ฟุ้ง
fúngMeanings
1VerbB1
[to] spread; disperse; waft (smell/smoke/dust)
to spread out or waft through the air, especially of odors, smoke, mist, or fine particles
Examples
ฝุ่นfùnฝุ่นfùn1dust; fine dry particles2particulate matter (air pollution)จากjàakจากjàak1from; away from2[to] leave; depart; part from3nipa palmถนนtà-nǒnถนนtà-nǒnroad; streetฟุ้งขึ้นมาfúng-kʉ̂n-maaฟุ้งขึ้นมาfúng-kʉ̂n-maa[to] waft up; rise and spread (smell/smoke/dust)เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเมื่อmʉ̂ʉa1when; at the time that2at; in; on (with time expressions)รถrótรถrót1vehicle (general)2car; automobileวิ่งผ่านwîng-pàanวิ่งผ่านwîng-pàan[to] run past; [to] run through (a place)
Dust from the road wafts up when cars pass by.
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The smell of incense smoke wafted throughout the pavilion, making many people cough.
ตอนเช้าๆdton cháo cháoหมอกmòkฟุ้งfúngคลอkloไปตามbpai dtaamทุ่งนาtûng naaจนjonมองเห็นmong hĕnบ้านbâanไกลๆglai glaiไม่ชัดmâi chát
In the early morning, mist wafted over the fields, making distant houses hard to see.
พอporเปิดbpèrtฝาfăaหม้อmôrกลิ่นglìnสมุนไพรฟุ้งsà-mŭn-prai fúngกระจายgrà-jaaiไปbpaiทั้งtángครัวkruuaทันทีtan tee
As soon as the lid was lifted, the aroma of herbs wafted through the entire kitchen.
2AdjectiveB2
pervasive; diffused (smell/atmosphere)
spreading widely and filling an area, as of a pervasive scent or mood in the air
Examples
กลิ่นglìnกลิ่นglìnsmell; odor; scentดอกมะลิdɔ̀ɔk-má-líดอกมะลิdɔ̀ɔk-má-líjasmine flowerฟุ้งfúngฟุ้งfúng1[to] spread; disperse; waft (smell/smoke/dust)2pervasive; diffused (smell/atmosphere)3[to] be mentally scattered; have restless thoughtsไปทั่วbpai-tûuaไปทั่วbpai-tûua1[to] go everywhere; travel all over2all over; everywhere (extent marker)บ้านbâanบ้านbâan1house; home2home (family unit)3village; hometown4classifier: หลังหลังlǎngหลังlǎng1back (of body)2rear; back (part)3behind; at the back of4after; later than5CL: building; house; structureเปิดbpə̀ətเปิดbpə̀ət1[to] open; uncover; unwrap2[to] turn on; switch on3[to] start; launch; open for businessหน้าต่างnâa-dtàangหน้าต่างnâa-dtàang1window2window (computing)
The scent of jasmine spread throughout the house after opening the window.
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บรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatความสุขkwaam-sùkฟุ้งfúngในnaiงานเลี้ยงngaan-líiangจนjonทุกคนtúk-konยิ้มyímตามdtaam
A joyful mood filled the party so that everyone smiled along.
ไออุ่นai-ùnจากjàakเตาถ่านdtao-tàanทำให้tam-hâiกลิ่นglìnอาหารaa-hǎanฟุ้งfúngคลุ้งklúngในnaiซอยเล็กsɔɔi-lékทั้งtángสายsǎai
The warmth from the charcoal stove made the aroma of food spread through the entire small alley.
หลังlǎngฝนfǒnหยุดyùtกลิ่นดินglìn-dinชื้นchʉ́ʉnฟุ้งfúngอยู่ในyùu-naiอากาศaa-gàatอย่างนุ่มนวลyàang-nûm-nuuanและlɛ́ยาวนานyaao-naan
After the rain stopped, the scent of damp earth softly lingered and filled the air for a long time.
3VerbB2
[to] be mentally scattered; have restless thoughts
To have wandering, restless thoughts rather than a calm, focused mind.
Examples
เมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉnเมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉn1last night (the night before today)2last nightคิดkítคิดkít1[to] think; consider2[to] calculate; figure out3[to] charge (a price)4[to] intend; planฟุ้งfúngฟุ้งfúng1[to] spread; disperse; waft (smell/smoke/dust)2pervasive; diffused (smell/atmosphere)3[to] be mentally scattered; have restless thoughtsจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofหลับยากlàp-yâakหลับยากlàp-yâakhard to fall asleepเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingกังวลgang-wonกังวลgang-won1worried; anxious2[to] worry; be anxious (about)เรื่องงานrʉ̂ʉang-ngaanเรื่องงานrʉ̂ʉang-ngaanwork matters; businessที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerค้างอยู่káang-yùuค้างอยู่káang-yùu[to] be pending; [to] be stuck
Last night my thoughts were scattered and I had trouble sleeping because I was worried about unfinished work.
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พอporเปิดbpèrtโทรศัพท์toh-rá-sàpแล้วláeoอ่านàanข่าวkàaoเยอะyéhๆ-ใจjaiก็gâwฟุ้งfúngคิดkítไปไกลbpai glaiควบคุมkûap-kumไม่อยู่mâi yòo
Once I turned on my phone and read lots of news, my mind became restless, spiraling out of control.
ถ้าtâaใจjaiฟุ้งfúngให้hâiกลับมาglàp-maaรู้rúuลมหายใจlom-hǎai-jaiแล้วlɛ́ɛoจดjòtรู้rúuว่าwâaเราraoกำลังgam-langคิดkítอะไรà-raiอยู่yùuโดยdooiไม่mâiไปตามbpai-dtaamความคิดkwaam-kít
If your mind is unsettled, return to your breath and simply note what you're thinking without following the thoughts.
ช่วงchûuangเตรียมสอบdtriiam-sɔ̀ɔpฉันchǎnฟุ้งfúngจนjonสมาธิsà-maa-tíแตกdtɛ̀ɛkกระโดดgrà-dòotจากjàakหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔหนึ่งnʉ̀ngไปbpaiอีกìikหัวข้อhǔua-kɔ̂ɔหนึ่งnʉ̀ngโดยdooiไม่mâiจบjòpสักทีsàk-tii
While preparing for exams, I was so ruminative that my focus shattered, jumping from one topic to another without finishing any.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
fúng
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + Mai tho → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |