ยืนต้น
yʉʉn-dtônMeanings
1VerbB1
perennial; long-lived (of trees)
Describing trees that live for many years rather than dying after one growing season; commonly used in ไม้ยืนต้นไม้ยืนต้นmáai-yʉʉn-dtôntree; woody perennial.
Examples
มะม่วงmá-mûuangมะม่วงmá-mûuang1mango (fruit)2mango treeเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ไม้ยืนต้นmáai-yʉʉn-dtônไม้ยืนต้นmáai-yʉʉn-dtôntree; woody perennialที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerปลูกbplùukปลูกbplùuk1[to] plant; grow (plants)2[to] build (a house); erect; set up (structure)3[to] instill; cultivate (values/habits)ไว้กินwái-ginไว้กินwái-gin[to] keep for eating laterผลpǒnผลpǒn1classifier: fruits2result; outcome3fruit (formal)4benefit; advantageได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerหลายlǎaiหลายlǎai1many; several2very; very much; a lot (Isan)ปีbpiiปีbpii1year2classifier: years
Mango trees live for many years and can be grown for their fruit.
3 more examplesShow less
พ่อเลือกpɔ̂ɔ-lʉ̂ʉakปลูกbplùukไม้ยืนต้นmáai-yʉʉn-dtônริมrimรั้วrúuaเพราะprɔ́อยากyàakให้hâiบ้านbâanมีmiiร่มเงาrôm-ngaoไปbpaiอีกìikนานnaan
Dad chose to plant long-lived trees along the fence because he wanted shade around the house for years to come.
สวนsǔuanนี้níiมีmiiทั้งtángผักpàkที่tîiต้องdtɔ̂ngปลูกbplùukใหม่màiทุกtúkฤดูrʉ́-duuและlɛ́ไม้ยืนต้นmáai-yʉʉn-dtônที่tîiอยู่ได้นานyùu-dâai-naanหลายสิบlǎai-sìpปีbpii
This garden has both vegetables that need replanting every season and trees that can live for decades.
ก่อนgɔ̀ɔnปลูกbplùukไม้ยืนต้นmáai-yʉʉn-dtônใกล้ตัวglâi-dtuuaบ้านbâanควรkuuanศึกษาsʉ̀k-sǎaขนาดkà-nàatเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaโตเต็มที่dtoo-dtem-tîiและlɛ́ลักษณะlák-sà-nàของkɔ̌ɔngรากrâakเพราะprɔ́ต้นไม้dtôn-máaiจะjàเติบโตdtə̀əp-dtooอยู่yùuตรงนั้นdtrong-nánไปbpaiอีกìikหลายสิบlǎai-sìpปีbpii
Before planting a long-lived tree near a house, you should research its mature size and root characteristics, since it will keep growing there for decades.
2VerbB2
[of a tree/plant] die while still standing
To die or wither without falling over; used for trees or plants that remain upright after dying.
Examples
ฝนแล้งfǒn-lɛ́ɛngฝนแล้งfǒn-lɛ́ɛnglittle rain; droughtมาหลายเดือนmaa-lǎai-dʉʉanมาหลายเดือนmaa-lǎai-dʉʉanfor many monthsต้นมะม่วงdtôn-má-mûuangต้นมะม่วงdtôn-má-mûuangmango treeหลังบ้านlǎng-bâanหลังบ้านlǎng-bâan1back of the house; backyard2domestic affairs; family side (figurative)3wife (figurative)4back office; behind-the-scenes operationsยืนต้นyʉʉn-dtônยืนต้นyʉʉn-dtôn1perennial; long-lived (of trees)2[of a tree/plant] die while still standingแห้งกรอบhɛ̂ɛng-grɔ̀ɔpแห้งกรอบhɛ̂ɛng-grɔ̀ɔpdry and crispy; crunchyแต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ล้มlómล้มlóm1to fall; topple2to collapse; fail3[to] knock down; fell4[to] cancel; scrap; scuttle5[to] overthrow; topple
After months of drought, the mango tree behind the house dried up and died standing without falling.
3 more examplesShow less
เช้าcháoวันนี้wan-níiชาวบ้านchaao-bâanพบว่าpóp-wâaต้นยางdtôn-yaangนาnaaในnaiวัดwátยืนต้นตายyʉʉn-dtôn-dtaaiใบbaiเปลี่ยนเป็นbplìian-bpenสีน้ำตาลsǐi-nám-dtaanหมดแล้วmòt-lɛ́ɛo
This morning villagers found that the yangna tree in the temple had died standing, its leaves all turned brown.
โรคrôokเชื้อราchʉ́ʉa-raaทำให้tam-hâiสวนยางsǔuan-yaangหลายlǎaiแปลงbplɛɛngยืนต้นตายyʉʉn-dtôn-dtaaiแม้mɛ́ɛลำต้นlam-dtônยังyangตั้งตรงdtâng-dtrongอยู่yùuก็ตามgɔ̂-dtaam
A fungal disease caused many rubber plots to die standing, even though the trunks remain upright.
ป่าbpàaเสื่อมโทรมsʉ̀ʉam-soomจากjàakน้ำเค็มnáam-kemรุกrúkทำให้tam-hâiต้นdtônจากjàakจำนวนมากjam-nuuan-mâakยืนต้นตายyʉʉn-dtôn-dtaaiไม่mâiโค่นล้มkôon-lómแต่dtɛ̀ɛหมดmòtชีวิตชีวาchii-wít-chii-waa
The forest degraded by saltwater intrusion caused many nipa palms to die standing—still upright but lifeless.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
yʉʉn
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ยืนyʉʉnยืนyʉʉn1[to] stand2standing; upright (posture/position)3fixed; steady; unchanged (figurative)4to be fixed; remain unchanged (figurative)[to] standPart 1
+
ยืนต้นyʉʉn-dtônยืนต้นyʉʉn-dtônperennial; long-lived (of trees)perennial; long-lived (of trees)Word