อุตตมะ
ùt-dtà-máMeaning
1AdjectiveC2
supreme; excellent; best
Of the highest rank or quality; superior or most excellent, chiefly in literary or religious language.
Examples
ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)คัมภีร์kam-piiคัมภีร์kam-pii1scripture; sacred text2treatise; authoritative classicเล่มlêmเล่มlêm1CL: books/volumes/issues2volume; bound book3classifier: knives, swords, candles, cartsนี้níiนี้níi1this2this oneคำว่าkam-wâaคำว่าkam-wâathe word/term (introductory marker)อุตตมะùt-dtà-máอุตตมะùt-dtà-másupreme; excellent; bestใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderกล่าวถึงglàao-tʉ̌ngกล่าวถึงglàao-tʉ̌ng[to] mention; refer to; talk about; discussคุณธรรมkun-ná-tamคุณธรรมkun-ná-tamvirtue; moral integrity; moral goodnessที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerประเสริฐbprà-sə̀ətประเสริฐbprà-sə̀ətexcellent; superb; noble; virtuousสูงสุดsǔung-sùtสูงสุดsǔung-sùt1highest; maximum; supreme2at most; at the highest
In this scripture, the word “uttama” refers to virtues of the highest order.
3 more examplesShow less
กวีพรรณนาgà-wii-pan-ná-naaถึงtʉ̌ngพระราชาprá-raa-chaaผู้pûuทรงไว้song-wáiซึ่งsʉ̂ngคุณธรรมkun-ná-tamอันเป็นan-bpenอุตตมะùt-dtà-máแม้mɛ́ɛพระองค์prá-ongจะต้องjà-dtɔ̂ngเผชิญpà-chəənความทุกข์ยากkwaam-túk-yâakนานัปการnaa-náp-bpà-gaan
The poet describes a king who upholds the highest virtues despite facing countless hardships.
พระอาจารย์prá-aa-jaanกล่าวว่าglàao-wâaปัญญาbpan-yaaอันเป็นan-bpenอุตตมะùt-dtà-máมิใช่mí-châiความสามารถkwaam-sǎa-mâatในnaiการเอาชนะgaan-ao-chá-náผู้อื่นpûu-ʉ̀ʉnแต่dtɛ̀ɛเป็นbpenความรู้แจ้งkwaam-rúu-jɛ̂ɛngที่tîiช่วยให้chûuai-hâiพ้นจากpón-jàakความหลงkwaam-lǒng
The monk explains that supreme wisdom is not the ability to defeat others, but the insight that frees one from delusion.
ผู้รจนาpûu-rót-jà-naaมิได้mí-dâaiถือtʉ̌ʉยศศักดิ์yót-sàkเป็นbpenเครื่องวัดkrʉ̂ʉang-wátคุณค่าkun-ná-kâaของkɔ̌ɔngมนุษย์má-nútหากhàakยกyókความบริสุทธิ์kwaam-bɔɔ-rí-sùtแห่งhɛ̀ngจิตjìtขึ้นkʉ̂nเป็นbpenคุณธรรมkun-ná-tamอันเป็นan-bpenอุตตมะùt-dtà-máซึ่งsʉ̂ngแม้mɛ́ɛผู้ต่ำต้อยpûu-dtàm-dtɔ̂ɔiก็gɔ̂อาจàatบรรลุban-lúได้dâai
The author does not regard rank as a measure of human worth, but holds up purity of mind as the highest virtue, attainable even by the lowliest person.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is อุตตมะ said อุต-ตะ-มะ?
ùt-dtà-má
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
3 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -ต, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
ùt
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |