ตาแข็ง
dtaa-kɛ̌ngMeanings
1AdjectiveB1
wide awake; unable to sleep
Not feeling sleepy or remaining awake despite trying or being expected to sleep.
Examples
เมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉnเมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉn1last night (the night before today)2last nightฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)3like; as (in the manner of)ดื่มdʉ̀ʉmดื่มdʉ̀ʉm1[to] drink2[to] drink alcoholกาแฟgaa-fɛɛกาแฟgaa-fɛɛcoffee (drink; beans; plant)แล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ตาแข็งdtaa-kɛ̌ngตาแข็งdtaa-kɛ̌ng1wide awake; unable to sleep2unblinkingนอนไม่หลับnɔɔn-mâi-làpนอนไม่หลับnɔɔn-mâi-làp[to] be unable to sleep; [to] suffer from insomniaเลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceed
I drank coffee last night and was wide awake. I couldn't sleep at all.
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ฉันchǎnเข้านอนkâo-nɔɔnตั้งแต่dtâng-dtɛ̀ɛสี่ทุ่มsìi-tûmแต่ยังdtɛ̀ɛ-yangตาแข็งdtaa-kɛ̌ngอยู่yùuจนjonเกือบgʉ̀ʉapตีสองdtii-sɔ̌ɔng
I went to bed at ten, but I was still wide awake until almost two in the morning.
ลูกlûukนอนกลางวันnɔɔn-glaang-wanนานnaanไปหน่อยbpai-nɔ̀iพอถึงpɔɔ-tʉ̌ngเวลานอนwee-laa-nɔɔnตอนกลางคืนdtɔɔn-glaang-kʉʉnเลยləəiตาแข็งdtaa-kɛ̌ng
My child napped a little too long during the day, so they were wide awake at bedtime.
แม้mɛ́ɛจะjàเหนื่อยnʉ̀ʉaiมาmaaทั้งวันtáng-wanฉันchǎnก็gɔ̂ยังyangตาแข็งdtaa-kɛ̌ngเพราะprɔ́มัวแต่muua-dtɛ̀ɛกังวลgang-wonว่าwâaผลตรวจสุขภาพpǒn-dtrùuat-sùk-kà-pâapพรุ่งนี้prûng-níiจะjàออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaเป็นอย่างไรbpen-yàang-rai
Even though I had been tired all day, I was still wide awake, worrying about how my medical test results would turn out tomorrow.
2AdjectiveB2
unblinking
Keeping the eyes open without blinking readily.
Examples
เด็กdèkเด็กdèk1child; kid2young; not yet grown up3young person (informal)สองsɔ̌ɔngสองsɔ̌ɔng1two; 22secondคนkonคนkon1person; human2classifier: people3[to] stir; mix by stirringนั่งnângนั่งnâng1[to] sit; sit down2[to] take; ride [sth] (vehicle)จ้องjɔ̂ngจ้องjɔ̂ng1[to] stare; fix one’s gaze2umbrella; parasol (Northern Thai)3[to] set one’s sights on; target (figurative)กันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkตาแข็งdtaa-kɛ̌ngตาแข็งdtaa-kɛ̌ng1wide awake; unable to sleep2unblinkingเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofดูว่าduu-wâaดูว่าduu-wâa[to] see if; [to] check whetherใครkraiใครkrai1who2anyone; whoeverจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)กะพริบตาgà-príp-dtaaกะพริบตาgà-príp-dtaa[to] blinkก่อนgɔ̀ɔnก่อนgɔ̀ɔn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; former
The two children sat staring at each other without blinking to see who would blink first.
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เขาkǎoจ้องjɔ̂ngหน้าจอnâa-jɔɔตาแข็งdtaa-kɛ̌ngจนjonฉันchǎnต้องdtɔ̂ngเตือนdtʉʉanให้hâiกะพริบตาgà-príp-dtaaบ้างbâang
He stared at the screen without blinking until I had to remind him to blink occasionally.
เธอtəəจ้องjɔ̂ngมือmʉʉของkɔ̌ɔngนักมายากลnák-maa-yaa-gonตาแข็งdtaa-kɛ̌ngโดยdooiไม่mâiยอมyɔɔmกะพริบตาgà-príp-dtaaเพราะprɔ́อยากyàakจับjàpให้ได้hâi-dâaiว่าwâaเขาkǎoซ่อนsɔ̂ɔnไพ่pâiไว้wáiตรงไหนdtrong-nǎi
She stared unblinkingly at the magician's hands because she wanted to figure out where he was hiding the card.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเห็นภาพhěn-pâapจากjàakกล้องวงจรปิดglɔ̂ng-wong-jɔɔn-bpìtเขาkǎoก็gɔ̂จ้องjɔ̂ngตาแข็งdtaa-kɛ̌ngอยู่yùuนานnaanโดยdooiไม่mâiกะพริบตาgà-príp-dtaaราวกับraao-gàpไม่mâiเชื่อว่าchʉ̂ʉa-wâaคนในkon-naiภาพpâapคือkʉʉน้องชายnɔ́ɔng-chaaiของตัวเองkɔ̌ɔng-dtuua-eeng
When he saw the security camera footage, he stared without blinking for a long time, as though he couldn't believe the person in it was his own younger brother.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableA long vowel with no final consonant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dtaa
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
แข็งkɛ̌ngแข็งkɛ̌ng1hard; solid2stiff; rigid; firm3strong; tough (person/stance)4frozen5[to] strengthen; rise in value (of currency)6erecthard; solidPart 2
ตาแข็งdtaa-kɛ̌ngตาแข็งdtaa-kɛ̌ngwide awake; unable to sleepwide awake; unable to sleepWord