พิษ
pítMeanings
1NounA2
poison; toxin; venom
A harmful substance that can cause illness or death when introduced into the body (including animal venom, plant toxins, chemicals).
Examples
เห็ดhètเห็ดhèt1mushroom; fungus (esp. edible)2classifier: ดอกบางชนิดbaang-chá-nítบางชนิดbaang-chá-nítsome kinds; certain typesมีพิษmii-pítมีพิษmii-pít1poisonous; venomous (of animals/plants)2toxic; poisonous (of substances/materials)3malicious; caustic (figurative)กินginกินgin1[to] eat2[to] drink (colloquial/with some nouns)3[to] consume; use up4[to] corrode; erode; eat into5[to] take (a bribe); pocketแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)อันตรายan-dtà-raaiอันตรายan-dtà-raai1danger; hazard2dangerous; hazardous
Some mushrooms have poison; eating them is dangerous.
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เขาkǎoโดนdoonแมลงmá-lɛɛngกัดgàtและlɛ́กลัวว่าgluua-wâaมีพิษmii-pítจึงjʉngรีบrîipไปbpaiโรงพยาบาลroong-pá-yaa-baan
He was bitten by an insect and feared it had venom, so he rushed to the hospital.
We should keep toxic chemicals away from children.
แพทย์pɛ̂ɛtอธิบายà-tí-baaiว่าwâaพิษpítจากjàakงูnguuชนิดchá-nítนี้níiออกฤทธิ์ɔ̀ɔk-rítต่อdtɔ̀ɔระบบประสาทrá-bòp-bprà-sàatอย่างรวดเร็วyàang-rûuat-reo
The doctor explained that the venom of this snake acts quickly on the nervous system.
2NounB1
toxicity; harmful effect
A damaging effect or quality causing harm, injury, or adverse reactions.
Examples
ยาyaaยาyaa1medicine; medication2drug (narcotic/illicit)3chemical/agent4[to] caulk; sealนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)แรงrɛɛngแรงrɛɛng1strong; intense; severe2force; strength; power3hard; strongly (adverbial use)เกินไปgəən-bpaiเกินไปgəən-bpaitoo; overly; excessivelyอาจàatอาจàat1may; might (possibility)2possibly; perhaps3able; capable (literary/formal)มีพิษmii-pítมีพิษmii-pít1poisonous; venomous (of animals/plants)2toxic; poisonous (of substances/materials)3malicious; caustic (figurative)ต่อdtɔ̀ɔต่อdtɔ̀ɔ1[to] continue; go on2per; each (rate/unit)3[to] connect; attach; join4[to] bargain; haggle5[to] renew; extendกระเพาะgrà-pɔ́กระเพาะgrà-pɔ́1stomach (organ)2animal stomach (tripe)ถ้าtâaถ้าtâaif; in caseกินginกินgin1[to] eat2[to] drink (colloquial/with some nouns)3[to] consume; use up4[to] corrode; erode; eat into5[to] take (a bribe); pocketมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
This medicine is too strong and may have harmful effects on the stomach if taken in large amounts.
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เขาkǎoใช้cháiครีมkriimแล้วlɛ́ɛoเกิดgə̀ətผื่นpʉ̀ʉnขึ้นkʉ̂nแพทย์pɛ̂ɛtบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaเป็นbpenผลข้างเคียงpǒn-kâang-kiiangที่tîiเป็นพิษbpen-pítจากjàakส่วนผสมsùuan-pà-sǒmบางbaangตัวdtuua
He used the cream and developed a rash; the doctor said it was a harmful side effect from some ingredients.
ควันkwanจากjàakการเผาgaan-pǎoขยะkà-yàมีพิษmii-pítต่อdtɔ̀ɔระบบrá-bòpหายใจhǎai-jaiทำให้tam-hâiไอaiและlɛ́แสบตาsɛ̀ɛp-dtaa
Smoke from burning trash has harmful effects on the respiratory system, causing coughing and eye irritation.
การสัมผัสgaan-sǎm-pàtสารทำความสะอาดsǎan-tam-kwaam-sà-àatเข้มข้นkêm-kônเป็นเวลานานbpen-wee-laa-naanอาจàatก่อgɔ̀ɔพิษpítต่อdtɔ̀ɔผิวหนังpǐu-nǎngและlɛ́ตับdtàpจึงjʉngต้องdtɔ̂ngสวมsǔuamถุงมือtǔng-mʉʉ
Prolonged exposure to concentrated cleaning agents can have damaging effects on the skin and liver, so gloves must be worn.
3NounB2
ill effect; adverse consequence
A figurative negative effect or repercussion (e.g., the ill effects of gossip or stress).
Examples
คำkamคำkam1word; term2classifier for words/utterances3speech; saying; utteranceซุบซิบนินทาsúp-síp-nin-taaซุบซิบนินทาsúp-síp-nin-taa1[to] gossip; [to] talk behind someone’s back2gossip; backbitingทำให้tam-hâiทำให้tam-hâi1[to] make; cause [sb/sth] to [do/be sth]; render2[to] do/make [sth] for [sb]บรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatบรรยากาศban-yaa-gàat1atmosphere; ambience2atmosphere (gaseous envelope)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ที่ทำงานtîi-tam-ngaanที่ทำงานtîi-tam-ngaanworkplace; officeมีพิษmii-pítมีพิษmii-pít1poisonous; venomous (of animals/plants)2toxic; poisonous (of substances/materials)3malicious; caustic (figurative)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)ไม่มีmâi-miiไม่มีmâi-mii1to not have; lack2there is/are not; does/do not exist3[reply] we don't have it; out of stockใครkraiใครkrai1who2anyone; whoeverไว้ใจwái-jaiไว้ใจwái-jai[to] trust; rely onกันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmark
Gossip makes the workplace atmosphere toxic and nobody trusts each other.
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ความเครียดสะสมkwaam-krîiat-sà-sǒmมีพิษmii-pítต่อdtɔ̀ɔจิตใจjìt-jaiจนjonเธอtəəไม่mâiอยากyàakทำอะไรtam-à-raiเลยləəi
Accumulated stress has a poisonous effect on the mind, to the point that she doesn’t want to do anything.
คำพูดkam pôotประชดประชันbprà-chót bprà-chanซ้ำๆsám-sámทิ้งtíngพิษpítไว้wáiในnaiความสัมพันธ์kwaam săm-panจนjonยากyâakจะjàเยียวยาyiiao yaa
Repeated sarcasm leaves a toxic residue in the relationship, making it hard to heal.
ข่าวลือkàao-lʉʉที่tîiแพร่prɛ̂ɛไปทั่วbpai-tûuaชุมชนchum-chonเริ่มrə̂əmปล่อยbplɔ̀iพิษpítทำให้tam-hâiคนkonแบ่งbɛ̀ngฝักfàkแบ่งฝ่ายbɛ̀ng-fàaiและlɛ́มองmɔɔngกันganอย่างyàangระแวงrá-wɛɛng
Rumors spreading throughout the community began to release their poison, causing people to take sides and view one another with suspicion.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableShort vowelEnds in -ษ, a stop, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
pít
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Short vowel → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |