ขวัญ
kwǎnMeanings
1NounB2
spirit; vital essence
The animating spirit or vital essence believed to dwell in a person or living being; often referenced in traditional beliefs and rituals.
Examples
คุณยายkun-yaaiคุณยายkun-yaaimaternal grandmother; respectful term for an elderly womanทำพิธีtam-pí-tiiทำพิธีtam-pí-tii[to] conduct a ceremony; perform a ritualเรียกขวัญrîiak-kwǎnเรียกขวัญrîiak-kwǎn1[to] call back the spirit; perform a rite to restore morale2spirit-calling riteให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)หลานlǎanหลานlǎan1grandchild2niece or nephewหลังlǎngหลังlǎng1back (of body)2rear; back (part)3behind; at the back of4after; later than5CL: bed; bed-like platform6CL: building; house; structureหายป่วยhǎai-bpùuaiหายป่วยhǎai-bpùuai[to] recover from illness
Grandmother performed a khwan-calling ritual for her grandchild after recovery from illness.
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ชาวบ้านchaao-bâanผูกข้อมือpùuk-kɔ̂ɔ-mʉʉรับขวัญráp-kwǎnนักเรียนnák-riianใหม่màiตามประเพณีdtaam-bprà-pee-nii
Villagers tied wrist strings to welcome the students' khwan according to tradition.
พิธีบายศรีสู่ขวัญpí-tii-baai-sǐi-sùu-kwǎnเชื่อว่าchʉ̂ʉa-wâaเรียกขวัญrîiak-kwǎnให้hâiกลับมาglàp-maaอยู่yùuกับgàpร่างrâangและlɛ́คุ้มครองkúm-krɔɔngผู้ร่วมพิธีpûu-rûuam-pí-tii
The bai sri su khwan ritual is believed to call the khwan back to the body and protect participants.
ในnaiความเชื่อkwaam-chʉ̂ʉaพื้นบ้านpʉ́ʉn-bâanขวัญkwǎnเป็นbpenพลังชีวิตpá-lang-chii-wítที่tîiต้องdtɔ̂ngประคองbprà-kɔɔngด้วยdûuaiคำมงคลkam-mong-konและlɛ́การผูกgaan-pùukสายสิญจน์sǎai-sǐn
In folk belief, khwan is the life force that must be sustained through auspicious words and the tying of sacred threads.
2NounB2
morale; courage
Mental strength, confidence, or morale, especially in the face of difficulty (e.g., to boost someone’s morale).
Examples
โค้ชkóotโค้ชkóot1coach; trainer2[to] coach; [to] trainพูดpûutพูดpûut1[to] speak; talk2[to] say; speak3[to] tell; talk aboutปลุกขวัญbplùk-kwǎnปลุกขวัญbplùk-kwǎn[to] boost [sb]'s morale; [to] rally [sb]'s spiritsก่อนgɔ̀ɔnก่อนgɔ̀ɔn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerแข่งkɛ̀ngแข่งkɛ̀ng1[to] compete2[to] raceทำให้tam-hâiทำให้tam-hâi1[to] make; cause [sb/sth] to [do/be sth]; render2[to] do/make [sth] for [sb]ทีมtiimทีมtiimteam; groupมั่นใจmân-jaiมั่นใจmân-jai1confident; sure2[to] be confident; [to] be sure (of/about)ขึ้นkʉ̂nขึ้นkʉ̂n1[to] go up; rise; ascend2[to] increase3[to] board; get on4result complement: upward/better5postverbal particle: onset or occurrence6[to] sprout; grow; appear7northward/up-country8waxing phase (of the moon)มากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
The coach gave a morale-boosting talk before the match, which made the team much more confident.
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แม้mɛ́ɛจะjàพลาดplâatเกมgeemแรกrɛ̂ɛkแต่dtɛ̀ɛแรงrɛɛngเชียร์chiiaจากjàakแฟนบอลfɛɛn-bɔnช่วยchûuaiเสริมขวัญsə̌əm-kwǎnให้hâiนักเตะnák-dtèสู้sûuต่อdtɔ̀ɔ
Even though they lost the first game, the cheers from fans boosted the players’ morale to keep fighting.
ผู้จัดการpûu-jàt-gaanต้องdtɔ̂ngรีบrîipกู้ขวัญทีมgûu-kwǎn-tiimหลังlǎngเจอjəəวิกฤตwí-grìtเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiประสิทธิภาพbprà-sìt-tí-pâapการทำงานgaan-tam-ngaanตกลงdtòk-long
The manager must quickly restore the team’s morale after the crisis to prevent a drop in performance.
การสื่อสารgaan-sʉ̀ʉ-sǎanที่tîiโปร่งใสbpròong-sǎiช่วยchûuaiเสริมขวัญsə̌əm-kwǎnและlɛ́ทำให้tam-hâiพนักงานpá-nák-ngaanรู้สึกว่าrúu-sʉ̀k-wâaตนเองdton-eengมีส่วนร่วมmii-sùuan-rûuamในnaiการแก้ปัญหาgaan-gɛ̂ɛ-bpan-hǎa
Transparent communication boosts morale and makes employees feel involved in solving problems.
3NounB2
hair whorl; cowlick
a spiral whorl of hair on the crown of the head
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh classConsonant clusterIn the cluster ขว, the first consonant ข sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ญ, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
kwǎn
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |