ตระกูล
dtrà-guunMeanings
1NounB1
lineage; family; clan
a family line or clan including ancestors and relatives sharing lineage or surname
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillภูมิใจpuum-jaiภูมิใจpuum-jai1proud2[to] be proud (of ...)ที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerสืบsʉ̀ʉpสืบsʉ̀ʉp1[to] investigate; inquire2[to] trace; search for origins3[to] continue; carry onนามสกุลnaam-sà-gunนามสกุลnaam-sà-gun1surname; family name2filename extension (computing)ของตระกูลkɔ̌ɔng-dtrà-guunของตระกูลkɔ̌ɔng-dtrà-guunof the family; belonging to the familyนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)
He is proud to carry on this family surname.
3 more examplesShow less
งานngaanรวมญาติruuam-yâatปีนี้bpii-níiมีmiiสมาชิกsà-maa-chíkจากjàakตระกูลdtrà-guunเดียวกันdiiao-ganมาmaaหลายรุ่นlǎai-rûn
This year’s family reunion has members from the same clan across many generations.
คุณตาkun dtaaเล่าเรื่องlâo rêuuangบรรพบุรุษban-pá-bù-rùtในnaiตระกูลdtrà-gunให้hâiหลานๆlăan lăanฟังfangทุกtúkเทศกาลtêht-sà-gaan
Grandpa tells the grandchildren stories about the ancestors in the family line every holiday.
สมุดsà-mùtประวัติbprà-wàtสกุลsà-gunบันทึกban-tʉ́kลำดับเครือญาติlam-dàp-krʉʉa-yâatทั้งtángตระกูลdtrà-guunอย่างละเอียดyàang-lá-ìiatตั้งแต่dtâng-dtɛ̀ɛต้นตระกูลdtôn-dtrà-guunถึงtʉ̌ngปัจจุบันbpàt-jù-ban
The family record book meticulously documents the kinship of the entire clan from its origin to the present.
2NounB2
family (classification group)
a group of related entities in a system of classification, such as a language family, biological family (taxonomy), or product line
Examples
ภาษาไทยpaa-sǎa-taiภาษาไทยpaa-sǎa-tai1Thai language2Thai-language; in Thai3Thai (school subject)อยู่ในyùu-naiอยู่ในyùu-nai[to] be in [somewhere]ตระกูลภาษาdtrà-guun-paa-sǎaตระกูลภาษาdtrà-guun-paa-sǎa1language family (linguistics)2language family (programming)ไทtaiไทtai1Tai peoples2Tai languages3freedom; independence4Thai (poetic/literary)กะไดgà-daiกะไดgà-dailadder; stairs (dialectal/nonstandard)
Thai belongs to the Tai–Kadai language family.
3 more examplesShow less
This plant is in the same family as the sunflower.
โทรศัพท์too-rá-sàpรุ่นใหม่rûn-màiยังอยู่yang-yùuในnaiตระกูลdtrà-guunเดียวdiiaoกับgàpซีรีส์sii-rîiเดิมdəəmแต่dtɛ̀ɛเพิ่มฟีเจอร์pə̂əm-fii-jə̂əกล้องglɔ̂ng
The new phone remains in the same product line as the previous series but adds camera features.
นักวิทยาศาสตร์nák-wít-tá-yaa-sàatจัดjàtแบคทีเรียbɛ̀ɛk-tii-riiaกลุ่มglùmนี้níiให้hâiอยู่ในyùu-naiตระกูลdtrà-guunใหม่màiตามdtaamข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunพันธุกรรมpan-tú-gam
Scientists classified this group of bacteria into a new family based on genetic data.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid classConsonant clusterIn the cluster ตร, the first consonant ต sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
dtrà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |