คารวะ
kaa-rá-wáMeanings
1VerbB1
[to] pay respects; salute
to formally show respect or homage, often with a wai or bow; to salute respectfully
Examples
นักเรียนnák riianนักเรียนnák riianschool student; pupilทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] act; behave3[to] cook; prepare food4[to] do; carry out (work)5[to] cause; makeความkwaamความkwaam1abstract noun prefix2matter; case; contentคารวะkaa-rá-wáคารวะkaa-rá-wá1[to] pay respects; salute2[to] toast respectfullyคุณครูkun kruuคุณครูkun kruu1teacher (polite/honorific)2Teacher (respectful title or address)ทุกเช้าtúk cháoทุกเช้าtúk cháoevery morning
The students show respect to the teacher every morning.
3 more examplesShow less
ในnaiพิธีไหว้ครูpí-tee wâai krooนักเรียนnák riianทุกคนtúk konนำnamพานpaanดอกไม้dòk máaiมาmaaคารวะkaa-rá-wáอาจารย์aa-jaan
In the Teacher's Day ceremony, all students bring flower trays to pay homage to their teachers.
ลูกศิษย์lûuk sìtกลับglàpมาเยี่ยมmaa yîiamและláeคารวะkaa-rá-wáอาจารย์aa-jaanผู้pôoมีmeeพระคุณprá-kunในช่วงnai chûuangวันหยุดยาวwan yùt yaao
The former student returned to visit and pay respect to his benevolent teacher during the long holiday.
เหล่าlàoทหารtá-hăanยืนyeunแถวtăeoตรงdtrongเพื่อpêuuaทำtamความkwaamคารวะkaa-rá-wáดวงวิญญาณduuang win-yaanของkŏngวีรบุรุษwee-rá-bù-rùtผู้เสียสละpôo sĭia sà-là
The soldiers stood in a straight line to salute the spirits of the fallen heroes.
2VerbB2
[to] toast respectfully
To drink or offer a drink as a gesture of respect to someone, especially in Chinese-style martial-arts stories.
Examples
ประธานในพิธีbprà-taan nai pí-teeประธานในพิธีbprà-taan nai pí-teepresiding officer; ceremony chair; guest of honorกล่าวglàaoกล่าวglàao[to] say; state; mention (formal)อวยพรuuay ponอวยพรuuay pon[to] offer good wishes; [to] blessแล้วláeoแล้วláeo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ยกแก้วyók gâewยกแก้วyók gâew[to] raise a glass; [to] make a toastขึ้นkêunขึ้นkêun1[to] go up; rise; ascend2[to] increase3[to] board; get on4result complement: upward/better5postverbal particle: onset or occurrence6[to] sprout; grow; appear7northward/up-country8waxing phase (of the moon)คารวะkaa-rá-wáคารวะkaa-rá-wá1[to] pay respects; salute2[to] toast respectfullyคู่บ่าวสาวkôo bàao săaoคู่บ่าวสาวkôo bàao săao1bride and groom2newlyweds (by extension)
The master of ceremonies gave a blessing and then raised his glass to toast the bride and groom.
3 more examplesShow less
ผมpŏmขออนุญาตkŏr à-nú-yâatคารวะkaa-rá-wáหนึ่งnèungจอกjòkแด่dàeความสำเร็จkwaam săm-rètของkŏngโครงการkrohng gaanนี้néeครับkráp
Allow me to offer a toast (with one cup) to the success of this project.
ในnaiงานเลี้ยงอำลาngaan líiang am-laaทุกคนtúk konต่างdtàangลุกขึ้นยืนlúk kêun yeunเพื่อpêuuaคารวะkaa-rá-wáแด่dàeคุณงามความดีkun ngaam kwaam deeของkŏngเจ้านายjâo naaiที่têeกำลังจะgam-lang jàเกษียณgà-sĭian
At the farewell party, everyone stood up to offer a toast to the virtues of their retiring boss.
แม้máeเราraoจะjàอยู่yòoต่างที่dtàang têeแต่dtàeคืนนี้keun néeขอkŏrคารวะkaa-rá-wáผ่านpàanจอjoให้hâiมิตรภาพmít-dtrà-pâapอันanยาวนานyaao naanของเราkŏng rao
Even though we are in different places, tonight let's offer a toast through the screen to our long-lasting friendship.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ร, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |