หยุม
yǔmMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] grab; [to] claw
to grab, clutch, or claw at something (especially hair or face) using the fingertips; to pick up a small amount with the fingers
Examples
เด็กdèkเด็กdèk1child; kid2young; not yet grown up3young person (informal)สองsɔ̌ɔngสองsɔ̌ɔng1two; 22secondคนkonคนkon1person; human2classifier: people3[to] stir; mix by stirringนั้นnánนั้นnán1that (distal demonstrative)2that one; that thing3(topic-marking or emphatic particle)ทะเลาะกันtá-lɔ́-ganทะเลาะกันtá-lɔ́-gan[to] argue; quarrel (with each other)รุนแรงrun-rɛɛngรุนแรงrun-rɛɛng1violent; severe; intense2violently; severely; intenselyจนถึงขั้นjon-tʉ̌ng-kânจนถึงขั้นjon-tʉ̌ng-kânto the point of; to the extent thatเข้าkâoเข้าkâo1[to] enter; go in2[to] put in; insert3in; inward4[to] understand (in เข้าใจ)5[to] join; enter (an organization, school, etc.)6[to] fit; suit; match7rice (archaic; dialectal)8[to] enter; reach (a period or stage)หยุมyǔmหยุมyǔm1[to] grab; [to] claw2pinch; clumpหัวhǔuaหัวhǔua1head (body part)2top; end; tip3leader; chief; head4mind; mentality; way of thinking5classifier: head-like items; bulbs; heads of nails/pins6header; title; headline7beginning; initial part8[to] laugh (Isan; archaic in standard Thai)กันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkเลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceed
Those two kids argued so fiercely that it escalated to them grabbing each other's hair.
3 more examplesShow less
แม่ครัวmɛ̂ɛ-kruuaใช้มือchái-mʉʉหยุมyǔmเกลือglʉʉaเล็กน้อยlék-nɔ́ɔiใส่sàiลงไปlong-bpaiในnaiหม้อแกงmɔ̂ɔ-gɛɛngเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaปรุงรสbprung-rót
The cook used her fingers to grab a small pinch of salt and put it into the curry pot to season it.
พอpɔɔเห็นหน้าhěn-nâaแฟนเก่าfɛɛn-gàoเดินมาdəən-maaกับgàpคนใหม่kon-màiฉันchǎnรู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀kหมั่นไส้màn-sâiจนjonอยากจะyàak-jàเข้าไปkâo-bpaiหยุมyǔmหัวhǔuaเขาkǎo
When I saw my ex walking with someone new, I felt so annoyed that I wanted to go over and grab him by the hair.
แมวmɛɛoตัวนั้นdtuua-nánตกใจdtòk-jaiเสียงsǐiangประทัดbprà-tátจึงjʉngกระโดดgrà-dòotเข้ามาkâo-maaกางgaangเล็บlépหยุมyǔmแขนkɛ̌ɛnฉันchǎnจนjonเลือดออกlʉ̂ʉat-ɔ̀ɔk
That cat was startled by the sound of firecrackers, so it jumped and clawed at my arm until it bled.
2ClassifierC1
pinch; clump
classifier for a small pinch, tuft, or clump of something (such as hair, grass, or threads)
Examples
ช่วงนี้chûuang-níiช่วงนี้chûuang-níi1these days; lately; currently2this period (of time); the current periodฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)3like; as (in the manner of)ทำงานหนักtam-ngaan-nàkทำงานหนักtam-ngaan-nàk1[to] work hard2[to] be under heavy loadและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)เครียดkrîiatเครียดkrîiat1stressed; tense; anxious2[to] feel stressed; be under stressมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerousจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofผมร่วงpǒm-rûuangผมร่วงpǒm-rûuang1hair loss; hair shedding2[for hair] [to] fall out; [sb] [to] lose hairออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maa1[to] come out; emerge2[to] be released; be made public3[to] turn out; end up4[to] come forward; speak outเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)หยุมyǔmหยุมyǔm1[to] grab; [to] claw2pinch; clumpเลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceed
Lately, I've been working hard and feeling so stressed that my hair is falling out in clumps.
3 more examplesShow less
พ่อpɔ̂ɔถอนtɔ̌ɔnวัชพืชwát-chá-pʉ̂ʉtที่tîiขึ้นอยู่kʉ̂n-yùuรอบrɔ̂ɔpแปลงผักbplɛɛng-pàkออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaได้dâaiหลายlǎaiหยุมyǔmก่อนจะgɔ̀ɔn-jàนำไปnam-bpaiทิ้งtíng
Dad pulled out several clumps of weeds growing around the vegetable patch before throwing them away.
หลังจากlǎng-jàakสางsǎangผมpǒmที่tîiพันกันpan-ganยุ่งเหยิงyûng-yə̌əngเธอtəəก็gɔ̂ดึงdʉngเศษsèetผมpǒmที่tîiหลุดร่วงlùt-rûuangออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaได้dâaiหนึ่งnʉ̀ngหยุมyǔmใหญ่yài
After detangling her matted hair, she pulled out a large clump of loose hair.
ช่างตัดเสื้อchâang-dtàt-sʉ̂ʉaกวาดgwàatเศษsèetด้ายdâaiที่tîiหล่นlònกระจัดกระจายgrà-jàt-grà-jaaiอยู่yùuบนbonพื้นpʉ́ʉnมารวมกันmaa-ruuam-ganเป็นbpenหยุมyǔmก่อนจะgɔ̀ɔn-jàทิ้งtíngลงlongถังขยะtǎng-kà-yà
The tailor swept the loose threads scattered on the floor into a clump before throwing them into the trash bin.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh classLeading หA silent ห before ย puts this syllable in high class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ม, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
yǔm
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |