เครือ
krʉʉaMeanings
1NounB1
vine; creeper; climbing plant
A vine or creeper; a plant with long, trailing or climbing stems.
Examples
เถาtǎoเถาtǎo1vine; climbing stem2classifier: sets of tiered containers3classifier: vines/stems4lineage/ancestral line (literary)เครือkrʉʉaเครือkrʉʉa1vine; creeper; climbing plant2network; group; conglomerate3family line; kin network (regional/literary)ฟักทองfák-tɔɔngฟักทองfák-tɔɔngpumpkin; squash (Cucurbita moschata/pepo)เลื้อยlʉ́ʉaiเลื้อยlʉ́ʉai1[to] crawl; creep; slither2[to] climb/spread (of vines/plants)ไปตามbpai-dtaamไปตามbpai-dtaam1[to] go along [sth]; [to] follow [sth]2[to] go get [sb]; [to] fetchรั้วrúuaรั้วrúua1fence; enclosure2railings; barrier
The pumpkin vine creeps along the fence.
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The bitter gourd vine climbed the wooden post up to the eaves.
หน้าบ้านnâa-bâanมีmiiเครือkrʉʉaดอกdɔ̀ɔkไม้เลื้อยmáai-lʉ́ʉaiคลุมklumซุ้มsúmทำให้tam-hâiร่มรื่นrôm-rʉ̂ʉnทั้งวันtáng-wan
At the front of the house, a flowering creeper covers the arbor, making it shady all day.
ชาวสวนchaao-sǔuanขึงkʉ̌ngลวดlûuatให้hâiเครือkrʉʉaแตงกวาdtɛɛng-gwaaไต่dtàiขึ้นไปkʉ̂n-bpaiเป็นแนวbpen-nɛɛoเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiอากาศaa-gàatถ่ายเทtàai-teeและlɛ́ผลpǒnไม่mâiแตะdtɛ̀ดินdin
The gardener stretched wires for the cucumber vines to climb in rows, allowing airflow and keeping the fruit off the ground.
2NounB2
network; group; conglomerate
A connected group of people or organizations; a network or corporate group (e.g., business conglomerate).
Examples
บริษัทในเครือbɔɔ-rí-sàt-nai-krʉʉaบริษัทในเครือbɔɔ-rí-sàt-nai-krʉʉaaffiliated company; group companyเดียวกันdiiao-ganเดียวกันdiiao-ganthe same; identicalใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderโลโก้loo-gôoโลโก้loo-gôologo; brand markคล้ายกันkláai-ganคล้ายกันkláai-gansimilar; alikeเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiso that; in order thatลูกค้าlûuk-káaลูกค้าlûuk-káacustomer; clientจำได้jam-dâaiจำได้jam-dâai[to] remember [sth]; [to] recall [sth]; [to] recognize [sb/sth]ง่ายngâaiง่ายngâai1easy; simple2easily; readily
Companies in the same corporate group use similar logos so customers can recognize them easily.
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เขาkǎoทำงานtam-ngaanอยู่yùuในเครือnai-krʉʉaสื่อsʉ̀ʉขนาดใหญ่kà-nàat-yàiที่tîiมีmiiทั้งtángสถานีsà-tǎa-niiทีวีtii-wiiและlɛ́เว็บไซต์wép-sáiข่าวkàao
He works in a large media network that has both TV stations and news websites.
เครือธุรกิจkrʉʉa-tú-rá-gìtนี้níiกระจายgrà-jaaiการลงทุนgaan-long-tunไปbpaiหลายlǎaiประเทศbprà-têetเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaกระจายความเสี่ยงgrà-jaai-kwaam-sìiang
This business conglomerate diversifies investments across many countries to spread risk.
มหาวิทยาลัยmá-hǎa-wít-tá-yaa-laiได้dâaiจับมือjàp-mʉʉกับgàpเครือkrʉʉaโรงพยาบาลเอกชนroong-pá-yaa-baan-èek-gà-chonเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaพัฒนางานpát-tá-naa-ngaanวิจัยwí-jaiร่วมกันrûuam-gan
The university partnered with a private hospital network to jointly develop research.
3NounC1
family line; kin network (regional/literary)
A lineage or extended kin group; used regionally or in literary style.
Examples
ตระกูลdtrà-guunตระกูลdtrà-guun1lineage; family; clan2family (classification group)ของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎohis; hers; theirsมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoหลายสาขาlǎai-sǎa-kǎaหลายสาขาlǎai-sǎa-kǎamany branches/locations; many fieldsทั้งtángทั้งtáng1whole; entire2all3both4altogether; entirelyเครือkrʉʉaเครือkrʉʉa1vine; creeper; climbing plant2network; group; conglomerate3family line; kin network (regional/literary)ฝั่งfàngฝั่งfàng1shore; bank2sideพ่อpɔ̂ɔพ่อpɔ̂ɔ1father; dad2sir; mister (rural/archaic)3prefix: male person; leader; father figureและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)เครือkrʉʉaเครือkrʉʉa1vine; creeper; climbing plant2network; group; conglomerate3family line; kin network (regional/literary)ฝั่งfàngฝั่งfàng1shore; bank2sideแม่mɛ̂ɛแม่mɛ̂ɛ1mother; mom2form of address for a woman (traditional/familiar)3prefix: female; main; baseใกล้ชิดglâi-chítใกล้ชิดglâi-chít1close (physical proximity/contact)2close; intimate (relationship)3[to] be close to; keep close contact withกันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
His family has many branches, and both the paternal and maternal kin groups are very close.
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ในnaiหมู่บ้านmùu-bâanนี้níiคนkonเครือkrʉʉaเดียวกันdiiao-ganมักmákช่วยเหลือกันchûuai-lʉ̌ʉa-ganเป็นพิเศษbpen-pí-sèet
In this village, people of the same lineage tend to help each other especially.
ตำนานdtam naanท้องถิ่นtóng tìnบอกเล่าbòk lâoความรุ่งเรืองkwaam rûng reuungของkŏngเครือkreuuaผู้ครองเมืองpôo krong meuuangในnaiอดีตกาลà-dèet gaan
Local legends narrate the prosperity of the lineage that once ruled the city.
เธอtəəภูมิใจpuum-jaiในnaiรากเหง้าrâak-ngâoจึงjʉngสืบสาวsʉ̀ʉp-sǎaoเครือญาติkrʉʉa-yâatไปจนถึงbpai-jon-tʉ̌ngบรรพชนban-pá-chonผู้บุกเบิกpûu-bùk-bə̀əkถิ่นฐานtìn-tǎan
She takes pride in her roots, tracing her extended kin group back to the pioneering ancestors.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow classConsonant clusterIn the cluster คร, the first consonant ค sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableA long vowel with no final consonant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
krʉʉa
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |