ตรงไหน
dtrong-nǎiMeanings
1AdverbA2
where (exactly)
used to ask at what place or location; where exactly
Examples
ห้องน้ำhɔ̂ng-náamห้องน้ำhɔ̂ng-náambathroom; restroom; toiletอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainตรงไหนdtrong-nǎiตรงไหนdtrong-nǎi1where (exactly)2which part/spot3in what way/at which point? (rhetorical)คะkáคะká1polite particle (female; question softener)2polite address or response particle (female speech)
Where is the bathroom?
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Where did you put my keys?
Where does it hurt the most?
ฉันchǎnหาhǎaชื่อchʉ̂ʉของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnในnaiรายชื่อraai-chʉ̂ʉไม่เจอmâi-jəəมันmanอยู่yùuตรงไหนdtrong-nǎiของkɔ̌ɔngเอกสารèek-gà-sǎanเหรอrə̌ə
I can't find my name on the list. Where exactly is it on the document?
2PronounA2
which part/spot
used to ask which part or exact spot of something
Examples
คุณkunคุณkun1you (polite)2Mr.; Ms.; Mrs. (title)3quality; virtue; meritเจ็บjèpเจ็บjèp1sore; painful2[to] hurt; be in pain3hurt (emotionally)4injuredตรงไหนdtrong-nǎiตรงไหนdtrong-nǎi1where (exactly)2which part/spot3in what way/at which point? (rhetorical)ครับkrápครับkráppolite particle (male speaker)
Which part hurts?
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Which part of the shirt has the stain? I can't find it.
คู่มือkûu-mʉʉบอกให้bɔ̀ɔk-hâiเจาะรูjɔ̀-ruuแต่dtɛ̀ɛไม่ได้mâi-dâaiระบุว่าrá-bù-wâaต้องdtɔ̂ngเจาะjɔ̀ตรงไหนdtrong-nǎiของkɔ̌ɔngผนังpà-nǎng
The manual says to drill a hole, but it doesn't specify which part of the wall to drill.
3AdverbB1
in what way/at which point? (rhetorical)
used in challenges or clarifications, often in negative questions, to ask what exactly is wrong or being referred to (e.g., มันผิดตรงไหน?)
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâa1[to] say/tell that; report/declare that2[of text/sign] say/indicate thatฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ทำผิดtam-pìtทำผิดtam-pìt1[to] do wrong; make a mistake2[to] commit an offense; break a rule/lawแต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerไม่รู้mâi-rúuไม่รู้mâi-rúu1[to] not know; be unaware (of); be uncertain2I don't know.ว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeผิดpìtผิดpìt1wrong; incorrect2be wrong; make a mistake3illegal; against the law4improper; inappropriate5wrongly; incorrectly; mis-ตรงไหนdtrong-nǎiตรงไหนdtrong-nǎi1where (exactly)2which part/spot3in what way/at which point? (rhetorical)
He said I did something wrong, but I don't know what exactly was wrong.
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ทุกคนtúk-konบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaหนังnǎngเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangนี้níiน่าเบื่อnâa-bʉ̀ʉaแต่dtɛ̀ɛฉันchǎnว่าwâaสนุกดีsà-nùk-diiไม่mâiเห็นจะhěn-jàน่าเบื่อnâa-bʉ̀ʉaตรงไหนdtrong-nǎiเลยləəi
Everyone says this movie is boring, but I think it's fun. I don't see what's boring about it at all.
ที่tîiคุณkunบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaแผนpɛ̌ɛnของkɔ̌ɔngผมpǒmมีปัญหาmii-bpan-hǎaมันmanมีปัญหาmii-bpan-hǎaตรงไหนdtrong-nǎiช่วยchûuaiชี้แจงchíi-jɛɛngหน่อยnɔ̀iได้ไหมdâai-mǎiครับkráp
You said my plan has problems. What exactly are the problems? Could you please clarify?
การวิจารณ์gaan-wí-jaanของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoไม่มีmâi-miiเหตุผลhèet-pǒnเลยləəiเขาkǎoเอาแต่ao-dtɛ̀ɛพูดpûutว่าwâaมันmanไม่ดีmâi-diiแต่dtɛ̀ɛก็gɔ̂อธิบายà-tí-baaiไม่ได้mâi-dâaiว่าwâaไม่ดีmâi-diiตรงไหนdtrong-nǎi
His criticism is baseless. He just keeps saying it's not good, but can't explain what exactly is not good about it.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid classConsonant clusterIn the cluster ตร, the first consonant ต sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ง, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dtrong
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ตรงdtrongตรงdtrong1straight (not bent)2directly; straight (direction/path)3direct; straightforward; frank4[to] be straight; align5exact; matching; corresponding6[to] head straight toward [sb/sth/somewhere]straight (not bent)Part 1
+
ไหนnǎiไหนnǎi1which (asking to choose)2which one; which person/thing3where (question)4any; whichever (in indefinite constructions)which (asking to choose)Part 2
ตรงไหนdtrong-nǎiตรงไหนdtrong-nǎiwhere (exactly)where (exactly)Word