หนใด
hǒn-daiMeanings
1AdverbB2
where; in which direction
At or to which place, or in which direction; used chiefly in literary or poetic language.
Examples
เจ้าjâaoเจ้าjâao1lord; master; owner2ruler; prince (royal title)3deity; spirit (title/noun)4prefix: familiar or affectionate term before names or nouns5polite sentence-final particle (Northern Thai, mainly female)6yes; okay (polite, Northern Thai)7you (familiar/regional; archaic/literary)8classifier for businesses, suppliers, or individual partiesอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainหนใดhǒn-daiหนใดhǒn-dai1where; in which direction2on which occasion; which timeข้าkâaข้าkâa1I; me (archaic/poetic; rustic)2servant; subject (historical)3I; me (deferential to royalty, historical formula)ตามหาdtaam-hǎaตามหาdtaam-hǎa[to] look for; search for; seek; track downเจ้าjâaoเจ้าjâao1lord; master; owner2ruler; prince (royal title)3deity; spirit (title/noun)4prefix: familiar or affectionate term before names or nouns5polite sentence-final particle (Northern Thai, mainly female)6yes; okay (polite, Northern Thai)7you (familiar/regional; archaic/literary)8classifier for businesses, suppliers, or individual partiesไปทั่วbpai-tûuaไปทั่วbpai-tûua1[to] go everywhere; travel all over2all over; everywhere (extent marker)แล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)
Where are you? I have searched everywhere for you.
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It is getting dark. Where shall we spend the night?
ไม่ว่าmâi-wâaเจ้าjâaoจะjàอยู่yùuหนใดhǒn-daiขอให้kɔ̌ɔ-hâiรู้rúuว่าwâaยังyangมีmiiคนkonที่tîiเฝ้ารอfâo-rɔɔเจ้าjâaoกลับมาglàp-maaเสมอsà-mə̌ə
Wherever you may be, know that someone is always waiting for your return.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaหมอกmɔ̀ɔkหนาnǎaปกคลุมbpòk-klumผืนป่าpʉ̌ʉn-bpàaนักเดินทางnák-dəən-taangก็gɔ̂ไม่อาจmâi-àatรู้rúuได้dâaiว่าwâaควรkuuanมุ่งหน้าmûng-nâaไปbpaiหนใดhǒn-dai
When thick fog covered the forest, the travelers could no longer tell which direction to take.
2AdverbC1
on which occasion; which time
On which occasion or at which occurrence of something; used chiefly in literary language.
Examples
ได้ยินdâi-yinได้ยินdâi-yin1[to] hear2[to] hear of; be told; learn (by hearing)เพลงpleengเพลงpleeng1song; musical piece2classifier: songs/piecesนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)หนใดhǒn-daiหนใดhǒn-dai1where; in which direction2on which occasion; which timeฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)3like; as (in the manner of)ก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerคิดถึงkít-tʉ̌ngคิดถึงkít-tʉ̌ng1[to] miss [sb/sth]; long for2[to] think of; remember [sb/sth]แม่mɛ̂ɛแม่mɛ̂ɛ1mother; mom2form of address for a woman (traditional/familiar)3prefix: female; main; baseทุกทีtúk-tiiทุกทีtúk-tii1every time; on each occasion2always; invariably3increasingly; more and more
Whenever I hear this song, I think of my mother.
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พบpópสหายsà-hǎaiเก่าgàoหนใดhǒn-daiแม้mɛ́ɛเวลาwee-laaจะjàผ่านไปpàan-bpaiนานnaanเพียงใดpiiang-daiบทสนทนาbòt-sǒn-tá-naaก็gɔ̂ยังyangอบอุ่นòp-ùnเหมือนเดิมmʉ̌ʉan-dəəm
Whenever I meet an old friend, no matter how much time has passed, our conversations remain as warm as ever.
หวนhǔuanระลึกถึงrá-lʉ́k-tʉ̌ngคำสัญญาkam-sǎn-yaaในnaiวันวานwan-waanหนใดhǒn-daiความรู้สึกผิดkwaam-rúu-sʉ̀k-pìtก็gɔ̂กลับมาglàp-maaทิ่มแทงใจtîm-tɛɛng-jaiราวกับraao-gàpเหตุการณ์hèet-gaanเพิ่งpə̂ngเกิดขึ้นgə̀ət-kʉ̂n
Whenever I recall the promise I made long ago, guilt returns to pierce my heart as though it had all just happened.
มีmiiหนใดhǒn-daiบ้างbâangที่tîiข้าkâaผิดpìtคำสัญญาkam-sǎn-yaaต่อdtɔ̀ɔเจ้าjâaoแม้mɛ́ɛการgaanรักษาสัญญาrák-sǎa-sǎn-yaaนั้นnánจะต้องjà-dtɔ̂ngแลกlɛ̂ɛkด้วยdûuaiสิ่งที่sìng-tîiข้าkâaรักrákที่สุดtîi-sùt
On what occasion have I ever broken my promise to you, even when keeping it meant sacrificing what I cherished most?
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
hǒn
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
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หนใดhǒn-daiหนใดhǒn-daiwhere; in which directionwhere; in which directionWord