บุรพ
bùp-páMeanings
1AdjectiveC1
former; previous; past
former, previous, past, or first (usually used in formal, historical, or literary contexts)
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเชื่อว่าchʉ̂ʉa-wâaเชื่อว่าchʉ̂ʉa-wâa[to] believe (that) ...ที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toพบเจอpóp-jəəพบเจอpóp-jəə1[to] meet; run into [sb]2[to] encounter; come across [sth]กับgàpกับgàp1with; together with2and (informal)3side dish; accompaniment4against; versus5to; toward (recipient/target)ความลำบากkwaam-lam-bàakความลำบากkwaam-lam-bàak1difficulty; hardship2inconvenience; imposition3poverty-related hardship; privationในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ชาติchâatชาติchâat1nation; country2race; ethnic or national origin3life; lifetime; incarnation4birth; lineage (lit.)นี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)เป็นเพราะbpen-prɔ́เป็นเพราะbpen-prɔ́1[it's] because; since2because of; due to [sth]บุรพbùp-páบุรพbùp-pá1former; previous; past2east; easternกรรมgamกรรมgam1damn it; what bad luck! (colloquial)2karma; deed (Buddhist moral causation)3deed; act (with moral weight)4fate; consequence; retribution5object (grammar)ที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerเคยkəəiเคยkəəi1ever; before (past experience)2used to (past habit or state)3shrimp paste (Southern Thai)ทำไว้tam-wáiทำไว้tam-wái[to] make/do in advanceในอดีตnai-à-dìitในอดีตnai-à-dìitin the past; formerly
He believes that the hardships he faces in this life are due to his past karma from a previous existence.
3 more examplesShow less
เราraoควรkuuanศึกษาsʉ̀k-sǎaประวัติศาสตร์bprà-wàt-dtì-sàatเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเรียนรู้riian-rúuความกล้าหาญkwaam-glâa-hǎanและlɛ́ความเสียสละkwaam-sǐia-sà-làของkɔ̌ɔngเหล่าlàoบุรพbùp-páชนchon
We should study history to learn about the bravery and sacrifice of our ancestors.
นักประวัติศาสตร์nák-bprà-wàt-dtì-sàatพยายามpá-yaa-yaamวิเคราะห์wí-krɔ́บุรพbùp-páเหตุhèetที่tîiทำให้เกิดtam-hâi-gə̀ətการเปลี่ยนแปลงการปกครองgaan-bplìian-bplɛɛng-gaan-bpòk-krɔɔngในnaiครั้งkrángนั้นnánอย่างละเอียดyàang-lá-ìiat
Historians are trying to analyze the past causes that led to that regime change in detail.
พระราชพิธีprá-râat-chá-pí-teeนี้néeจัดขึ้นjàt kûenตามdtaamโบราณราชประเพณีboh-raan-ná-râat-chá-bprà-pay-neeที่têeสืบทอดมาsèup tôt maaตั้งแต่dtâng dtàeสมัยsà-măiสมเด็จsŏm-dètพระpráบุรพbù-rópกษัตริย์gà-sàtในnaiยุคyúkกรุงศรีอยุธยาgrung sĭi à-yút-tá-yaa
This royal ceremony is held according to ancient royal traditions passed down since the time of the former kings in the Ayutthaya period.
2NounC1
east; eastern
the east; eastern direction (formal or literary)
Examples
พระอาทิตย์ขึ้นprá aa-tít kûenพระอาทิตย์ขึ้นprá aa-tít kûen1sunrise; sunup2[to] rise (of the sun)ทางtaangทางtaang1way; route; road; path2direction; side3method; means; manner4by; via; through (means or channel)5classifier: roads/routes/ways6in terms of; in the field of7side/party (institutional)บุรพbù-rópบุรพbù-róp1former; previous; past2east; easternทิศtítทิศtítdirection; compass pointในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ทุกๆtúk túkทุกๆtúk túk1every; each (before a noun/classifier)2every (at intervals)เช้าcháaoเช้าcháao1morning2morning; early-morning3in the morning
The sun rises in the east every morning.
3 more examplesShow less
ในnaiวรรณคดีไทยwan-ná-ká-dii-taiมักจะmák-jàมีmiiการกล่าวถึงgaan-glàao-tʉ̌ngการเดินทางgaan-dəən-taangมุ่งหน้าmûng-nâaไปสู่bpai-sùuบุรพbùp-páทิศtítเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaตามหาdtaam-hǎaเมืองลับแลmʉʉang-láp-lɛɛ
In Thai literature, there is often mention of traveling towards the east to search for the hidden city.
วัฒนธรรมwát-tá-ná-tamและlɛ́แนวคิดnɛɛo-kítทางปรัชญาtaang-bpràt-yaaของkɔ̌ɔngบุรพbùp-páประเทศbprà-têetมีความลึกซึ้งmii-kwaam-lʉ́k-sʉ́ngและlɛ́แตกต่างdtɛ̀ɛk-dtàangจากjàakชาติตะวันตกchâat-dtà-wan-dtòkอย่างชัดเจนyàang-chát-jeen
The culture and philosophical concepts of eastern countries are profound and distinctly different from western nations.
กองเรือรบgɔɔng-rʉʉa-rópได้dâaiเคลื่อนกำลังพลklʉ̂ʉan-gam-lang-ponมุ่งสู่mûng-sùuน่านน้ำnâan-náamทางtaangบุรพbùp-páทิศtítเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaลาดตระเวนlâat-dtrà-weenรักษาความปลอดภัยrák-sǎa-kwaam-bplɔ̀ɔt-paiทางทะเลtaang-tá-lee
The fleet of warships has mobilized towards the eastern waters to patrol and maintain maritime security.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is บุรพ said บุบ-พะ?
bùp-pá
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -บ, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
bùp
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
รพro-poรพro-po1hospital; medical center (abbrev.)2loud sound; cry (literary)hospital; medical center (abbrev.)Part 2
บุรพbùp-páบุรพbùp-páformer; previous; pastformer; previous; pastWord