ผกผัน
pòk-pǎnMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] reverse; turn contrary
To change into the opposite or contrary state, direction, or effect.
Examples
สถานการณ์sà-tǎa-ná-gaanสถานการณ์sà-tǎa-ná-gaansituation; circumstancesที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerดูเหมือนduu-mʉ̌ʉanดูเหมือนduu-mʉ̌ʉan1[to] seem; appear; look2apparently; seeminglyจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ดีdiiดีdii1good; of good quality2kind; virtuous3well; nicely4gall; bileเริ่มrə̂əmเริ่มrə̂əm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toผกผันpòk-pǎnผกผันpòk-pǎn1[to] reverse; turn contrary2inverse; inversely relatedกลายเป็นglaai-bpenกลายเป็นglaai-bpen1[to] become; turn into [sth]2[to] turn out (to be) [sth/that]วิกฤตwí-grìtวิกฤตwí-grìt1crisis2critical; at a crisis pointในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)เวลาwee-laaเวลาwee-laa1time2time; period; occasion3when; at the time (that)4classifier: scheduled occasions; meals; dosesไม่กี่mâi-gìiไม่กี่mâi-gìia few; not manyวันwanวันwan1day2daytime; daylight3classifier: days
A situation that seemed good began to flip and turn into a crisis within a few days.
3 more examplesShow less
อารมณ์aa-romของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoผกผันpòk-pǎnจากjàakยิ้มแย้มyím-yɛ́ɛmเป็นbpenเงียบขรึมngîiap-krʉ̌mเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaได้dâaiฟังfangข่าวร้ายkàao-ráai
His mood reversed from cheerful to solemn when he heard the bad news.
ท่าทีtâa-tiiของkɔ̌ɔngรัฐบาลrát-tà-baanผกผันpòk-pǎnจากjàakการสนับสนุนgaan-sà-nàp-sà-nǔnมาmaaเป็นbpenการคัดค้านgaan-kát-káanอย่างชัดเจนyàang-chát-jeenหลังlǎngได้รับdâi-rápรายงานraai-ngaanฉบับchà-bàpใหม่mài
The government's stance shifted from support to open opposition after receiving the new report.
ความนิยมkwaam-ní-yomของkɔ̌ɔngสินค้าsǐn-káaได้dâaiผกผันpòk-pǎnอย่างรวดเร็วyàang-rûuat-reoจากjàakขายไม่ออกkǎai-mâi-ɔ̀ɔkกลับมาglàp-maaขาดตลาดkàat-dtà-làatในnaiเวลาwee-laaไม่นานmâi-naan
The product's popularity reversed quickly, going from not selling to being in short supply in no time.
2AdjectiveC1
inverse; inversely related
Being in an opposite or contrary relationship; often indicates an inverse relation (e.g., in mathematics or economics).
Examples
ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)วิชาฟิสิกส์wí-chaa-fí-sìkวิชาฟิสิกส์wí-chaa-fí-sìkphysics (school subject; class)ความดันkwaam-danความดันkwaam-dan1pressure (force per unit area)2blood pressure3hypertension; high blood pressureกับgàpกับgàp1with; together with2and (informal)3side dish; accompaniment4against; versus5to; toward (recipient/target)ปริมาตรbpà-rí-mâatปริมาตรbpà-rí-mâatvolume (measure of space)มักmákมักmák1often; usually2[to] tend to; usually [do sth]3fond of; inclined toผกผันpòk-pǎnผกผันpòk-pǎn1[to] reverse; turn contrary2inverse; inversely relatedกันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเมื่อmʉ̂ʉa1when; at the time that2at; in; on (with time expressions)อุณหภูมิun-hà-puumอุณหภูมิun-hà-puumtemperatureคงที่kong-tîiคงที่kong-tîiconstant; unchanging
In physics, pressure and volume are often inversely related when temperature is constant.
3 more examplesShow less
อัตราดอกเบี้ยàt-dtraa-dɔ̀ɔk-bîiaกับgàpการกู้ยืมgaan-gûu-yʉʉmของkɔ̌ɔngผู้บริโภคpûu-bɔɔ-rí-pôokมักmákมีmiiความสัมพันธ์kwaam-sǎm-panแบบbɛ̀ɛpผกผันpòk-pǎnคือkʉʉยิ่งyîngดอกเบี้ยdɔ̀ɔk-bîiaสูงsǔungการกู้ยืมgaan-gûu-yʉʉmยิ่งyîngลดลงlót-long
Interest rates and consumer borrowing often have an inverse relationship: the higher the interest, the less borrowing.
แบบจำลองbɛ̀ɛp-jam-lɔɔngชี้ว่าchíi-wâaความต้องการkwaam-dtɔ̂ng-gaanผกผันpòk-pǎnกับgàpราคาraa-kaaอย่างyàangมีmiiนัยยะnai-yáโดยdooiความยืดหยุ่นkwaam-yʉ̂ʉt-yùnเปลี่ยนไปbplìian-bpaiตามdtaamรายได้raai-dâaiของkɔ̌ɔngผู้บริโภคpûu-bɔɔ-rí-pôok
The model indicates that demand is inversely related to price significantly, with elasticity varying by consumer income.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaควบคุมตัวkûuap-kum-dtuuaแปรbprɛɛอื่นʉ̀ʉnคงที่kong-tîiความเสี่ยงkwaam-sìiangและlɛ́ผลตอบแทนpǒn-dtɔ̀ɔp-tɛɛnแสดงsà-dɛɛngความสัมพันธ์kwaam-sǎm-panผกผันpòk-pǎnในช่วงnai-chûuangวิกฤตwí-grìtซึ่งsʉ̂ngสะท้อนsà-tɔ́ɔnพฤติกรรมprʉ́t-dtì-gamหลีกเลี่ยงlìik-lîiangความเสี่ยงkwaam-sìiangของkɔ̌ɔngตลาดdtà-làat
Holding other variables constant, risk and return exhibit an inverse relationship during crises, reflecting the market’s risk-averse behavior.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -ก, a stop, so it is dead.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
pòk
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ผกpòkผกpòk1[to] leap up; [to] spring up2[to] reverse; [to] turn back[to] leap up; [to] spring upPart 1
+
ผันpǎnผันpǎn1[to] divert; channel2[to] fluctuate; vary3[to] turn; turn toward (literary)4[to] vary the tone; recite tonal variations5[to] inflect; conjugate (linguistics)[to] divert; channelPart 2
ผกผันpòk-pǎnผกผันpòk-pǎn[to] reverse; turn contrary[to] reverse; turn contraryWord