ถ่อม
tɔ̀ɔmMeanings
1AdjectiveB2
humble; modest (short form, often in compounds)
showing humility; not boasting or claiming importance; commonly appears in compounds such as ถ่อมตัวถ่อมตัวtɔ̀ɔm-dtuua[to] be humble; act modestly
Examples
ถึงtʉ̌ngถึงtʉ̌ng1to; until; up to2[to] arrive; reach3to; toward (recipient/goal)4even if; even though5as much as; as many as; to the point of6only then; then as a result (informal)7about; concerning; regardingเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillจะชนะjà-chá-náจะชนะjà-chá-náwill win; [to] be going to winรางวัลใหญ่raang-wan-yàiรางวัลใหญ่raang-wan-yàigrand prize; jackpotแต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerพูดจาpûut-jaaพูดจาpûut-jaa[to] speak; talk (how one speaks)อย่างyàangอย่างyàang1kind; type; sort2manner; way3classifier (for kinds/types)4like; as; such as5in the manner of; -lyถ่อมtɔ̀ɔmถ่อมtɔ̀ɔm1humble; modest (short form, often in compounds)2[to] be humble; act modestly (often with [oneself])ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)โอ้อวดเลยôo-ùuat-ləəiโอ้อวดเลยôo-ùuat-ləəi1[to] really show off; boast so much2really boastful; very ostentatious
Even though he won a big award, he spoke humbly and didn’t boast at all.
3 more examplesShow less
ครูkruuชื่นชมchʉ̂ʉn-chomที่tîiนักเรียนnák-riianคนนี้kon-níiวางตัวwaang-dtuuaถ่อมtɔ̀ɔmและlɛ́รับฟังความคิดเห็นráp-fang-kwaam-kít-hěnของkɔ̌ɔngเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉan
The teacher praised this student for being humble and listening to classmates’ opinions.
ภาพลักษณ์pâap-pá-lákที่têeถ่อมtòmและláeจริงใจjing jaiทำให้tam hâiเธอterได้รับdâi rápความไว้วางใจkwaam wái waang jaiจากjàakทีมงานteem ngaan
Her humble and sincere image earned her the team’s trust.
ผู้นำpûu-namที่tîiถ่อมtɔ̀ɔmจะjàยอมรับyɔɔm-rápข้อผิดพลาดkɔ̂ɔ-pìt-plâatของkɔ̌ɔngตนdtonและlɛ́ให้เครดิตhâi-kree-dìtแก่gɛ̀ɛผู้อื่นpûu-ʉ̀ʉnเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaโครงการkroong-gaanสำเร็จsǎm-rèt
A humble leader accepts their mistakes and gives others credit when a project succeeds.
2VerbB2
[to] be humble; act modestly (often with [oneself])
to behave with humility; to downplay one’s abilities or achievements; commonly in the reflexive phrase ถ่อมตัวถ่อมตัวtɔ̀ɔm-dtuua[to] be humble; act modestly
Examples
แม้mɛ́ɛแม้mɛ́ɛ1even if; although; even though2evenเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillจะได้jà-dâaiจะได้jà-dâai1so that; in order that; that way2will be able to; get to; come to3then; so (result in instructions/explanations)รางวัลใหญ่raang-wan-yàiรางวัลใหญ่raang-wan-yàigrand prize; jackpotเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)5to; towardถ่อมตัวtɔ̀ɔm-dtuuaถ่อมตัวtɔ̀ɔm-dtuua[to] be humble; act modestlyและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)บอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâa1[to] say/tell that; report/declare that2[of text/sign] say/indicate thatเป็นผลbpen-pǒnเป็นผลbpen-pǒn[to] be a result; produce results; be effectiveงานngaanงานngaan1work; job; employment2task; assignment; duty3event; fair; function4work (product); creation5unit (classifier) for events6work (physics)ของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsทีมtiimทีมtiimteam; group
Even though he won a big award, he remained humble and said it was the team’s work.
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เธอtəəมักmákถ่อมตัวtɔ̀ɔm-dtuuaเวลาwee-laaได้รับdâi-rápคำชมkam-chomทำให้tam-hâiคนkonยิ่งyîngชื่นชมchʉ̂ʉn-chomมากขึ้นmâak-kʉ̂n
She often downplays herself when receiving praise, which makes people admire her even more.
โค้ชkóotย้ำyámให้hâiนักกีฬาnák-gii-laaถ่อมตัวtɔ̀ɔm-dtuuaไว้wáiเสมอsà-mə̌əแม้mɛ́ɛจะชนะjà-chá-náคู่แข่งkûu-kɛ̀ngขาดลอยkàat-lɔɔiก็ตามgɔ̂-dtaam
The coach emphasizes that athletes should always be humble, even when they win by a landslide.
เขาkǎoถ่อมตัวtɔ̀ɔm-dtuuaจนjonไม่mâiกล้าglâaเล่าlâoความสำเร็จkwaam-sǎm-rètของตัวเองkɔ̌ɔng-dtuua-eengแต่dtɛ̀ɛกลับglàpผลักดันplàk-danให้hâiเพื่อนร่วมงานpʉ̂ʉan-rûuam-ngaanเป็นbpenคนkonเด่นdèn
He humbles himself to the point that he doesn’t dare speak of his own success, instead pushing his colleagues into the spotlight.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
tɔ̀ɔm
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |