ผงะ
pà-ngàMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] recoil; stagger back
to move or jerk back suddenly from shock, fear, or surprise; to flinch or be taken aback
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเปิดbpə̀ətเปิดbpə̀ət1[to] open; uncover; unwrap2[to] turn on; switch on3[to] start; launch; open for businessประตูbprà-dtuuประตูbprà-dtuu1door; gate; portal2goal (structure or score)3classifier: doors; gates; goalsแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ผงะpà-ngàผงะpà-ngà1[to] recoil; stagger back2startled; taken abackเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเมื่อmʉ̂ʉa1when; at the time that2at; in; on (with time expressions)เห็นhěnเห็นhěn1[to] see2[to] notice; [to] realize; [to] find (that)3[to] think; [to] be of the opinion4[to] consider; [to] regard asงูnguuงูnguusnakeอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainตรงหน้าdtrong-nâaตรงหน้าdtrong-nâa1right in front; right before one's eyes2in front of [sb/sth]
He opened the door and jerked back when he saw a snake right in front of him.
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เด็กน้อยdèk-nɔ́ɔiผงะถอยpà-ngà-tɔ̌ɔiหลังlǎngเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉanใส่หน้ากากsài-nâa-gàakผีpǐiมาmaaแกล้งglɛ̂ɛng
The little child flinched backward when his friend wore a ghost mask to scare him.
ทันทีที่tan-tii-tîiเธอtəəแตะdtɛ̀ลูกบิดประตูlûuk-bìt-bprà-dtuuที่tîiช็อตchɔ́tเธอtəəก็gɔ̂ผงะpà-ngàและlɛ́ชักมือchák-mʉʉกลับglàpด้วยdûuaiความตกใจkwaam-dtòk-jai
The moment she touched the doorknob that had an electric short, she jerked back and pulled her hand away in shock.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaได้ยินdâi-yinเสียงsǐiangระเบิดrá-bə̀ətดังสนั่นdang-sà-nànจากjàakตึกdtʉ̀kฝั่งตรงข้ามfàng-dtrong-kâamทุกคนtúk-konต่างdtàangผงะpà-ngàด้วยdûuaiความตื่นตระหนกkwaam-dtʉ̀ʉn-dtrà-nòk
Upon hearing the loud explosion from the building across the street, everyone jerked back in panic.
2AdjectiveB2
startled; taken aback
momentarily shocked or surprised in a way that causes a pause or backward reaction
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)รู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀kรู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀k1[to] feel; sense2[to] feel that…; think (impression/opinion)ผงะpà-ngàผงะpà-ngà1[to] recoil; stagger back2startled; taken abackไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already pastนิดหน่อยnít-nɔ̀iนิดหน่อยnít-nɔ̀i1a little; a bit2a small amountตอนdtɔɔnตอนdtɔɔn1section; part2episode; chapter3when; at the time (of)4time segment; periodเห็นhěnเห็นhěn1[to] see2[to] notice; [to] realize; [to] find (that)3[to] think; [to] be of the opinion4[to] consider; [to] regard asราคาraa-kaaราคาraa-kaa1price; cost2[to] cost; [to be] priced atเสื้อsʉ̂ʉaเสื้อsʉ̂ʉa1shirt; top2jacket; coat3classifier: ตัวตัวนั้นdtuua-nánตัวนั้นdtuua-nánthat one [animal, item]มันmanมันman1it (thing/animal)2greasy; oily; fatty3fun; thrilling; highly entertaining4he/she (colloquial, impolite)5starchy tuber; tuberous crop6fat; grease7creamy; rich (texture/taste)แพงกว่าpɛɛng-gwàaแพงกว่าpɛɛng-gwàamore expensiveที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerคิดkítคิดkít1[to] think; consider2[to] calculate; figure out3[to] charge (a price)4[to] intend; planไว้wáiไว้wái1[to] keep; save; store2[to] set aside; reserve3for later; in reserve4[to] leave (something) as is5marks retention or maintenance of a state6[to] wear; sport (hair/moustache/etc.)มากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
I was momentarily shocked when I saw the price of that shirt; it was much more expensive than I thought.
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เขาkǎoผงะpà-ngàเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเจ้านายjâo-naaiบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaเขาkǎoต้องdtɔ̂ngทำงานtam-ngaanวันเสาร์นี้wan-sǎo-níiด้วยdûuai
He was taken aback when his boss told him he had to work this Saturday, too.
เธอtəəถึงกับtʉ̌ng-gàpผงะpà-ngàไปbpaiชั่วขณะchûua-kà-nàเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเพื่อนสนิทpʉ̂ʉan-sà-nìtที่tîiไว้ใจwái-jaiที่สุดtîi-sùtสารภาพsǎa-rá-pâapว่าwâaเป็นbpenคนkonปล่อยbplɔ̀iข่าวลือkàao-lʉʉเกี่ยวกับgìiao-gàpเธอtəə
She was momentarily stunned when her most trusted best friend confessed to being the one who spread rumors about her.
ผู้จัดการpûu-jàt-gaanผงะpà-ngàกับgàpตัวเลขdtuua-lêekขาดทุนkàat-tunในnaiรายงานraai-ngaanไตรมาสdtrai-mâatล่าสุดlâa-sùtมันmanเลวร้ายleeo-ráaiเกินกว่าgəən-gwàaที่tîiใครkraiจะjàคาดคิดkâat-kít
The manager was taken aback by the loss figures in the latest quarterly report; they were far worse than anyone could have anticipated.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ผงะ said ผะ-หงะ?
pà-ngà
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
pà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |