คำโท
kam-tooMeaning
1NounC2
word with a mai tho tone mark
A word spelled with the 'mai tho' tone mark, specifically referred to in the rules of Thai poetic composition
Examples
ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)การแต่งgaan-dtɛ̀ngการแต่งgaan-dtɛ̀ng1dressing; attire styling2decoration; adornment3composition; creative writing4modification; customization; embellishmentโคลงสี่สุภาพkloong-sìi-sù-pâapโคลงสี่สุภาพkloong-sìi-sù-pâapclassical Thai verse form with four linesกวีgà-wiiกวีgà-wiipoetต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toใส่ใจsài-jaiใส่ใจsài-jai1[to] pay close attention to; be attentive to2[to] care about; be concerned for3attentive; caring (attrib.)ตำแหน่งdtam-nɛ̀ngตำแหน่งdtam-nɛ̀ng1position; location; spot2position; post; job title; role3rank; status4slot; placement; orderของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsคำkamคำkam1word; term2classifier for words/utterances3speech; saying; utteranceเอกèekเอกèek1major (field of study)2one; single; unique; exceptional3principal; primary4A; first class; first rank; top grade5ace (playing card)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)คำโทkam-tooคำโทkam-tooword with a mai tho tone markให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)ถูกต้องtùuk-dtɔ̂ngถูกต้องtùuk-dtɔ̂ng1correct; right2proper; in accordance3exactly; rightly; correctly
In composing a Khlong Si Suphap poem, the poet must pay attention to the correct positions of 'kham ek' and 'kham tho'.
3 more examplesShow less
ข้อบังคับkɔ̂ɔ-bang-kápเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangคำkamเอกèekคำโทkam-tooเป็นbpenลักษณะเด่นlák-sà-nà-dèenที่tîiทำให้tam-hâiโคลงkloongไทยtaiมีmiiความไพเราะkwaam-pai-rɔ́และlɛ́มีmiiจังหวะjang-wàที่tîiเป็นเอกลักษณ์bpen-èek-gà-lák
The regulation of 'kham ek' and 'kham tho' is a prominent feature that gives Thai Khlong its melody and unique rhythm.
หากhàakหาhǎaคำโทkam-tooมาmaaลงlongในตำแหน่งnai-dtam-nɛ̀ngที่tîiบังคับbang-kápไม่ได้mâi-dâaiกวีgà-wiiอาจàatต้องdtɔ̂ngปรับเปลี่ยนbpràp-bplìianถ้อยคำtɔ̂ɔi-kamใหม่màiทั้งtángวรรคwákเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiถูกต้องtùuk-dtɔ̂ngตามdtaamฉันทลักษณ์chǎn-tá-lák
If a 'kham tho' cannot be found for the required position, the poet may have to rearrange the wording of the entire line to comply with the prosody.
วรรณคดีwan-ná-ká-diiชิ้นเอกchín-èekอย่างyàangลิลิตlí-lítพระลอprá-lɔɔแสดงให้เห็นถึงsà-dɛɛng-hâi-hěn-tʉ̌ngอัจฉริยภาพàt-chà-rí-yá-pâapในnaiการเลือกใช้คำgaan-lʉ̂ʉak-chái-kamเอกèekและlɛ́คำโทkam-tooได้dâaiอย่างyàangแยบคายyɛ̂ɛp-kaaiและlɛ́สละสลวยsà-là-sà-lǔuai
A literary masterpiece like Lilit Phra Lo demonstrates the genius in ingeniously and elegantly selecting 'kham ek' and 'kham tho'.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is คำโท said คัม-โท?
kam-too
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableThe vowel ำ hides a final -ม, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
kam
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
โทtooโทtoo1master’s degree level; graduate (M.A./M.S.)2Thai tone name (falling tone)3second; secondary4second class; second rank5minor (field of study)master’s degree level; graduate (M.A./M.S.)Part 2
คำโทkam-tooคำโทkam-tooword with a mai tho tone markword with a mai tho tone markWord