อายตนะ
aa-yá-dtà-náMeaning
1NounC2
sense base; basis of perception
In Buddhism, one of twelve bases through which we experience things. These are the eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind, and what they sense: sights, sounds, smells, tastes, things felt by touch, and mental objects such as thoughts.
Examples
ในทางnai-taangในทางnai-taangin terms of; in the field/aspect of [sth]พุทธศาสนาpút-tá-sàat-sà-nǎaพุทธศาสนาpút-tá-sàat-sà-nǎaBuddhismตาdtaaตาdtaa1eye2grandfather (maternal)3elderly man; grandpa (informal)4grid square; mesh5turn (in a game)6eye (classifier for small holes/mesh openings)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)รูปrûupรูปrûup1picture; photo; image2shape; form; figure3physique; body shape4statue; sculpted image; figure5grammatical formเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)อายตนะaa-yá-dtà-náอายตนะaa-yá-dtà-násense base; basis of perceptionคู่kûuคู่kûu1pair; couple2classifier for pairs3even (number)4in pairs; double5[to] pair; matchหนึ่งnʉ̀ngหนึ่งnʉ̀ng1one (number)2a; one; a single3a certain; a particular4first; top; foremostเช่นเดียวกับchên-diiao-gàpเช่นเดียวกับchên-diiao-gàp1just as; in the same way that2the same as; likeหูhǔuหูhǔu1ear2hearing; ability to hear3handle; lug; loop (ear-like part)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)เสียงsǐiangเสียงsǐiang1sound; noise2voice3vote4tone; timbre5phonetic toneที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)อีกìikอีกìik1more; another; further2again3else; otherคู่kûuคู่kûu1pair; couple2classifier for pairs3even (number)4in pairs; double5[to] pair; matchหนึ่งnʉ̀ngหนึ่งnʉ̀ng1one (number)2a; one; a single3a certain; a particular4first; top; foremost
In Buddhism, the eye and visible forms constitute one pair of sense bases, just as the ear and sounds constitute another.
3 more examplesShow less
อาจารย์aa-jaanอธิบายà-tí-baaiว่าwâaอายตนะaa-yá-dtà-náทั้งtángสิบสองsìp-sɔ̌ɔngแบ่งเป็นbɛ̀ng-bpenฝ่ายfàaiภายในpaai-naiหกhòkและlɛ́ฝ่ายfàaiภายนอกpaai-nɔ̂ɔkหกhòkโดยdooiใจjaiอยู่ในyùu-naiฝ่ายfàaiแรกrɛ̂ɛkส่วนsùuanความคิดkwaam-kítที่tîiใจjaiรับรู้ráp-rúuจัดอยู่jàt-yùuในnaiฝ่ายfàaiหลังlǎng
The teacher explained that the twelve sense bases are divided into six internal and six external bases, with the mind belonging to the former and the thoughts it perceives belonging to the latter.
ขณะkà-nàฝึกสติfʉ̀k-sà-dtìพระอาจารย์prá-aa-jaanชวนให้chuuan-hâiสังเกตsǎng-gèetการรับรู้gaan-ráp-rúuผ่านpàanอายตนะaa-yá-dtà-náโดยdooiแยกyɛ̂ɛkให้ออกhâi-ɔ̀ɔkระหว่างrá-wàangลิ้นlínที่tîiรับรสráp-rótกับgàpรสrótที่tîiถูกtùukรับรู้ráp-rúuแทนที่จะtɛɛn-tîi-jàจดจ่อjòt-jɔ̀ɔแต่dtɛ̀ɛความอร่อยkwaam-à-rɔ̀i
During mindfulness practice, the monk encouraged us to observe perception through the sense bases, distinguishing the tongue that tastes from the taste perceived rather than focusing only on how delicious something is.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaพิจารณาpí-jaa-rá-naaตามdtaamหลักlàkอายตนะaa-yá-dtà-náทั้งtángสิบสองsìp-sɔ̌ɔngการเห็นgaan-hěnย่อมyɔ̂mเกี่ยวเนื่องgìiao-nʉ̂ʉangกับgàpตาdtaaและlɛ́รูปrûupมิใช่mí-châiหลักฐานlàk-tǎanว่าwâaมีตัวตนmii-dtuua-dtonอันanถาวรtǎa-wɔɔnเป็นbpenผู้pûuเห็นhěnอยู่เบื้องหลังyùu-bʉ̂ʉang-lǎngประสบการณ์bprà-sòp-gaanนั้นnán
Viewed through the framework of the twelve sense bases, seeing involves the eye and visible forms; it is not evidence of a permanent self acting as the observer behind that experience.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is อายตนะ said อา-ยะ-ตะ-นะ?
aa-yá-dtà-ná
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
4 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableA long vowel with no final consonant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
aa
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |