อ้างถึง
âang-tʉ̌ngMeanings
1NounB1
Reference: (letter heading)
used as a heading in official correspondence to indicate the document, file, or item being referred to (equivalent to “Re:” or “Reference:”)
Examples
อ้างถึงâang-tʉ̌ngอ้างถึงâang-tʉ̌ng1Reference: (letter heading)2[to] refer to [sth]; cite [sth]; allude to [sth]; make reference to [sth]จดหมายjòt-mǎaiจดหมายjòt-mǎailetter (mail)ของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsท่านtânท่านtân1you (formal/polite)2he; she (honorific)3sir; madam4honorific title5classifier (polite for persons)ลงlongลงlong1[to] go down; descend2[to] get off (vehicle)3down; downstream4[to] put; apply; record5[to] decrease; go down6[to] land; alight7southward; down-country8[to] publish; post [sth] onlineวันที่wan-tîiวันที่wan-tîicalendar date; specific day of a month10พฤษภาคมprʉ́t-sà-paa-komพฤษภาคมprʉ́t-sà-paa-komMay (5th month)
Reference: Your letter dated May 10th.
3 more examplesShow less
Re: Request for Quotation No. PQ2024-001.
อ้างถึงâang-tʉ̌ngการสนทนาทางโทรศัพท์gaan-sǒn-tá-naa-taang-too-rá-sàpระหว่างrá-wàangเราraoเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaบ่ายbàaiวันที่wan-tîi3มิถุนายนmí-tù-naa-yon
Reference: Our telephone conversation on the afternoon of June 3rd.
อ้างถึงâang-tʉ̌ngมติmá-dtìที่ประชุมtîi-bprà-chumคณะกรรมการká-ná-gam-má-gaanบริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtครั้งkrángที่tîi5/2567เรื่องrʉ̂ʉangการอนุมัติgaan-à-nú-mátงบประมาณngóp-bprà-maanประจำปีbprà-jam-bpii
Reference: The resolution of the Board of Directors' meeting No. 5/2024 regarding the approval of the annual budget.
2VerbB2
[to] refer to [sth]; cite [sth]; allude to [sth]; make reference to [sth]
to mention a person, thing, statement, or source in speech or writing, often as supporting evidence or a point of comparison
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillอ้างถึงâang-tʉ̌ngอ้างถึงâang-tʉ̌ng1Reference: (letter heading)2[to] refer to [sth]; cite [sth]; allude to [sth]; make reference to [sth]งานวิจัยngaan-wí-jaiงานวิจัยngaan-wí-jai1research; research study2research paper/reportชิ้นchínชิ้นchín1piece; item; fragment; slice2classifier: pieces/itemsใหม่màiใหม่mài1new; not old2new; different; fresh3again; anew4new; inexperienced (novice)5hibiscus (Northern Thai)เพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofสนับสนุนsà-nàp-sà-nǔnสนับสนุนsà-nàp-sà-nǔn1[to] support; back; endorse2[to] sponsor; fund3[to] advocate; promoteความคิดkwaam-kítความคิดkwaam-kít1idea; thought2thinking; reasoning3opinion; view4mindset; ideology; way of thinkingของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎohis; hers; theirs
He referred to a new research study to support his idea.
3 more examplesShow less
ในnaiสุนทรพจน์sǔn-torn-pótของkŏngเธอterเธอterมักจะmák jàอ้างถึงâang tĕungแม่mâeของkŏngเธอterในฐานะnai tăa-náแรงบันดาลใจraeng ban-daan jai
In her speech, she often mentioned her mother as her inspiration.
ทนายความtá-naai-kwaamอ้างถึงâang-tʉ̌ngคำตัดสินkam-dtàt-sǐnบรรทัดฐานban-tát-tǎanในnaiคดีká-diiปีbpii2531อยู่yùuหลายlǎaiครั้งkrángเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเสริมsə̌əmความแข็งแกร่งkwaam-kɛ̌ng-grɛ̀ngให้กับhâi-gàpข้อโต้แย้งkɔ̂ɔ-dtôo-yɛ́ɛngของkɔ̌ɔngตนdton
The lawyer repeatedly referred to the precedent set in a 1988 case to strengthen his argument.
เพื่อให้pêuua hâiเข้าใจkâo jaiบริบทbor-rí-bòtทางการเมืองtaang gaan meuuangของkŏngนวนิยายná-wá-ní-yaaiเรื่องrêuuangนี้néeเราraoจำเป็นต้องjam bpen dtôngอ้างถึงâang tĕungเหตุการณ์hèt gaanทางประวัติศาสตร์taang bprà-wàt-sàatในnaiยุคyúkนั้นnán
To understand the political context of this novel, we need to refer to the historical events of that era.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Falling tone
âang
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Mid class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
อ้างâangอ้างâang1[to] claim; assert2[to] cite; quote; refer to3[to] use as a pretext; justify[to] claim; assertPart 1
+
อ้างถึงâang-tʉ̌ngอ้างถึงâang-tʉ̌ngReference: (letter heading)Reference: (letter heading)Word