ห้อม
hɔ̂ɔmMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] surround; [to] encircle
to surround, encircle, or enclose (often used in the compound ห้อมล้อมห้อมล้อมhɔ̂ɔm-lɔ́ɔm[to] surround [sb]/[sth]; [to] encircle)
Examples
แฟนคลับfɛɛn-klápแฟนคลับfɛɛn-kláp1fan club (organized group/community)2fan base; the fans collectively3a fan (member/supporter)จำนวนมากjam-nuuan-mâakจำนวนมากjam-nuuan-mâak1many; numerous; a large amount/number2in large numbers/amountsพากันpaa-ganพากันpaa-gantogether; all; en masseมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerห้อมล้อมhɔ̂ɔm-lɔ́ɔmห้อมล้อมhɔ̂ɔm-lɔ́ɔm[to] surround [sb]/[sth]; [to] encircleศิลปินsǐn-lá-bpinศิลปินsǐn-lá-bpin1artist (creator of art)2performing artist; entertainerที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerสนามบินsà-nǎam-binสนามบินsà-nǎam-binairport
Many fans came to surround the artist at the airport.
3 more examplesShow less
เด็กๆdèk dèkวิ่งwîngเข้ามาkâo maaห้อมล้อมhôm lómคุณครูkun kruuเพื่อpêuuaขอดูkŏr dooของเล่นkŏng lênชิ้นchínใหม่mài
The children ran in to surround the teacher to ask to see the new toy.
กลุ่มglùmนักข่าวnák-kàaoพากันpaa-ganเข้าไปkâo-bpaiห้อมล้อมhɔ̂ɔm-lɔ́ɔmดาราdaa-raaหนุ่มnùmเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaขอkɔ̌ɔสัมภาษณ์sǎm-pâatเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangข่าวลือkàao-lʉʉ
A group of reporters surrounded the young actor to ask for an interview about the rumor.
เด็กdèkคนนี้kon-níiเติบโตdtə̀əp-dtooมาmaaโดยdooiมีแต่mii-dtɛ̀ɛความรักkwaam-rákและlɛ́ความอบอุ่นkwaam-òp-ùnห้อมล้อมhɔ̂ɔm-lɔ́ɔmอยู่เสมอyùu-sà-mə̌ə
This child grew up always surrounded by love and warmth.
2NounC1
Assam indigo
a type of plant used to produce traditional blue or indigo dye, commonly used for Northern Thai clothing
Examples
เสื้อsêuuaเสื้อsêuua1shirt; top2jacket; coatม่อmôม่อmô1[to] flirt; [to] hit on [sb]2flirtatiousฮ่อhôrฮ่อhôrHaw; Yunnanese Chineseมขmor kŏrมขmor kŏrKhon Kaen Universityองongภาคเหนือpâak nĕuuaภาคเหนือpâak nĕuua1the North; northern region (of Thailand)2northern (style, food, etc.)ทำมาจากtam maa jàakทำมาจากtam maa jàak[to] be made from [sth]; be made of [sth]การย้อมgaan yómการย้อมgaan yómdyeing; the act of dyeingผ้าpâaผ้าpâa1cloth; fabric; textile2cloth itemด้วยdûuayด้วยdûuay1with; together with2also; too; as well3by; by means of; using4because of; due to5because; since (formal/literary)6request particle; please; tooสีsĕeสีsĕe1color2paint3[to] rub; scrub; polish4flush (poker)5[to] mill; husk (rice)6[to] play (a bowed instrument)จากjàakจากjàak1from; away from2[to] leave; depart; part from3nipa palmต้นdtônต้นdtôn1tree; plant2beginning; early3origin; source; root cause4stem; trunk; stalk; base5classifier: trees; plants; poles6initial; primary (as prefix)ห้อมhômห้อมhôm1[to] surround; [to] encircle2Assam indigo
The northern Mor Hom shirt is made by dyeing fabric with the color from the hom plant.
3 more examplesShow less
ชาวบ้านchaao-bâanในnaiชุมชนchum-chonนี้níiมีmiiรายได้raai-dâaiหลักlàkมาจากmaa-jàakการปลูกgaan-bplùukห้อมhɔ̂ɔmและlɛ́ทำtamผ้าpâaย้อมสีyɔ́ɔm-sǐiธรรมชาติtam-má-châat
The villagers in this community get their main income from growing hom plants and making natural dyed fabrics.
ภูมิปัญญาpuum-bpan-yaaการทำสีgaan-tam-sǐiครามkraamจากjàakต้นdtônห้อมhɔ̂ɔmเป็นมรดกbpen-mɔɔ-rá-dòkทางวัฒนธรรมtaang-wát-tá-ná-tamที่tîiควรค่าkuuan-kâaแก่gɛ̀ɛการอนุรักษ์gaan-à-nú-rákไว้wái
The local wisdom of making indigo color from the hom plant is a cultural heritage worth preserving.
กระบวนการหมักgrà-buuan-gaan-màkต้นdtônห้อมhɔ̂ɔmเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiได้dâaiสีน้ำเงินเข้มsǐi-náam-ngən-kêmนั้นnánต้องdtɔ̂ngอาศัยaa-sǎiความชำนาญkwaam-cham-naanและlɛ́ประสบการณ์bprà-sòp-gaanอย่างสูงyàang-sǔung
The fermentation process of the hom plant to obtain a deep blue color requires high expertise and experience.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Falling tone
hɔ̂ɔm
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
High class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |