สเต็ม
sà-dtemMeanings
1NounB1
STEM
STEM (an acronym for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), typically referring to the educational curriculum or approach
Examples
โรงเรียนroong-riianโรงเรียนroong-riianschoolของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuffลูกlûukลูกlûuk1child; son; daughter2offspring (of animals); young3ball; spherical object4fruit5classifier: fruits, balls, and certain other objectsเริ่มrə̂əmเริ่มrə̂əm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toสอนsɔ̌ɔnสอนsɔ̌ɔn1[to] teach [sb] [sth]2[to] admonish; give moral guidanceสเต็มsà-dtemสเต็มsà-dtem1STEM2bicycle stemแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)
My child's school has started teaching STEM.
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การเรียนการสอนgaan riian gaan sŏnแบบbàepสเต็มsà-dtemทำให้tam hâiเด็กdèkๆ-ได้dâiฝึกคิดfùek kítวิเคราะห์wí-króมากขึ้นmâak kêun
STEM education helps children practice analytical thinking more.
ตอนนี้dtɔɔn-níiมีmiiหลักสูตรlàk-sùutสเต็มsà-dtemสำหรับsǎm-ràpเด็กประถมdèk-bprà-tǒmที่tîiน่าสนใจnâa-sǒn-jaiมากmâak
Right now, there is a very interesting STEM curriculum for elementary students.
การบูรณาการgaan-buu-rá-naa-gaanความรู้kwaam-rúuแบบbɛ̀ɛpสเต็มsà-dtemศึกษาsʉ̀k-sǎaเป็นbpenสิ่งสำคัญsìng-sǎm-kanในnaiการเตรียมความพร้อมgaan-dtriiam-kwaam-prɔ́ɔmให้hâiเยาวชนyao-wá-chonสำหรับsǎm-ràpโลกlôokอนาคตà-naa-kót
Integrating knowledge through STEM education is essential in preparing the youth for the future world.
2NounB2
bicycle stem
a bicycle component that connects the handlebars to the steerer tube of the bicycle fork (loanword from English)
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)3like; as (in the manner of)เพิ่งpə̂ngเพิ่งpə̂ngjust; recentlyเปลี่ยนbplìianเปลี่ยนbplìian1[to] change; become different2[to] switch; replace; exchangeสเต็มsà-dtemสเต็มsà-dtem1STEM2bicycle stemจักรยานjàk-grà-yaanจักรยานjàk-grà-yaanbicycle; bikeใหม่màiใหม่mài1new; not old2again; anew3new; inexperienced (novice)4hibiscus (Northern Thai)เพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiso that; in order thatขี่kìiขี่kìi1[to] ride2[to] bully; lord overสบายsà-baaiสบายsà-baai1comfortable; at ease2well; fine (health/state)3[to] be comfortable; feel at ease4easy; effortlessขึ้นkʉ̂nขึ้นkʉ̂n1[to] go up; rise; ascend2[to] increase3[to] board; get on4result complement: upward/better5postverbal particle: onset or occurrence6[to] sprout; grow; appear7northward/up-country8waxing phase (of the moon)
I just changed to a new bicycle stem to make riding more comfortable.
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สเต็มsà-dtemตัวdtuuaนี้níiยาวyaaoเกินไปgəən-bpaiทำให้tam-hâiฉันchǎnต้องdtɔ̂ngเอื้อมʉ̂ʉamเยอะyə́เวลาwee-laaปั่นbpàn
This stem is too long, making me reach out a lot when cycling.
การเลือกgaan-lʉ̂ʉakความยาวkwaam-yaaoและlɛ́องศาong-sǎaของkɔ̌ɔngสเต็มsà-dtemมีผลmii-pǒnอย่างมากyàang-mâakต่อdtɔ̀ɔท่าทางtâa-taangการปั่นgaan-bpànและlɛ́การควบคุมgaan-kûuap-kumรถrót
Choosing the length and angle of the stem has a significant impact on riding posture and bike handling.
นักปั่นnák-bpànหลายคนlǎai-konนิยมní-yomใช้cháiน็อตnɔ́tไทเทเนียมtai-tee-niiamยึดyʉ́tสเต็มsà-dtemเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaลดน้ำหนักlót-nám-nàkรวมruuamของkɔ̌ɔngจักรยานjàk-grà-yaanลงlong
Many cyclists prefer using titanium bolts to secure the stem in order to reduce the overall weight of the bicycle.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is สเต็ม said สะ-เต็ม?
sà-dtem
Thai spelling does not always show how a word sounds. This is how it is said.
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
sà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |