มะยม
má-yomMeanings
1NounA2
Otaheite/Thai gooseberry; star gooseberry
A small tree (Phyllanthus acidus) and its tart, pale‑yellow, lobed fruit used in Thai cuisine and pickles; also called Otaheite gooseberry or star gooseberry (not the Indian gooseberry, amla).
Examples
หลังบ้านlǎng-bâanหลังบ้านlǎng-bâan1back of the house; backyard2domestic affairs; family side (figurative)3wife (figurative)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoต้นdtônต้นdtôn1tree; plant2beginning; early3origin; source; root cause4stem; trunk; stalk; base5classifier: trees; plants; poles6initial; primary (as prefix)มะยมmá-yomมะยมmá-yom1Otaheite/Thai gooseberry; star gooseberry2star-shaped finial/ornamentลูกlûukลูกlûuk1child; son; daughter2offspring (of animals); young3ball; spherical object4fruit5classifier: fruits, balls, and certain other objectsสีเหลืองsǐi-lʉ̌ʉangสีเหลืองsǐi-lʉ̌ʉang1yellow (color)2yellow (the color)3‘Yellow’ (Thai politics)4yellow (journalism); sensationalistรสเปรี้ยวrót-bprîiaoรสเปรี้ยวrót-bprîiaosour taste; sourness
Behind the house there is a star gooseberry tree with tart yellow fruit.
3 more examplesShow less
Grandma pickles star gooseberries to use in cooking; they have a refreshing tartness.
เมื่อวานmʉ̂ʉa-waanเราraoเก็บgèpมะยมmá-yomมาmaaสองsɔ̌ɔngตะกร้าdtà-grâaจะjàเอาไปao-bpaiทำtamแช่อิ่มchɛ̂ɛ-ìm
Yesterday we picked two baskets of star gooseberries to make candied fruit.
มะยมmá-yomเป็นbpenไม้พุ่มmái pûmเล็กlékๆ-ผลpŏnเป็นbpenพูpuuสีเหลืองsĕe lĕuuangซีดsêetรสเปรี้ยวrót bprîiaoจัดjàtนิยมní-yomทำtamดองdongหรือrĕuน้ำnáamมะยมmá-yomน้ำเชื่อมnáam chêuuam
The star gooseberry is a small tree with pale yellow lobed fruit that is very tart, commonly used for pickles or syrupy drinks.
2NounC1
star-shaped finial/ornament
An ornamental knob or finial shaped like the lobed fruit, used in traditional architecture or furniture.
Examples
ช่างไม้châng-máaiช่างไม้châng-máaicarpenter; woodworkerติดdtìtติดdtìt1[to] stick; attach; fasten2[to] be stuck; be attached; adhere3[to] catch; pick up (disease/odor/habit)4addicted to; hooked on; attached to5close to; adjacent; touching; contiguous6owing; indebted; behind on payments7busy; occupied; tied up8[to] catch fire; light; start; come on9[to] follow closely; keep close toมะยมmá-yomมะยมmá-yom1Otaheite/Thai gooseberry; star gooseberry2star-shaped finial/ornamentบนbonบนbon1on; upon; in; above2upper; top3[to] vow (at a shrine)ยอดเสาyɔ̂ɔt-sǎoยอดเสาyɔ̂ɔt-sǎotop of a pillar, pole, or mastประตูbprà-dtuuประตูbprà-dtuu1door; gate; portal2goal (structure or score)3classifier: doors; gates; goalsเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiso that; in order thatลายไทยlaai-taiลายไทยlaai-tai1traditional Thai motif/pattern2Thai-patterned; with Thai motifsดูduuดูduu1[to] look; watch; see2[to] examine; check; inspect3[to] seem; appear4try; have a go5[to] divine; tell fortuneครบถ้วนkróp-tûuanครบถ้วนkróp-tûuan1complete; comprehensive; entire2completely; in full; in entiretyสวยงามsǔuai-ngaamสวยงามsǔuai-ngaambeautiful; lovely
The carpenter installed a finial shaped like the lobed fruit on the top of the gatepost to complete the Thai decorative style.
3 more examplesShow less
ศาลาการเปรียญsǎa-laa-gaan-bpà-riianหลังlǎngเก่าgàoมีmiiมะยมmá-yomประดับbprà-dàpอยู่yùuตามdtaamสันหลังคาsǎn-lǎng-kaaช่วยchûuaiเน้นnénเส้นสายsên-sǎaiของkɔ̌ɔngจั่วjùuaให้hâiเด่นdènขึ้นkʉ̂n
The old sermon hall has ornamental finials along the roof ridge, accentuating the lines of the gable.
ช่างchângเชิงช่างchəəng-chângจะjàเลือกlʉ̂ʉakสัดส่วนsàt-sùuanของkɔ̌ɔngมะยมmá-yomให้hâiกลมกลืนglom-glʉʉnกับgàpช่วงchûuangเสาsǎoและlɛ́ฐานtǎanเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiเครื่องkrʉ̂ʉangยอดyɔ̂ɔtดูduuเทอะทะtə́-táเกินไปgəən-bpai
A master craftsman chooses the proportions of the finial to harmonize with the span of the column and its base so the crowning ornament does not look bulky.
ตู้dtûuพระธรรมprá-tamสมัยรัตนโกสินทร์sà-mǎi-rát-dtà-ná-goo-sǐnช่วงต้นchûuang-dtônมักmákแกะสลักgɛ̀-sà-làkมะยมmá-yomที่tîiยอดมุมyɔ̂ɔt-mumทั้งสี่táng-sìiเป็นbpenลูกเล่นlûuk-lênเชิงสัญลักษณ์chəəng-sǎn-yá-lákที่tîiสื่อถึงsʉ̀ʉ-tʉ̌ngความสมบูรณ์kwaam-sǒm-buunและlɛ́ความเป็นสิริมงคลkwaam-bpen-sì-rí-mong-kon
Early Rattanakosin scripture cabinets often have carved finials at all four corners, a symbolic touch conveying completeness and auspiciousness.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableShort vowelA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
má
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Short vowel → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
มะmáมะmá1come on; please (urge/invite)2hey!; come! (call attention)3fruit-name prefix (bound)come on; please (urge/invite)Part 1
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มะยมmá-yomมะยมmá-yomOtaheite/Thai gooseberry; star gooseberryOtaheite/Thai gooseberry; star gooseberryWord