chooแช่châeหัวฝักบัวhŭua fàk buuaเพื่อpêuuaขจัดหินkà-jàt hĭnปูนbpoonที่têeเกาะgòrอยู่yòoนานnaan
He soaked the showerhead in vinegar to remove the limescale that had built up for a long time.
ถ้าtâaน้ำnáamมีmiiความกระด้างkwaam-grà-dâangสูงsǔungหินปูนhǐn-bpuunจะjàก่อตัวgɔ̀ɔ-dtuuaในnaiเครื่องทำน้ำร้อนkrʉ̂ʉang-tam-náam-rɔ́ɔnเร็วกว่าreo-gwàaปกติbpòk-gà-dtìและlɛ́ทำให้tam-hâiประสิทธิภาพbprà-sìt-tí-pâapลดลงlót-long
If the water is very hard, limescale will form in the water heater faster than usual and reduce its efficiency.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
hǐn
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
ปูนbpuunปูนbpuun1cement; mortar; plaster2lime (quicklime/slaked lime)3betel lime pastecement; mortar; plasterPart 2
หินปูนhǐn-bpuunหินปูนhǐn-bpuunlimestonelimestoneWord