เปื่อย
bpʉ̀ʉaiMeanings
1AdjectiveA2
tender; softened by cooking
Cooked until soft or tender, especially of meat; sometimes soft enough to fall apart, without necessarily being overcooked.
Examples
เคี่ยวkîiaoเคี่ยวkîiao1[to] simmer; reduce2[to] concentrate; process by prolonged heating3stingy; tight-fisted4[to] drill; train strictly; push hard5[to] nag; harp on; keep pressingซุปsúpซุปsúpsoupจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofผักpàkผักpàkvegetable(s)เปื่อยนุ่มbpʉ̀ʉai-nûmเปื่อยนุ่มbpʉ̀ʉai-nûmfall-apart tender; melt-in-the-mouth
Simmer the soup until the vegetables are soft and mushy.
3 more examplesShow less
This pot of rice porridge was cooked until the grains are nicely mushy.
This bowl of braised pork is very tender and mushy, easy to chew.
แม่mɛ̂ɛบอกให้bɔ̀ɔk-hâiต้มdtômถั่วtùuaต่อdtɔ̀ɔอีกหน่อยìik-nɔ̀iเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiเมล็ดmá-létเปื่อยbpʉ̀ʉaiจนjonแตกdtɛ̀ɛkนุ่มnûm
Mom said to boil the beans a bit longer so the seeds become mushy and fall apart.
2AdjectiveB1
soft and falling apart; rotten/decayed
softened and breaking down from soaking, decay, or rot (food, fabric, wood, etc.)
Examples
ผ้าขี้ริ้วpâa-kîi-ríuผ้าขี้ริ้วpâa-kîi-ríurag; cleaning clothเปียกน้ำbpìiak-náamเปียกน้ำbpìiak-náam1wet with water; soaked2[to] get wet (with water)จนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofเปื่อยbpʉ̀ʉaiเปื่อยbpʉ̀ʉai1tender; softened by cooking2soft and falling apart; rotten/decayed3ulcerated; raw; maceratedและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)ขาดkàatขาดkàat1[to] lack; be without2[to] be short of; run short of; run out of3[to] be torn; tear; rip4lacking; deficient5[to] be absent; miss (an occurrence)6[to] be cut off; be severedง่ายngâaiง่ายngâai1easy; simple2easily; readily
The rag is soaked until it’s rotten and tears easily.
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ขนมปังkà-nǒm-bpangที่tîiลืมlʉʉmไว้wáiในnaiกล่องglɔ̀ngชื้นchʉ́ʉnจนjonเปื่อยbpʉ̀ʉaiและlɛ́มีกลิ่นmii-glìn
The bread forgotten in the box got damp, turned soggy, and smelled.
The fence planks have been rained on for so long that they've become soft and started to rot.
หลังlǎngน้ำท่วมnáam-tûuamฝ้าเพดานfâa-pee-daanเปื่อยbpʉ̀ʉaiจากjàakความชื้นkwaam-chʉ́ʉnและlɛ́ต้องdtɔ̂ngรื้อrʉ́ʉออกɔ̀ɔkเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaซ่อมsɔ̂mใหม่mài
After the flood, the ceiling panels decayed from moisture and had to be removed for repairs.
3AdjectiveB2
ulcerated; raw; macerated
Of skin or tissue, broken down, raw, or ulcerated, sometimes through prolonged moisture; not necessarily producing pus.
Examples
แผลplɛ̌ɛแผลplɛ̌ɛ1wound; sore; lesion; injury (on the body)2wound (classifier: แผล)ที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerเข่าkàoเข่าkàokneeถ้าtâaถ้าtâaif; in caseไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ทำแผลtam-plɛ̌ɛทำแผลtam-plɛ̌ɛ[to] dress a wound; treat a woundให้ดีhâi-diiให้ดีhâi-dii1properly; carefully; well (do X well)2preferably; it would be better to…อาจàatอาจàat1may; might (possibility)2possibly; perhaps3able; capable (literary/formal)เปื่อยbpʉ̀ʉaiเปื่อยbpʉ̀ʉai1tender; softened by cooking2soft and falling apart; rotten/decayed3ulcerated; raw; maceratedและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoหนองnɔ̌ɔngหนองnɔ̌ɔng1pond; marsh2pusออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maa1[to] come out; emerge2[to] be released; be made public3[to] turn out; end up4[to] come forward; speak out
If the knee wound isn’t properly treated, it may ulcerate and ooze pus.
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หมอmɔ̌ɔบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaแผลplɛ̌ɛหลังlǎngผ่าตัดpàa-dtàtเริ่มrə̂əmเปื่อยbpʉ̀ʉaiต้องdtɔ̂ngทำความสะอาดtam-kwaam-sà-àatทุกวันtúk-wan
The doctor said the post-surgery wound has started to fester and must be cleaned daily.
เพราะprɔ́ติดเชื้อdtìt-chʉ́ʉaแผลplɛ̌ɛปลายนิ้วbplaai-níuจึงjʉngเปื่อยbpʉ̀ʉaiและlɛ́มีmiiหนองสะสมnɔ̌ɔng-sà-sǒmใต้dtâaiผิวหนังpǐu-nǎng
Due to infection, the fingertip wound has ulcerated with pus accumulating under the skin.
หากhàakปล่อยให้bplɔ̀i-hâiแผลplɛ̌ɛกดทับgòt-tápเปื่อยbpʉ̀ʉaiนานnaanอาจàatเกิดgə̀ətภาวะแทรกซ้อนpaa-wá-sɛ̂ɛk-sɔ́ɔnจากjàakหนองnɔ̌ɔngและlɛ́เนื้อเยื่อnʉ́ʉa-yʉ̂ʉaตายdtaai
If a pressure sore is left to fester for long, complications from pus and tissue necrosis may arise.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
bpʉ̀ʉai
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |