หาญ
hǎanMeanings
1AdjectiveB1
brave; bold; courageous (formal/literary)
Showing courage or boldness, especially in the face of danger or a challenge. A more formal or literary term than กล้ากล้าglâa1brave; courageous2to dare3seedling; young plant4bravely; boldly (glâa).
Examples
ทหารไทยtá-hǎan-taiทหารไทยtá-hǎan-taiThai soldierล้วนlúuanล้วนlúuan1entirely; all; nothing but2pure; unmixed; wholeหาญhǎanหาญhǎan1brave; bold; courageous (formal/literary)2[to] dare; venture; have the audacity to (formal/literary)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)เสียสละsǐia-sà-làเสียสละsǐia-sà-là[to] sacrifice; be selfless; make sacrificesเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofชาติchâatชาติchâat1nation; country2race; ethnic or national origin3life; lifetime; incarnation4birth; lineage (lit.)
Thai soldiers are all brave and sacrifice for the nation.
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วีรบุรุษwii-rá-bù-rútผู้pûuหาญกล้าhǎan-glâaได้dâaiปกป้องbpòk-bpɔ̂ngหมู่บ้านmùu-bâanเอาไว้ao-wáiจากjàakศัตรูsàt-dtruu
The brave hero protected the village from the enemies.
เขาkǎoเป็นbpenคนเดียวkon-diiaoที่tîiหาญhǎanพอจะpɔɔ-jàพูดpûutความจริงkwaam-jingต่อหน้าdtɔ̀ɔ-nâaผู้มีอำนาจpûu-mii-am-nâat
He was the only one bold enough to speak the truth in front of the powerful.
จิตใจjìt jaiที่têeหาญhăanแกร่งgràengย่อมyômไม่หวั่นไหวmâi wàn wăiต่อdtòอุปสรรคù-bpà-sàkใดๆdai daiที่têeเข้ามาkâo maaในnaiชีวิตchee-wít
A courageous spirit will not waver in the face of any obstacles that come into life.
2VerbB2
[to] dare; venture; have the audacity to (formal/literary)
To have the courage or audacity to do something risky or challenging. A more formal or literary term than กล้ากล้าglâa1brave; courageous2to dare3seedling; young plant4bravely; boldly (glâa).
Examples
ใครkraiใครkrai1who2anyone; whoeverจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)หาญhǎanหาญhǎan1brave; bold; courageous (formal/literary)2[to] dare; venture; have the audacity to (formal/literary)ไปต่อbpai-dtɔ̀ɔไปต่อbpai-dtɔ̀ɔ[to] continue; [to] go onกรgɔɔnกรgɔɔnhand; arm (literary)กับgàpกับgàp1with; together with2and (informal)3side dish; accompaniment4against; versus5to; toward (recipient/target)6classifier: sets/pairs (spoon and fork)เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillซึ่งsʉ̂ngซึ่งsʉ̂ng1which; that (relative pronoun)2which/and this; introducing explanationเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)แชมป์chɛ́mแชมป์chɛ́mchampion; titleholderเก่าgàoเก่าgào1old; not new2former; previous3old-fashioned; outdated
Who would dare to challenge him, the former champion?
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เขาkǎoหาญhǎanสู้sûuกับgàpความอยุติธรรมkwaam-à-yút-dtì-tamแม้mɛ́ɛจะjàรู้rúuว่าwâaตัวเองdtuua-eengเสียเปรียบsǐia-bprìiap
He dared to fight against injustice, even though he knew he was at a disadvantage.
ในnaiที่ประชุมtîi-bprà-chumนั้นnánไม่มีmâi-miiผู้ใดpûu-daiหาญhǎanพอpɔɔที่จะtîi-jàคัดค้านkát-káanความคิดเห็นkwaam-kít-hěnของkɔ̌ɔngประธานbprà-taanได้เลยdâai-ləəi
In that meeting, no one had the audacity to oppose the chairman's opinion.
นางหาญnaang hăanก้าวข้ามgâao kâamขนบธรรมเนียมkà-nòp tam-niiamเดิมๆderm dermเพื่อpêuuaไล่ตามlâi dtaamความฝันkwaam fănของkŏngตนเองdton ayng
She audaciously stepped beyond old traditions to pursue her own dreams.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ญ, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
hǎan
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |