polyethylene (PE)
sacrifice; (fig.) casualty/thing sacrificed
tiki (Polynesian figure)
grandfather; elderly man (Northern Thai)
fragrant, rich (creamy/oily) quality
electromagnetism (field of study/phenomenon)
hard casque; bony protuberance
dare‑to‑die unit; shock unit
nasal (of voice)
nuclear fusion
golden orchid (Dendrobium chrysotoxum)
boyfriend; male sweetheart (regional)
Mars (Roman god)
Ares (Greek god)
minister in charge of a ministry
rocket engine; rocket motor
electric charge (property)
commutative (math)
ophthalmologist; eye doctor
[to] float (economics); deregulate price/rate
line of putt; putting line
wheel framework; rim-and-spoke structure
chemotherapy; drug treatment for cancer
however much; no matter how
gradual decline (figurative)
wheel alignment setting/angles
encroachment; infringement
state of being a worldling (Buddhist)
neutral (chemistry)
consistency; coherence; congruence
[to] strip [sb] of rights; disenfranchise
medium; vehicle/channel
specialization; specialized nature
written form; spelling
facts of the case; findings
yesterday (poetic)
caution; circumspection; self-restraint
personal; private (royal usage)
Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT)
Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT)
[to] decentralize
djembe (West African hand drum)
kora (West African harp‑lute)
metamorphic rock
[to] metamorphose (geology)
Sui (Chinese dynasty)
the Grand Canal (China)
commercial movie; mainstream crowd-pleaser
to cling stubbornly; be rigidly attached
by a hair’s breadth; by the tiniest margin
territorial waters (under a state’s jurisdiction)
HTMS Chakri Naruebet (Thai aircraft/helicopter carrier)
(colloq.) backup romantic option; second choice
phosphorescence (phenomenon)
rare-earth element
ferrite magnet; ceramic magnet
confidence interval
statistical estimation
distribution (statistics)
statistical test; hypothesis testing
paradigm
fixation; obsession
solid-state (electronics/technology)
[to] pass through; undergo transitions
formal Buddhist invitation
the Triple Gem; Three Jewels
qualities of the Dhamma (general)
qualities of the Noble Sangha
Devakula (Thai surname)
independence; national independence
[to] pursue colonial expansion; [to] colonize
an immeasurable gulf; insurmountable divide (figurative)
meridian (TCM energy channel)
reference point (for comparison/assessment)
anthocyanin (plant pigment)
[to] writhe; be in agony; be frantic
spiritual/emotional anchor; source of comfort
lactate ion/salt (of lactic acid)
impairment
ship-division/boat-group commander
[to] armor‑plate; [to] add armor to
firepower (military)
NBTC (Thailand’s broadcasting & telecom regulator)
[to] develop; build up over time (figurative)
causing; the act of making [sb/sth] do or be [sth]
Baep Rian Reo (Thai primer series)
Phraya Srisunthonwohan (title/name)
the sixth house (Thai astrology)
racy; spicy; provocative (colloq.)
iron smelting process
oxidation reaction
geological analysis
green zone (land‑use planning)
Siamese rosewood tree
mixed deciduous forest
dry evergreen forest
[to] behave properly; act righteously
color grading (quality assessment)
[to] impart/teach [sth] to [sb] (knowledge, skills, spells)
emotional/moral anchor; source of support